What happens when nuclei in atoms split apart?

energy is released as a result of atomic fission

How is geothermal energy used?

heated water warms buildings or generates electricity

How do microorganisms influence chemical characteristics of soil?

they add organic material to the soil, breaking down plants

Which horizon is primarily responsible for soil's fertility?

Horizon A, it contains the humus and organic nutrients

Which is a disadvantage of solar energy?

solar electricity will make electric bills increase

What could happen to the Earth if a large amount of sediment gets deposited very quickly.

The crust may subside because of the weight of the sediment

What could you do to test the hardness of a mineral?

scratch one sample with another sample

Why is nuclear energy considered to be a nonrenewable energy resource?

fuels, such as uranium, are not replaced in nature quickly

What is a disadvantage of using fossil fuels?

gases released during combustion can form acid rain

Which sequence describes how a product can be made from a geologic resource?

drill into the ground, extract crude oil, make gasoline

What do granite and basalt have in common?

they are kinds of igneous rocks

What most likely will happen to rocks that break down over time?

the pieces may become part of soil

Which of the following explains how fossil fuels form?

buried plant/animal exposed to heat turn into coal, oil, gas

What happens to rock after it becomes sediment and before it becomes sedimentary rock?

deposition, compaction, cementation

Which describes the difference between a rock and a mineral?

rocks can be noncrystalline but minerals are always crystals

dark organic matter formed in soil from decayed plant/animal

What are advantages of using renewable resources?

they come from energy sources that never run out

Coal is a natural resource. Why is coal considered nonrenewable?

Coal is being used faster than it is being produced.

How do animals that burrow into the ground help soil formation?

the loosen the soil, increasing air and ability of drainage

What effect will the rate at which magma cools have on the texture of igneous rock?

the faster magma cools, the smaller the crystals will be

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Unit 2 Fusion Test Review

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Review Questions for the Fusion Earth Science Test.

