Final Review - Early Modern Civilizations

Following the Council of Trent, the Catholic Church completely eliminated the use of indulgences from the religion.

Ancient Greek and Roman writings and art.

The birthplace of the Renaissance in northern Italy: Florence, Milan, and Mantua.

Christians who belonged to non-Catholic churches.

A German monk that wrote 95 theses against the Catholic church's use of indulgences.

Subject matter that was worldly rather than religious.

The Church of England after it separates from the Catholic Church.

The Roman Catholic tribunal for investigating and prosecuting charges of heresy.

What conditions made Italy the ideal start of the Renaissance?

French Protestant reformer that established a model city in Geneva, Switzerland.

A pardon that released a sinner from the consequence of sin.

An agreement between Charles V and German princes - each ruler could decide the religion of the state.

Ruler of England from 1509-1547. Used Parliament to separate from the Catholic Church so he could end his marriage.

By the late 1400s, Renaissance ideas spread to Northern Europe - especially England, France, Germany, and Flanders.

An intellectual movement where thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and ability to reason.

An explosion of creativity in art, writing, and thought that lasted from 1300 to 1600.

The doctrine that God has decided all things before creating the world, including which people will be given salvation.

A protestant city with strict morality laws run by John Calvin and his followers.

The meetings of Catholic Church leaders to respond to criticisms made by the Protestant movement.

This queen established the Anglican Church with herself at its head. Also encouraged art and literature.

Catholic members of the Society of Jesus based on Ignatius of Loyola's teachings.

This person developed the printing press and made books/knowledge readily available during the Renaissance/Reformation.

A movement of religious reform against the Catholic church that led to Protestantism.