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Global Studies Comparison Between Civilizations or Eras
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11
Global Studies Comparison Between Civilizations or Eras
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Questions compiled from Global Studies Regents Exams
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1
11
developing terrace farming on hillsides
building chariots to protect open plains against invaders
constructing harbors to encourage exploration
becoming maritime traders
2
89
adapted mountainous terrain
developed coastal ports
introduced camel caravans as a form of transportation
designed ships to conduct global trade
3
121
end foreign control
create a totalitarian state
promote laissez-faire capitalism
develop modern industries
4
66
in search of additional food sources
from rural lands to urban areas
for religious freedom
across the Atlantic Ocean
5
138
cultural diffusion between different societies
the Columbian exchange
elimination of all traditional beliefs
a movement toward decolonization
6
31
revolutionary democratization
political decentralization
innovative industrial development
reactionary social change
7
122
C-->B-->A-->D
B-->C-->D-->A
B-->D-->A-->C
A-->C-->B-->D
8
78
fought against British imperialism
made significant scientific discoveries
became a communist revolutionary
led nationalist movements
9
39
South America - Munich Conference
Eastern Europe - Berlin Airlift
Central Africa - calling for Crusades by Pope Urban II
East Asia - issuing the Balfour Declaration
10
40
foreign missionaries were welcomed
emperors were overthrown in coups d'etat
political power was more centralized
most wealthy merchants able to attain high social status
11
69
religious unity
democratic reforms
cultural achievements
economic isolation
12
49
Christianity has been a dominant force in Europe and India
Leaders are often influenced by cultural belief systems
Many political leaders discouraged religious toleration
Religions have little impact on the development of empires
13
51
urban development
religious divisions
European colonial policies
indigenous ethnic rivalries
14
103
established totalitarian governments
developed concepts of natural rights
promoted peace and prosperity
provided structure for society
15
96
advocates of liberation theology
leaders of independence movements
communist dictators
enlightened despots
16
85
stimulated interest in other cultures
resulted in archaeological discoveries in Africa
started mass migrations from Europe
led to the establishment of colonies
17
93
established public education systems
separated church and state
instituted democratic governments
codified the laws of their empire
18
45
Tensions here were caused by efforts to remain nonaligned.
Hostilities within these regions were provoked by the U.N.
Both conflicts emerged as a result of the breakup of USSR
Both conflicts concern territorial and religious issues
19
33
address economic concerns by lowering tariffs
encourage development through the creation of universities
defend human rights by establishing written codes of law
restore stability after a period of conflict or disorder
20
44
protested against economic sanctions
crushed secessionist movements
worked to modernize their nations
conquered eastern neighboring territories
21
24
economic change can be slow and almost unnoticed
environmental changes can affect human society
contact with other societies can lead to conflict and war
technological advances can lead to major change
22
97
using examinations to select officials
developing decentralized political structures
having long periods of stable government
having governments dominated by a merchant class
23
135
poorly trained military forces
harsh winter climate
mountainous terrain
a lack of alliances
24
101
encouraged modernization
granted equality to women
ruled according to a constitution
emancipated serfs
25
61
incorporated communist doctrine into their government
joined Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
sponsored a UN Conference on Women's Rights
established an Islamic state
26
87
emphasized equal rights for women
supported the expansion of overseas trade
encouraged democratic reforms
promoted religious diversity
27
58
trade
manufacturing
mining
agriculture
28
136
expanded the power of labor unions
denied individual rights
sought a classless society
established a democratic form of government
29
2
helped to spread the ideas of religious leaders
supported democratic forms of government
stimulated the expansion of trade
led to nationalistic movements
30
5
a reduction in tensions with neighboring countries
restructuring of government that included elected monarchs
decrease in the reliance on industrialization and trade
an increase in military production, strong military forces
31
47
social mobility was very limited
status was determined by education
impact on the daily lives of people was minimal
occupations were attained by merit
32
59
The tundra enabled the movement of troops
Deserts made invasion possible
