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Soils and the Environment Exam 2 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Soils and the Environment Exam 2 Review
Soils and the Environment Exam 2 Review
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Review for the 2nd exam in PSES 2411
Flashcards
91 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
91
Answers
1
What is the size range of clay?
> 2 mm
<0.002 mm
0.002 to 0.05 mm
0.05 mm to 2 mm
2
A chicken carcass lying on the soil is considered organic matter.
False
True
3
The purity of soil color is...
Value
Munsell
Hue
Chroma
4
"and" is the formative unit for which soil order?
Vertisol
Andisol
Oxisol
Aridisol
5
How will adding organic matter to the surface of a bare soil affect albedo?
It will not be affected
Do you ever just wonder what Meryl Streep is doing at any given time?
It will decrease
It will increase
6
If compaction increases, what will happen to bulk density?
Increase
Decrease
Decrease then increase
Stay the same
7
A lighter soil color indicates...
Higher value
Higher chroma
Lower chroma
Lower value
8
Which of the following is known for having permafrost?
Vertisol
Gelisol
Histisol
Aridisol
9
Capillarity is when water flows...
Up
Down
Left
Right
10
"alf" is the formative unit for which soil order?
Alfisol
Ultisol
Aridisol
Andisol
11
“ox” is the formative unit for which soil order?
Mollisol
Spodosol
Oxisol
Entisol
12
Which structure type has small, rounded peds?
Subangular blocky
Columnar
Massive
Granular
13
Capillarity is more likely to occur in coarse-textured soils than fine-textured soils.
False
True
14
Which of the following is known for forming in an arid environment?
Aridisol
Oxisol
Mollisol
Andisol
15
“ist” is the formative unit for which soil order?
Aridisol
Entisol
Histisol
Inceptisol
16
"od" is the formative unit for which soil order?
Oxisol
Spodosol
Mollisol
Vertisol
17
Through which of the following densities will water move most rapidly?
1.6 g/cm3
1.1 g/cm3
1.55 g/cm3
1.2 g/cm3
18
“oll” is the formative unit for which soil order?
Corollisol
Utisol
Mollisol
Entisol
19
What is the size range of sands?
<0.002 mm
0.002 to 0.05 mm
> 2 mm
0.05 to 2 mm
20
If porosity increases, what happens to bulk density?
Decreases
Stays the same
Increases
Increases then decreases
21
What term is defined as the breakdown of complex compounds into simpler ones?
Precipitation
Dissolution
Decomposition
Assimilation
22
Which of the following coarse fragments is the smallest?
Boulders
Stones
Cobbles
Pebbles
23
Coarse-textured soil generally have higher porosity than fine-textured soils.
False
True
24
What is our state soil series?
Amarillo
Austin
Port
Houston Black
25
What is the correct order of Munsell color notation?
Value chroma/hue
Value hue/chroma
Hue chroma/value
Hue value/chroma
26
Through which of the following structure types will water move most rapidly?
Blocky
Granular
Platy
Columnar
27
Which structure type has equally wide and tall peds with sharp edges?
Subangular blocky
Angular blocky
Prismatic
Columnar
28
The B horizon is colored primarily by...
Organic matter
Iron oxides
Water content
Parent material
29
Soil organic matter promotes aggregate formation.
False
True
30
The dominant spectral wavelength of the soil is...
Chroma
Munsell
Value
Hue
31
Which soil water content is measured by mass of water/mass of soil?
Volumetric water content
Thickness
Gravimetric water content
32
Clay particles have a higher specific surface area than silt particles.
False
True
33
"aquisalids" are found in which soil order?
Spodosol
Ultisol
Aridisol
Andisol
34
A soil with low bearing strength would not make a good foundation for infrastructure.
False
True
35
Which of the following is considered a dynamic property of soil?
Texture
Bulk density
Color
Structure
36
Under average conditions, what % of soil is occupied by air?
75%
25%
10%
50%
37
Soil development progresses faster with warmer temperatures than cooler temperatures.
False
True
38
Concentration of oxygen is higher in the soil than in the atmosphere.
True
False
39
"ustox" is a member of which soil order?
Aridisol
Oxisol
Alfisol
Ustisol
40
Which structure type has peds which are wider than tall?
Platy
Blocky
Prismatic
Granular
41
Which of the following is least likely to maintain aggregate stability?
