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Dutton AP Comparative CHINA Flashcards | StudBud
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Dutton AP Comparative CHINA
Dutton AP Comparative CHINA
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1
All of the following statements about the National People’s Congress are true EXCEPT
Representation is chosen on a geographical basis.
It is unicameral.
Minority groups are guaranteed representation.
It is a major policy making institution.
2
Rural factories and businesses in China that are run by local governments
SEZs
iron rice bow;
TVEs
button cities
3
First source of legitimacy for rule in historical China
guanxi
mandate of heaven
danwei
dynastic cycle
4
Chinese Communist army; has extensive business interests:
SEZ
GMD
CCP
PLA
5
The proliferation of NGOs in China is an indication that
civil society is growing
a competitive party system is developing
rule of law is strengthening
civil liberties and civil rights are now respected
6
A powerful official offers land, contracts, protection or jobs in return for loyalty & service:
patron-client system
state corporatism
Household Responsibility Sytem
pluralist system
7
"It doesn't matter whether a cat is white or black, as long as it catches mice."
Maoism
parallel hierarchies
Mandate of Heaven
Deng Xiaoping Theory
8
Meditative martial arts movement founded in 1992 and banned in 1999 as an "evil cult."
Confucianism
Feng-Shou
Falun-Gong
Tai-Chi
9
The Chinese Cultural Revolution was characterized by all EXCEPT
destruction of historical artifacts and literature.
peacefuland nonviolent educational ideology.
Deportation of "capitalist roaders" to remote countryside.
forced 're-education' campaigns against Mao's opponents.
10
China's ethnic majority is
Tibetan
Mongol
Han Chinese
Uyghur
11
In 1971, Taiwan
lost the Chinese seat in the UN and UNSC
began regular air and mail crossing over the Taiwan Strait.
gained formal diplomatic recognition from the U.S.
restored "3 links":transportation, commerce, & communication
12
The favored children of Old Guard who inherit power and position:
plenums
princelings
tuanpei
the Shanghai Gang
13
China's current premier is
Hu Jintao
Li Keqiang
Xi Jinping
Jackie Chan
14
All of the following are true regarding the judiciary in China EXCEPT
it has the power of judicial review over government policies.
There is a fairly efficient civil system.
The criminal system is swift and harsh.
There is an increase in the number of lawsuits.
15
Founder of China's Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) and considered the father of modern China:
Deng Xiaopeng
Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi)
Sun Yat-sen (Sun Zhongshan)
Mao Zedong
16
The state sector is plagued by
corruption
too many workers
all of these.
inefficiency
17
China and the USSR were similar in all of the following ways EXCEPT
Leaders used cults of personality to consolidate power
The communist party in both was dominated by workers.
Both experienced long periods of revolutionary struggle
The pre-Revolutionary economies of both = largely ag.
18
1956-57: Mao encouraged intellectuals to offer criticism of national policy, then cracked down!
Great Leap Forward
Hundred Flowers Campaign
Cultural Revolution
May 4th Movement
19
Like the Communist Party Soviet Union, the CCP organized and operated on the basis of (control by the party elite).
dialectical materialism
totalitarianism
democratic centralism
asymmetric federalism
20
Term for connections or relationships; personal ties; access to private goods/services, NOT public
danwei
guanxi
houku
nomenklatura
21
Radicalized youth who served as Mao's shock troops during the Cultural Revolution:
Old Guard
Red Guard
tuanpai
cadres
22
Today, ___ of industrial production in China is privately owned.
1/2
all
3/4
1/4
23
Chinese philosophy that emphasizes hierarchical relationships and responsibilities:
Confucianism
Marxism
Maoism
Taoism
24
All are consequences of economic reforms carried outin China since the early 1980s EXCEPT
a dramatic improvement in the standard of living for most
serious negative environmental consequences
a deeper integration of China into the world economy.
a reduction of income, regional, and gender inequalities.
25
Which organizing principle differentiated the CCP from the Soviet Communist Party?
Democratic centralism
Mass line
Confucianism
Dictatorship of the proletariat
26
The nationwide organization that provides public prosecutors and defenders to Chinese courts:
the National Party Congress
people's procuratorate
the Central Committee
SEPA
27
Which U.S. president formally recognized China in what year?
Jimmy Carter in 1979
None of these
Ronald Reagan in 1984
Richard Nixon in 1972
28
Currently the largest emitter of greenhouse gases:
the U.S.
China
the E.U.
none of these
29
Direct elections in China are held
only at the local level
only when the head of government calls them
for president
every other year
30
Mao favored politically indoctrinated party cadres to technical experts in this:
ethic of struggle
the Long March
the Hundred Flowers Campaign
red vs. expert
31
How did Jiang Zemen and Hu Jintao differ from earlier communist leaders of China?
They were technocrats rather than revolutionaries.
They favored closer ties to the United States and the West.
They favored closer ties to the United States and the West.
They favored economic reforms & a more free market economy.
32
Until Xi got the National People's Congress to drop this stricture in 2018, Chinese presidents
were limited to two 5-yr. terms.
could serve two 4-yr, terms or 10 yrs.
could serve 2 consecutive 6-yr. term+other nonconsecutives.
got one six-year term.
