Sociology Unit 1 Culture and Social Structure

any group that an individual does not belong to or identify with 

the idea that if you do something for someone, that person owes you something in return

the social science that studies human society and social behavior

interaction that occurs when two or more persons/groups work together to achieve a goal 

a group that rejects the values and norms of the larger society and replaces them w/ their own

a group in which there is no official structure or established rules of conduct

shared beliefs about what is good or bad, right or wrong, desirable or undersirable

a socially defined position in a group or in a society

the process through which cultures become more and more alike

a tendency of organizations to become increasingly dominated by small groups of people

the process of spreading cultural traits from one society to another

physical objects created by human groups

a negative consequence an element has for the stability of the social system 

a status acquired by an individual on the basis of some special skill, knowledge, or ability

the deliberate attempt to oppose, harm, control by force, or resist the will of another person

interaction that occurs when two or more people/groups oppose each other to achieve a goal 

the tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups

the status that plays the greatest role in shaping a person's life

the development of economic, political, and social relationships that stretch worldwide

a type of society in which the mechanized production of goods is the main economic activity

a small group of people who interact over a relatively long period of time on a personal basis

a state of balance between cooperation and conflict 

a group in which interaction is impersonal and temporary in nature

a type of society in which economic activity centers on the production of information/&services

three - person group

the behavior expected of someone occupying a particular status

societies evolve toward stability and perfection and only the fittest societies survive

a group with its own unique values, norms, and behaviors that exists within a larger culture

situation that occurs when a person has difficulty meeting the expectations of a single status

societies in which social relationships are based on need rather than on emotion/impersonal

a set of two or more people who interact on the basis of shared expectations/ a common identity

societies in which most members know one another/activities with family and community

a network of interrelated statuses and roles that guides human interaction

putting yourself in the place of others and try to see situations through their eyes is called

a group of interdependent people who have organized in such a way as to share a common culture

society as a set of interrelated parts that work together to produce a stable social system

theory that holds that people are motivated by self-interests in their interactions with others

anything that stands for something else and has a shared meaning attached to it

a ranked authority structure that operates according to specific rules and procedures

a viewing of the behavior of groups in a systematic way

process that people go through to detach from a role that they have identified with

an individual, group, or societal interaction undertaken in an effort to receive a reward

a status assigned according to standards that are beyond a person's control. Age, sex, & race

shared products of human groups, beliefs, values, behaviors, shared by a group

the feeling of extreme self-centeredness

a group with two members

shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations

type of society in which food production, carried out through the use of human and animal labor

norms that have great moral significance attached to them

positive consequence that an element of society produces 4 the maintenance of the social system

different roles attached to a single status

common features that are found in all human cultures

a large, complex secondary group that has been established to achieve specific goals/schools

a group in which the structure, goals, and activities of the group are clearly defined

when completing one status makes it difficult to fulfill the expectations of another status

the ability to see the connection between the larger world and our personal lives

interaction among people that takes place through the use of symbols

norms that do not have great moral significance attached to them, the customs of everyday life

abstract human creations, such as language, ideas, beliefs, and political and economic systems

a group that an individual belongs to an identifies with