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EBHC Game Pre-Quizzam 1 Flashcards | StudBud
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EBHC Game Pre-Quizzam 1
EBHC Game Pre-Quizzam 1
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Questions
36
Answers
1
Do knowledge scores, skewed distribution, change from before to after a class?
Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
Repeated measures ANOVA
Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA
Wilcoxon signed-rank test
2
We know randomization was successful in creating equivalent groups (no selection bias) if we see that ...
Power was met
P value for the endpoint outcome is significant
Table 1 shows similar baseline characteristics in each group
P value for interaction is NOT significant
3
Which is an active-control design?
Simvastatin+niacin capsule vs. simvastatin+canola oil capsule
Meformin+placebo tablet vs. metformin+simvastatin tablet
Simvastatin+PCSK-9 inhibitor vs. simvastatin+saline injection
Evolocumab+statin tablet vs. alirocumab+statin tablet
4
MI is 6% Drug A, 14% placebo. What is the relative risk reduction?
1 - 0.43=0.57 or a 57% reduction
1 ÷ 0.08 = 12.5, which rounds up to 13 by convention
0.14 - 0.06 = 0.08
6% ÷ 14% = 0.43
5
Which outcome listed below requires adjudication (using decision rules) instead of measurement alone?
LDL-C
Fasting blood glucose
A1C
Death from cardiovascular causes
6
Does median score on a pain scale (0 to 5) significantly change from before to after a pain management class?
McNemar chi square
Mann-Whitney U
Wilcoxon signed-rank test
T-test for paired samples
7
Which measure of central tendency is typically better for skewed distributions, and is often reported with the mean?
Interquartile range
Mean
Mode
Median
8
What is the best description of evidence-based health care? Care should be based on ...
Results of RCTs, observational studies, and case studies
Integration: exam, patient history, clinical expertise, & research evidence
Results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
Integration: exam, patient history, & clinical expertise
9
We know the drug being studied in an RCT works if ...
P value for the endpoint outcome is significant
Power was met
Table 1 shows similar baseline characteristics in each group
P value for interaction is NOT significant
10
Under which circumstance can we use Kaplan-Meier analysis? Assume that observational designs are confounded.
Randomized design, outcome is death at any time post surgery
Randomized design, outcome is time to death post surgery
Observational design, outcome is time to death post surgery
Observational design, outcome is death at any time post surgery
11
We know the effect of a drug is similar in different groups (e.g., older vs. younger, higher vs. lower LDL-C) if ...
P value for interaction is NOT significant
Table 1 shows similar baseline characteristics in each group
Power was met
P value for the endpoint outcome is significant
12
Alpha=0.05, power calculation says 1000 events required for analysis. In which situation is Type 2 error likely?
950 events, p=0.02
1010 events, p=0.07
1010 events, p=0.02
950 events, p=0.07
13
Which is an example of secondary literature about statins?
PubMed listing of articles about statin dosages
Textbook chapter explaining appropriate statin dosages to prevent myalgia
Observational study of myalgia in patients taking statins
Randomized controlled trial of statins to lower LDL-C
14
What is BBB?
Power
Type 2 error probability
Clinically meaningful difference between groups
Alpha
15
Does mean systolic blood pressure significantly differ for Clinics A, B, and C? SBP has a skewed distribution.
Repeated measures ANOVA
Wilcoxon signed-rank test
Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA
Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
16
Which measure of dispersion (variation) is the best for skewed distributions?
Mode
Median
Interquartile range
Mean
17
What is AAA?
Clinically meaningful difference between groups
Power
Alpha
Type 2 error probability
18
Does median score on a pain scale (0 to 5) significantly differ for patients treated with Drug A versus Drug B?
Mann-Whitney U
T-test for paired samples
Wilcoxon signed-rank test
McNemar chi square
19
What is DDD?
Power
Type 2 error probability
Alpha
Clinically meaningful difference between groups
20
In which type of design is a washout period
definitely
needed?
Crossover design
Randomized controlled trial design
Parallel-group design
Cohort design
21
Which multivariate analysis should be used to analyze whether patient experienced an infection at any time in hospital?
Kaplan-Meier analysis
Cox regression analysis
Logistic regression analysis
Linear regression analysis
22
MI is 6% Drug A, 14% placebo. What is the risk ratio, AKA relative risk?
1 ÷ 0.08 = 12.5, which rounds up to 13 by convention
6% ÷ 14% = 0.43
0.14 - 0.06 = 0.08
1 - 0.43=0.57 or a 57% reduction
23
Does student knowledge score (normal distrib.) change over 3 time periods: before didactics, after didactics, NAPLEX?
Wilcoxon signed-rank test
Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA
Repeated measures ANOVA
24
Which is an example of tertiary literature about statins?
PubMed listing of articles about statin dosages
Observational study of myalgia in patients taking statins
Randomized controlled trial of statins to lower LDL-C
Textbook chapter explaining appropriate statin dosages to prevent myalgia
25
MI is 6% Drug A, 14% placebo. What is the absolute risk reduction?
6% ÷ 14% = 0.43
1 - 0.43=0.57 or a 57% reduction
1 ÷ 0.08 = 12.5, which rounds up to 13 by convention
0.14 - 0.06 = 0.08
26
Which outcome can be studied with a crossover design?
New-onset diabetes
Fasting blood glucose
Incident major CVE
Post-operative pain after gall bladder removal
27
Which is an example of primary literature about statins?
Randomized controlled trial of statins to lower LDL-C
Narrative review explaining clinical guidelines
Textbook chapter explaining appropriate statin dosages to prevent myalgia
PubMed listing of articles about statin dosages
28
Does mean A1c significantly differ for Clinics A, B, and C? A1c has a normal distribution.
Wilcoxon signed-rank test
Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
Repeated measures ANOVA
Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA
29
According to NAPLEX, what is the best measure of central tendency for an ordinal scale?
Mode
Interquartile range
Median
Mean
30
Alpha=0.02, power calculation says 1000 subjects required for analysis. In which situation is Type 2 error likely?
1100 subjects, p=0.01
1100 subjects, p=0.04
950 subjects, p=0.01
950 subjects, p=0.04
31
Which multivariate analysis should be used to analyze time to occurrence of first infection during a hospital stay?
Cox regression analysis
Linear regression analysis
Kaplan-Meier analysis
Logistic regression analysis
32
Which is a double-dummy design?
Simvastatin+PCSK-9 inhibitor vs. simvastatin+saline injection
Evolocumab+statin tablet vs. alirocumab+statin tablet
Simvastatin tablet+canola oil capsule vs. niacin capsule+placebo tablet
Meformin+placebo tablet vs. metformin+simvastatin tablet
33
What is the best measure of central tendency for a normal distribution?
Median
Mode
Standard deviation
Mean
34
What is CCC?
Type 2 error probability
Clinically meaningful difference between groups
Power
Alpha
35
MI is 6% Drug A, 14% placebo. What is the number needed to treat?
1 - 0.43=0.57 or a 57% reduction
6% ÷ 14% = 0.43
0.14 - 0.06 = 0.08
1 ÷ 0.08 = 12.5, which rounds up to 13 by convention
36
Which is a crossover design?
Randomize to simvastatin or rosuvastatin, follow for 1 year
Randomize to simvastatin or rosuvastatin, then washout, then switch drugs
Randomize to simvastatin or rosuvastatin, follow until first major CVE
Randomize to statins or placebo, follow for 6 months