33
Diplomatic sport in the 1970s:
soccer
futbol
none of these
pingpong
34
Commits the CCP to support the rule of law:
Article 6
Mao's little red book
the Communist Manifesto
the Constitution of 1982
35
Which is an important consequence of the one-child family policy for Chinese society?
Greater government protection of reproductive rights
A decline in the income gap between urban/rura families
An increase in the median age
Growing female support for the Chinese Communist Party
36
Represents the military in China's government; head plays an important role in policymaking
CCP
GMD
CMC
KMT
37
Deng Xiaoping radically transformed China by doing all of the following EXCEPT
allowing a substantial foreign investment.
reducing the role of the state in the economy.
bringing in younger, better-educated officials.
allowing the proliferation of opposition parties.
38
Authoritarian party that has ruled China from 1949 to the present:
DPRK
CPSU
PLA
CCP
39
Historic Beijing plaza where the Chinese party-state crushed the 1989 pro-reform demonstration.
Tiananmen Square
The Gate of Heavenly Peace
Zhonggnanhai
Tahrir Square
40
Muslims of Turkish descent in Xinjiang, militants want an independent Islamic state:
Tibetans
Han Chinese
Uyghurs
None of these
41
The most significant ethnically based protest against the Beijing has come from
Tibet
Xinjiang
Hong Kong
Taiwan
42
Ai Wei Wei:
human rights attorney who defends religious minorities
dissident who designed Beijing's bird's nest Olympic stadium
blind lawyer for women forcibly sterilized / forced to abort
winner of the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize; Charter 08
43
Taiwan's biggest trading partner:
the U.S.
Japan
Formosa
China
44
Over 2,000 delegates ; meets every 5 years; "rubber stamp" body:
Politburo
Central Committee
National Party Congress
Central Military Commission
45
China's response to the 2008 global economic crisis:
austerity
Keynesian stimulus
currency devaluation
structural adjustment
46
China's head of government:
president
general secretary
premier
chairman
47
Tibetan spiritual leader who fled to India in 1959 after Tibet's failed uprising against China.
Lao Tse
Confucius
the Buddha
the Dalai Lama
48
Radical movement Mao launched in '66 to regain political control from rivals; resulted in chaos
The Great Leap Forward
The Hundred Flowers Campaign
The Cultural Revolution
The Four Modernizations
49
The term socialist market economy refers to the
mixture of state control & capitalism geared at econ. growth
combo of free mkt in ind. sector and collectivization in ag.
collectivization of the rural economy during the Maoist era.
gradual privatization of state-owned enterprises in China.
50
The National People's Congress and Central Committee in the PRC are
ultimate decision makers in the CCP.
party institutions that decide on ideological policies only.
key political institutions that make all major decisions.
more symbolic than powerful institutions.
51
Under Jiang Zemen, many TVEs were dismantled or restructured because of
none of these
corruption.
floating population.
increased foreign ownership of enterprises in China.
52
A practical mix of authoritarian political control and economic privatization
Household Responsibility System
Deng Xiaoping Theory
houku
Maoism
53
Mao Zedong rose to power during a war for control of China fought by the
KMT (GMD) and Chinese Communists
Communist bloc vs. free world
Chinese Nationalists and Qing Dynasty
Chinese communists vs. Soviet Communists
54
What Americans think Unit 61398 of the PLA does
counterfeiting
black ops
internet hacking
intelligence
55
Site of 2014 peaceful protests and civil disobedience: the umbrella revolution:
Taiwan
Tibet
Hong Kong
Xinjiang
56
Which is accurate regarding the influence of China's geography?
most land is arable -- relatively flat and fertile
poor access to oceans and ice-free ports
few navigable rivers for a country its size
population concentrated in river valley and along coasts
57
Enclaves Deng established in the '80s; gave tax incentives, etc., to lure foreign investment:
SEZs
PLAs
HHRs
TVEs
58
Mao's disastrous '58-59 effort to modernize through localized industrial production and ag. communes.
The May 4th Movement
the Hundred Flowers Campaign
The Great Leap Forward
The Cultural Revolution
59
Which is a key component of economic liberalization in former command economies?
Prohibiting foreign direct investment
Instituting tariffs
Nationalizing privately owned firms
Eliminating price controls
60
The term "iron rice bowl" refers to
collectivization of agriculture
end of state subsidies for industry
state guarantee of job and benefits for workers
policy which forced farmers to grow rice
61
The Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution were
Mao's efforts to differentiate Chinese and Soviet communism.
aimed at achieving econ. dev. through mass mobilization.
economic policies implemented by Deng Xiaoping.
radical uptopian movements Mao launched for ideol. reasons..
62
Registration system that kept masses of people from moving freely from the rural to urban areas.
guanxi
hukou
danwei
HHR
63
China's president, announced at the 12th National People's Congress:
Deng Xiaopeng
Jiang Zemen
Xi Jinping
Hu Jintao
64
Human rights orgs. protest China's use of prisoners or religious dissidents for this:
none of these
organ harvesting
drug testing
human trafficking
65
China executes only 1/4 of # it did in 2002, but that's still __x all the rest of the world.
4 x
50 x
100 x
10 x
66
All of the following are true of China’s One Child Policy EXCEPT
It is coupled with positive & negative sanctions.
It has not been successful in slowing population growth
It resulted in an unequal gender ratio.
The policy's relaxed somewhat in rural areas .