Fungal growth
Ground cover
Tillage
Organic matter
42
The A horizon is colored primarily by...
Water content
Parent material
Organic matter
Iron oxides
43
A dynamic property can change in a relatively short amount of time.
False
True
44
Under average conditions, what % of soil is occupied by solids?
75%
50%
25%
10%
45
It takes more energy to heat air than water.
False
True
46
A static property can change in a relatively short amount of time.
True
False
47
Hummus is the most stable form of organic matter.
False
True
48
More stable aggregates are more prone to slaking.
True
False
49
“ult" is the formative unit for which soil order?
Spodosol
Mollisol
Inceptisol
Ultisol
50
A ground up leaf is considered organic matter.
False
True
51
Gravitational water is available for plant use.
False
True
52
Wet soil will heat more slowly than dry soil.
False
True
53
Which soil property refers to the water content at which soil will become like a viscous liquid?
Plastic Limit
Liquid Limit
54
Which of the following is known for being very young soils?
Oxisol
Mollisol
Histisol
Entisol
55
The C horizon is colored primarily by...
Iron oxides
Parent material
Organic matter
Manganese oxides
56
Soil with a mulch on the surface will heat more slowly than bare soil.
True
False
57
Water is considered "plant-available" between...
Permanent wilting point and oven-dry
Saturation and field capacity
Field capacity and permanent wilting point
58
How many soil orders are there?
10
12
15
20
59
What direction do the lines for clay content run on the textural triangle?
Horizontally
Upward from right to left
Upward from left to right
Downward from right to left
60
Infiltration will increase when a crust is present.
False
True
61
All of the water in the soil at field capacity is available to plants.
True
False
62
Which of the following is known for having volcanic materials present?
Aridisol
Volcanosol
Andisol
Spodosol
63
Porosity does not have units.
False
True
64
Particle density and bulk density both use oven-dry soil mass.
True
False
65
When soil color is more pure, chroma has...
Increased
Decreased
66
A lighter colored soil will have a ____ albedo than a darker colored soil.
Lower
Higher
67
When soil temperature increases, microbial activity is likely to...
Increase
Decrease
Decrease then increase
Increase then decrease
68
"ent" is the formative unit for which soil order?
Entisol
Histisol
Andisol
Inceptisol
69
Which of the following is not a primary function of soil organic matter?
Retaining of nutrients
Providing the black soil coloring
Providing habitat for soil organisms
Increasing bulk density
70
When all soil pores are filled with water, the soil is at...
Saturation
Panama
Permanent wilting point
Field Capacity
71
Micropores function primarily in movement of water and air.
True
False
72
Water has a lower specific heat capacity than air.
True
False
73
“el” is the formative unit for which soil order?
Entisol
Gelisol
Alfisol
Inceptisol
74
The more compaction a soil has experienced, the higher porosity it will have.
True
False
75
Which term means ease of penetrability of soil by an object?
Consistence
Consistency
76
"udifluvents" are a member of which soil order?
Entisol
Inceptisol
Ultisol
Gelisol
77
“ept” is the formative unit for which soil order?
Ultisol
Gelisol
Vertisol
Inceptisol
78
“ert” is the formative unit for which soil order?
Entisol
Inceptisol
Histosol
Vertisol
79
Concentration of carbon dioxide is higher in the soil than in the atmosphere.
False
True
80
The units of bulk density and porosity are the same.
True
False
81
Which of the following terms refers to aggregate break-down when suddenly submerged in water?
Consistency
Permeability
Hydraulic conductivity
Slaking
82
“id” is the formative unit for which soil order?
Spodosol
Mollisols
Cambidisol
Aridisol
83
The lightness and darkness of the soil color is...
Hue
Munsell
Chroma
Value
84
Soil orders are the most exclusive (most specific) of the taxonomic levels.
True
False
85
Soil biology appears on this exam.
False
True
86
Smaller pores will result in lower capillarity.
False
True
87
Which of the following is known for possessing a "spodic" horizon?
Alfisol
Mollisol
Spodosol
Inceptisol
88
When the soil is saturated, what is the assumed % of air present?
100%
10%
25%
0%
89
The portion of radiation which is reflected by the soil is...
Absorbed
Albedo
Conducted
Intercepted
90
Sand, silt, and clay are part of the organic fraction.
True
False
91
Which of the following will take the longest to decompose
Lignin
Sugar
Oils
Fats