Warm-water ports prevented the flow of supplies
The climate created obstacles to success
33
102
address human rights abuses
establish free trade zones throughout the world
support the establishment of democratic governments
provide encouragement to people behind the Iron Curtain
34
36
occupied military posts in the Chinese Empire
were traditional religious leaders
expelled the Moors from Spain
held positions of power in feudal systems
35
144
location on key trade routes
management of local gold mines
development as centers of woolen industry
indirect control of the papacy
36
19
the discovery of East Asia
a reduction in trade
the development of slavery
an increased interest in different cultures
37
139
treated all equally under the law
made slavery unacceptable
provided for religious freedom
gave people a set of rules to follow
38
116
command economies
distinct social classes
cultural isolation
stable governments
39
77
developed parliamentary governments
ensured equality for women
declined because of corruption in government
reached their height of power at the same time
40
107
Caspian Sea
Siberian tundra
harsh climate
arid land
41
119
native reaction to foreign interference in the region
attempts by democratic forces to overthrow the monarchy
government policies of ethnic cleansing
government denial of access to fertile farmland
42
125
traded with other civilizations along the Silk Road
adopted Christianity as the state religion
fought rivals for control of the sea
built a system of roadways throughout their empires
43
126
Widespread intolerance of Huguenots led to abuses
Inflation contributed to rise of radical political groups
Scientific developments improved the standard of living
Military successes eliminated tensions with countries
44
100
frameworks for economic stability
methods of political reform
political and economic ideals
plans for maintaining the social hierarchy
45
17
Sun Yixian and Emperor Hirohito
Simon Bolivar and Bernardo O'Higgins
Joseph Stalin and Mao Zedong
F.W. de Klerk and Indira Gandhi
46
54
the individual and the state
social mobility
the importance of religion
economic development
47
111
Civil liberties were promoted
One group seized power and limited opposition
Leaders won the support of all groups
Voting rights were extended to women
48
29
all subjects are equal under the law
religion and government must be brought closer together
governments must provide their people with rights
harsh laws are needed to control society
49
26
provided for universal suffrage
created a theocracy
limited the power of the monarch
equalized taxes
50
117
used nonviolent tactics
supported imperialism
opposed communism
led a nationalist movement
51
113
promoted Confucian principles
set up democratic governments
used Marxist political principles
overthrew a ruling monarch
52
133
religious edicts
epic poems
democratic constitutions
written laws
53
65
Twelve Tables of the Romans
ziggurats of Sumeria
map projections of Mercator
Great Sphinx of the Egyptians
54
115
frequent monsoons
large deserts
tropical climate
mountainous topographhy
55
34
the development of religious and cultural reforms
a rejection off democratic policies and practices
an extended period of peaceful trade and commerce
a knowledge and command of advanced technologies
56
3
experienced invasions of his country that almost succeded
promoted economic and technological modernization of country
rejected culture of his country in favor of foreign culture
resisted economic and social reforms in his country
57
1
the development of a wealthy middle class
an increased emphasis on education
a decentralized political system
religious diversity
58
38
were known as great military leaders
supported the emancipation of serfs
advocated religious reform
were executed by revolutionaries
59
130
Fidel Castro became the communist leader of Cuba
Simon Bolivar established Gran Colombia
Panama regained control of the Panama canal
NAFTA was signed by Mexico, Canada, and the United States
60
14
westernization
industrialization
nationalism
imperialism
61
52
Religious tensions often promote disagreements
Advanced technology ensures victory
Most military confrontations involve bio weapons
Geography often has an influence on the course of a conflict
62
110
polytheism
humanism
nationalism
imperialism
63
132
collective security agreements
trench warfare
nonviolent resistance
nationalist sentiments
64
72
C-->B-->A-->D
A-->B-->C-->D
D-->C-->B-->A
C-->D-->B-->A
65
42
mountain passes
severe winters
superior air forces
United Nations peacekeepers
66
98
abundances of natural resources
access to mountain passes
predictable rainfall from the monsoon cycle
location on waterways
67
27
isolation and nationalism
reform and modernization
revolution and absolutism
capitalism and democracy
68
53
communism
isolationism
imperialism
terrorism
69
9
indulgences
tribute
serfdom
chivalry
70
16
The Black Plague led to labor shortages.
Enlightenment thoughts led to manorialism.
The Commercial Rev. led to creation of traditional economies
The Russian Revolution led to an absolute monarchy.