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Questions 35

Answers

1
What could be the hardness of a mineral that scratches quartz which is a 7 on Mohs hardness.
3.9
7.5
5.2
6.5
2
What happens when nuclei in atoms split apart?
energy is absorbed as a result of atomic fission
energy is released during the combustion of fossil fuels
energy is being stored during formation of fossil fuels
energy is released as a result of atomic fission
3
How is geothermal energy used?
heated water warms buildings or generates electricity
moving water turns a turbine to produce electricity
material is burned to cook food or drive engines
wind turns a turbine that make a generator work
4
A scientist taps on a mineral to see if it breaks in an irregular pattern. What is he testing?
magnetism
hardness
density
fracture
5
How do microorganisms influence chemical characteristics of soil?
they loosen the mix the soil
they add organic material to the soil, breaking down plants
the add moisture to the soil created by pores
they add inorganic material to the soil
6
What term describes volcanic ash falling to Earth's surface?
subsidence
deposition
erosion
weathering
7
Which horizon is primarily responsible for soil's fertility?
Horizon B, it provides stability for roots and strong soils
Horizon C, it gets most of the groundwater for plants
Horizon D, it is parent rock and breaks rock apart for soil
Horizon A, it contains the humus and organic nutrients
8
Which is a disadvantage of solar energy?
air pollution will increase
solar energy might be used up too quickly
solar electricity will make electric bills increase
more water will be required to cool equipment
9
Which natural resource can be produced from corn?
sunlight
alcohol
flowing wind
flowing water
10
What could happen to the Earth if a large amount of sediment gets deposited very quickly.
The crust may subside because of the weight of the sediment
The crust may subside because of the motion of the sediment
The crust may uplift because of the weight of the sediment
The crust may uplift because of the motion of the sediment.
11
What could you do to test the hardness of a mineral?
rub the sample on an unglazed ceramic tile
break it apart
observe it under a microscope
scratch one sample with another sample
12
What is one way petroleum is different from coal?
mining coal does not harm the environment
burning coal can release chemicals into the air
coal forms from plants on land
energy is stored in coal
13
Why is nuclear energy considered to be a nonrenewable energy resource?
fission produces heat that is often released into waterways
fuels, such as uranium, are not replaced in nature quickly
people don't support the use of nuclear energy as a resource
nuclear power plants produce radioactive wastes
14
What is a disadvantage of using fossil fuels?
heat released during combustion can produce electricity
fossil fuels produce tremendous amounts of energy
burning fossil fuels produces radioactive wastes
gases released during combustion can form acid rain
15
Which of these activities requires the use of a material resource?
manufacturing steel
climbing a tall mountain
heating a home
generating an electric current
16
What kind of energy from the heat inside Earth can be used to generate electricity?
solar energy
wind energy
hydroelectric energy
geothermal energy
17
Which sequence describes how a product can be made from a geologic resource?
cutting down a tree, processing wood, building a bookshelf
drill into the ground, extract crude oil, make gasoline
grow strawberries, harvest the crop, make a pie
drill into the ground, install a well, extract water
18
What do granite and basalt have in common?
they are identical in color and texture
they are kinds of igneous rocks
they are not made up of minerals
they are made of layers of sediment
19
What most likely will happen to rocks that break down over time?
the pieces may become part of organic matter in soil
the pieces may become part of ice wedging
the pieces may become part of soil
the pieces may become part of bedrock
20
Which of the following explains how fossil fuels form?
they are made by a human in a factory
buried rock that is exposed to heat turn into coal, oil, gas
buried plant/animal exposed to heat turn into coal, oil, gas
they form as wind and water break down rock
21
Which mineral can form perfect cubes when it is broken?
halite
muscovite
calcite
fluorite
22
A natural resource is any naturally occurring material that is which of the following?
mined from Earth
unlimited in quantity
used by people
left untouched in nature
23
What happens to rock after it becomes sediment and before it becomes sedimentary rock?
weathering
deposition, compaction, cementation
cooling
melting
24
Which of the materials below could be classified as an inexhaustible natural resource?
Water
Sunlight
Trees
Cattle
25
What type of sedimentary rock forms from deposition of sediments?
organic
extrusive
chemical
clastic
26
Which of these phrases defines subsidence?
Earth's crust sinking
Earth's crust shifting sideways
Earth's crust rising
Earth's crust moving in any direction
27
Which describes the difference between a rock and a mineral?
rocks can be inorganic, but minerals are always organic
rocks are solids, but minerals can be solid, liquid, or gass
rocks can be noncrystalline but minerals are always crystals
rocks are naturally occurring, but minerals can be synthetic
28
What is humus?
dark organic matter formed in soil from decayed plant/animal
space between soil particles through which water can move
mixture of rock fragments, organic material, water, air
weathered sediment broken down by Earth's forces
29
What process can turn basalt (igneous rock) into sedimentary rock?
heating and cooling
erosion and deposition
sifting and floating
uplift and subsidence
30
What are advantages of using renewable resources?
they can generate power by burning wastes
they produce large amounts of energy from burning fuels
they come from energy sources that never run out
they increase the amount of greenhouse gasses
31
Coal is a natural resource. Why is coal considered nonrenewable?
Coal will never run out
Coal is being used faster than it is being produced.
No new coal is being produced on Earth
Coal is used to produce energy and not materials
32
What characteristic do diamonds share with all other minerals?
extreme hardness
rarity and high cost
orderly crystal structure
made up of carbon atoms
33
How do animals that burrow into the ground help soil formation?
they erode the soil moving back underneath the ground
the loosen the soil, increasing air and ability of drainage
they weather the soil causing it to break down into pieces
they harden the soil, allowing less water in
34
What effect will the rate at which magma cools have on the texture of igneous rock?
the slower the magma cools, the more foliated it will be
the slower the magma cools the smaller the crystals will be
the faster the magma cools, the more foliated it will be
the faster magma cools, the smaller the crystals will be
35
Which of the following is a direct source of material for the formation of metamorphic rock?
magma
existing rock
clasts
sediments

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