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A Level Business Formulas Flashcards | StudBud
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A Level Business Formulas
A Level Business Formulas
41 terms
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Answers
1
Labour Turnover (%)
staff leaving x 100
(number of staff leaving/average number of staff employed) x 100
(number of staff leaving x number of staff employed) / 100
staff left/possible working days
2
Payback Period (unit)
(outstanding balance / next years net cash fow) x 12
(net cash flow/ outstanding balance) x 12
(net cash flow/ outstanding balance) x 100
(outstanding balance / next years net cash fow) x 100
3
Break-even (output in units)
fixed costs / total contribution
variable costs / contribution per unit
fixed costs / contirbution per unit
variable costs / total contribution
4
Net Cash Flow (£)
total inflows - total outflows
total outflows - total inflows
total outflows + total inflows
total inflows + total outflows
5
Contribution Per Unit (£)
fixed costs + variable costs per unit
selling price x variable costs per unit
selling price - variable costs per unit
selling price per unit x units sold
6
Profit (£)
Fixed costs - variable costs
Total revenue x quantity sold
Units sold - cost of goods sold
Total revenue - Total costs
7
Margin of Safety (unit)
actual output - break-even output
break-even output - actual output
8
Capacity Utilisation (%)
output/(capacity x 100)
(change in output/maximum) x 100
(capacity - actual)/capacity x 100
(actual output/maximum output) x 100
9
Lead Time (unit)
maximum - minimum stock level
maximum - point of restock
reorder level - point of restock
restock - order point
10
Income Elasticity of Demand (YED)
% change in quantity supplied / % change in income
% change in quantity demanded / % change in price
% change in quantity demanded / % change in income
% change in quantity supplied / % change in price
11
Market Size (unit)
number of sales in industry x selling price
firm sales - industry sales
total firm sales / total industry sales
number of firm sales x selling price
12
Gearing Ratio (%)
(net profit / initial investment) x 100
(non-current liabilities / initial investment) x 100
(current liabilities / capital employed) x 100
(non-current liabilities / capital employed) x 100
13
Added Value (£)
value of output - costs of input
cost of goods x units sold
cost of materials - variable costs
selling price - cost of raw materials
14
Current Ratio (:1)
(current assets - stock) / current liabilities
current assets / current liabilities
current liabilities - current assets
current liabilities / current assets
15
Labour Productivity (unit)
output / staff employed
output / input
input / output
staff employed / output
16
Reorder quantity (unit)
between the minimum and 0
minimum + maximum stock level
maximum - minimum stock level
between maximum and 0
17
Capital Employed (£)
equity - profit
net assets - fixed iabilities
equity + gross profit
shareholder's funds + long-term liabilities
18
Float Time (unit)
LFT of activity + duration + EST of previous activity
EST of activity - duration - LFT of next activity
EST of activity + duration + EST of next activity
LFT of activity - duration - EST of previous activity
19
Net Profit Margin (%)
(net profit / revenue) x 100
(gross profit x revenue) x 100
(net profit x revenue) x 100
(gross profit / revenue) x 100
20
Buffer Stock
between maximum and minimum stock level
time it takes to reorder
between minimum level and 0
time taken to use stock
21
Gross Profit (£)
revenue - cost of goods sold
revenue - expenses
total revenue - total costs
revenue + cost of goods sold
22
Return on Capital Employed (%)
(net profit/initial investment) x 100
(initial investment/capital employed) x 100
(gross profit/capital employed) x 100
(net profit/capital employed) x 100
23
Profitability (£)
chance of failure x return on investment
chance of success / return on investment
chance of failure / return on investment
chance of success x return on investment
24
Gross Profit Margin (%)
(net profit / revenue) x 100
(gross profit / revenue) x 100
((gross profit - expenses) / revenue) x 100
(gross profit x revenue) x 100
25
Net Current Assets or Working Capital (£)
fixed assets - fixed liailities
current assets + current liabilities
current assets - current liabilities
current assets - fixed assets
26
Average Rate of Return (%)
(average accounting profit / capital employed) x 100
(average annual accounting profit / initial investment) x 100
(initial investment / profit) x 100
(profit/reenue) x 100
27
Variance (£)
budgeted - actual
actual -budgeted
28
Net Present Value (£)
((net cash flowxdiscount factor)+present value for other years)-investment
(net cash flow x discount factor) - investment
investment - (net cash flow x discount factor)
net present value - investment
29
Market Share (%)
(industry sales / firm sales) x 100
(total firm sales / total industry sales) x 100
30
Total Contribution (£)
fixed costs - contribution per unit
contirbution per unit - variable costs per unit
contribution per unit x units sold
variable costs per unit x units sold
31
Total Revenue (£)
selling price x units sold
units sold x cost per unit
selling price - cost of goods
units sold + expenses
32
Total Costs (£)
fixed + variable costs
fixed - variable costs
33
Labour Absenteeism (%)
(number of staff absent / total staff days worked) x 100
(staff days worked / staff emplyed) x 100
(staff employed / staff absent) x 100
(number of staff absent / number of employees) x 100
34
Price Elasticity of Demand (PED)
% change in quantity demanded / % change in price
% change in quantity supplied / % change in income
% change in quantity supplied / % change in price
% change in quantity demanded / % change in income
35
3 Point Moving Average
(month b + c + d) / 3
(month a + c + e) / 3
(month a + b + c) / 3
(month a - b - c) / 3
36
Acid Test Ratio (:1)
(current liabilities - stock) / current assests
(current assets - stock) / current liabilities
current liabilities - current assests
current liabilities / current assets
37
Net Profit (£)
revenue x units sold
revenue - rent
gross profit - revenue
total revenue - total expenses
38
Earliest Start Time (unit)
EST of next activity - duration
EST of previous activity + duration
EST of previous activity - duration
EST of next activity + duration
39
Depreciation (£ per year)
residual value / useful life
(historical cost + residual value) / useful life
historical cost / useful life
(historical cost - residual value) / useful life
40
Net Assets (£)
(current - short-term liabilities) - (fixed - ongoing assets)
(fixed + current assests)-(fixed + short-term liabilities)
total assets + total liabilities - profit
current assets - liabilities
41
Latest Finish Time (unit)
EST of next activity - duration
LFT of previous activity + duration
LFT of next activity - duration
EST of previous activity + duration