71
4
developed early democratic systems
built temple complexes and developed the concept of zero
eliminated standing armies and introduced an aristocracy
were conquered by European imperialists
72
84
birth
power
education
wealth
73
137
Leaders often use religion to unify an empire
Leaders usually become the head of their country's church
Many political leaders encourage religious toleration
Leaders sometimes use religion as a reason to wage war
74
70
establishing a limited monarchy
promoting religious freedom
creating collective farms
ending foreign control
75
134
supported nationalist movements
experienced large migrations
represented early civilizations
carried out successful conquests
76
21
conquer more than one continent and remain stable
be threatened only when directly attacked by outsiders
be weakened by both internal and external pressures
lose strength when mercenaries enforce reforms
77
67
loyalty to their military leader
devotion to their nation-state
service to their church
allegiance to their families
78
23
concrete was used to improve the surface of the roads
ideas were exchanged as merchants interacted with each other
the main items exchanged were ivory and tobacco
a single currency was used to make transactions easier
79
7
provide the basis for European holy books
include advice on how to be a democratic ruler
present unbiased views of life in Africa and Asia
serve as primary sources about trade and culture
80
106
growth of the Ottoman Empire
imperialism in Europe
location in the Middle East
development of trade with other regions
81
18
supported republican governments
legalized monotheistic beliefs
established legal standards
provided records of economic activity
82
64
used violent methods to eliminate their opponents
established social stability and economic growth
limited the power of absolute monarchs
illustrated power of public opinion in forming policy
83
50
revolved around cultural religious beliefs
allowed for educational opportunities
enforced different rules for distinct groups of people
determined roles based on gender
84
94
peacekeeping organizations to be established
reparations to be paid by defeated countries
existing borders to be maintained
monarchs to be returned to their rightful places
85
13
mountains
deserts
rivers
climate
86
8
strengthened communism
maintained the democratic process
increased global tensions
allowed elements of capitalism
87
68
gunpowder
astrolabe
wheeled carts
road system
88
91
allowed universal suffrage
promoted art and literature
established plantation agriculture
developed matriarchal societies
89
62
strength of nationalist leaders
support of the Catholic Church
existence of democratic institutions
mediation of the League of Nations
90
80
Initially Europeans lacked skills needed for desert travel
African empires generally avoided contact with Europeans.
Trade between Africa and Europe decreased.
Desertification reduced the amount of arable land for people
91
142
building a large network of roads and bridges
using powerful navies to protect sea trade routes
supporting free-market economies by minting silver coins
granting citizenship and voting rights to conquered peoples
92
114
beliefs and values of a given culture
climatic changes in an area
19th-century use of technology
influence of Chinese design
93
48
India
Japan
Vietnam
China
94
88
Pope Urban II --> Martin Luther
Louis XVI --> Maximilien Robespierre
Hernando Cortez --> Simon Bolivar
Nicolaus Copernicus --> Galileo Galilei
95
128
weak centralized authority and interference from outsiders
democratic rule and a coordinated economic policy
increased construction of roads, bridges, other public works
renewed interest in artistic pursuits such as painting
96
131
Large numbers of people migrated
Ethnic tensions decreased
Nuclear weapons were developed
Communist governments were established
97
123
were land-locked city-states
were centers for Islamic learning
became wealthy and powerful as a result of trade
developed economies based primarily on agriculture
98
63
Saddam Hussein
Momar Khadafi
Mohandas Gandhi
Ho Chi Minh
99
129
harsh climatic conditions in Russia
failure of France and Germany to develop modern weapons
inexperience of French and German military leaders
Russian alliances with China
100
32
cultural difffusion
isolation
social mobility
globalization
101
143
spreading the teachings of Christianity
supporting a capitalist system
preserving a rigid social system
achieving change through revolution
102
118
fortifications
climate
lack of ports
advanced technology
103
99
Ethnic, religious differences have been sources of tension
Economic cooperation can overcome political issues
Gender diffferences more powerful than social diffferences
Cultural diversity leads to stable societies.
104
43
embraced the principles of civil disobedience
established the first democratic government in his country
opposed the role of the Roman Catholic Church in politics
fought to free his country from European control
105
120
biological
trench
unrestricted submarine
guerilla
106
28
ties to extended families increased
governments developed policies of forced migration
many farm workers went to cities to look for jobs
many people moved to rural areas
107
82
Understanding nature is requirement of these belief systems
Pilgrimages to mountains are encouraged by belief systems
The Middle East was the birthplace of these belief systems
Water plays an important role in these belief systems
108
112
occur in a peaceful manner
bring radicals to power
ignore urban workers
gain the support of wealthy landowners
109
86
acceptance of new political boundaries
establishment of uniform legal codes
emigration of people from their homelands
intervention of coalition military forces
110
41
adopted policies of nonalignment
implemented programs to modernize their nations
established theocracies based on Islam
supported increased rights for ethnic minorities
111
109
reclaiming land from the sea by building dikes
growing crops suited to desert climates
building terraces into the mountainsides
engaging in overseas expansion
112
22
B-->A-->D-->C
A-->B-->C-->D
D-->A-->C-->B
B-->C-->A-->D
113
37
revised understandings of natural surroundings
questioning the benefits of the mercantile system
increased suspicion between different religions
development of new manufacturing techniques
114
104
C-->A-->B-->D
A-->B-->D-->C
B-->A-->C-->D
C-->B-->D-->A
115
127
Justinian - Byzantine Empire
Charlemagne - Spanish Empire
Sulieman the Magnificent - Russian Empire
Peter the Great - Ottoman Empire
116
108
introduced the use of gunpowder in warfare
required the use of Latin throughout the empire
encouraged the spread of independence movements
engaged in territorial expansion
117
60
led people of his nation toward a more democratic government
fought for power for black majority over white minority
refused to participate in the United Nations
worked to end communism in his country
118
141
established policies of censorship and repression
used televised propaganda to rally the masses
reformed executive branch by using theocratic principles
liberated the serfs and industrial workers
119
25
political stability
social equality for men and women
unifying religious institutions
representative forms of government
120
10
Renaissance --> Crusades --> French Revolution
Crusades --> French Revolution --> Renaissance
Crusades --> Renaissance --> French Revolution
French Revolution --> Crusades --> Renaissance
121
71
Tensions of the Cold War
Results of Economic Revolutions
Effects of Nationalism
Causes of World War II
122
79
individual abilities
marriage
education and training
birth
123
81
colonized peoples in the British Empire
groups represented on the United Nations Security Council
groups that joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
peoples without their own state
124
30
controlled territories around the Mediterranean seacoast
stressed the importance of dharma and karma
gained wealth by obtaining gold from the Americas
made advances in mathematics and literature
125
35
are located on the western side of the continent
served as major barriers to the movement of people and goods
had little effect on the lives of people in these regions
provided necessary resources for settlement
126
56
invading Great Britain by land
using conquered peoples as slave laborers
invading Russia with limited supply lines
introducing combined ground and naval forces
127
105
organized communist rebellions
opposed trade with other nations
supported nationalistic movements
established democratic rule in their countries
128
15
gain a warm-water port
limit the role of women in society
return to traditional values
adopt western-style reforms
129
124
formed communist governments
led nationalist movements in their countries
led their countries during the Cold War
kept their countries out of the United Nations
130
75
became religious leaders of their countries
fought for independence from European control
controlled large areas of land in the Americas
promoted European control over the Americas
131
140
encouraged the development of advanced technology
emphasized duties and responsibilities in society
promoted respect for the physical environment
required that legalist principles be followed
132
46
voter participation
religious toleration
military disarmament
compulsory education
133
55
Bolshevik Revolution --> French Revolution --> American Rev.
Renaissance --> Middle Ages --> Roman Empire
Treaty of Versailles --> World War II --> Korean War
Reformation --> Crusades --> Exploration of the Americas
134
76
hindered imperialistic goals
required unquestioning loyalty to the leader
led pro-democracy movements
helped increase religious tolerance
135
57
The spread of new ideas is discouraged by trade and conquest
The geography of a nation or region influences development
Major urban centers are only found along rivers.
Without mountains and rivers, people cannot develop culture
136
73
discouraged scientific advancements
ruled during times of prosperity
led nationalist movements
established republics
137
12
focus on biblical themes
emphasis on the human form
dominance of landscape paintings
influence of the West African tradition
138
90
used peaceful methods to achieve their goals
relied on support from the peasants
embraced capitalist ideas
rejected industrial development
139
74
Spanish govt required gold in colonies be brought to Spain.
France Germany Belgium and UK negotiated to divide Africa
Japan closed its ports to trade with other nations
British ruled much of India through control of local rulers
140
83
legal changes to protect human rights
constitutions to define political powers
policies to increase religious persecution
military strategies to defeat opponents
141
20
awarded land to the elite
used a parliamentary system of government
relied on global trade for goods
promoted religious tolerance
142
92
inability to force back foreign invaders
outbreak of war between religious groups
efforts of the middle class to gain power
lack of a common currency
143
6
led communist revolutions
were subjects of Stalinist purges
encouraged reforms
supported territorial expansion
144
95
isolate unpopular governments
halt the spread of communism
limit the movement of peoples
keep people from smuggling illegal goods
145
145
led to discoveries in Africa
encouraged mass migrations
stimulated trade
established colonial territories
