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APWH Full Review
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#history #APWH
Flashcards
130 cards
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Questions
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1
Compaired to the Viets, the Chinese were more
Agrarian
Ethnically diverse
Urbanized
Interested in trade
2
The early civilization with the least-developed technology was
Sumerian
Harrapan
Egyptian
Mesoamerican
3
All of the following describe the Scientific Revolution EXCEPT that
It described the nature of the universe
It was modeled on Chinese philosophy
It emphasized the value of research
4
The nation that rose in power during World War I but declined in power during World War II was
Russia
Ottoman Empire
Great Britain
Japan
5
Muhammad
Made provisions for the future leadership of Islam
Established clear class distinctions for Islamic society
Built on the religious traditions of the Arabian Peninsula
6
The European union
Doesn't adjust tariffs outside the European community
Has the same basic purpose as NAFTA
Established a currency used by all its members
Originated with Great Britain
7
During the classical period, Africa
Was cut off from global trade patterns
Lost contact with classical civilizations
Saw new technology used in trans-Saharan travel
Repelled Christian missionary efforts
8
World trade during 1750 to 1914
Benefited western colonial powers
Strengthened Latin America's trade position
Brought greater prosperity to Chinatown than to the west
Decreased the economic power of the west
9
All of the following Chinese traditions and achievements began under the Han dynasty EXCEPT
Confucian philosophy
Paper manufacture
Expansion into central Asia
The civil service exam
10
Early societies of South America
Built upon Mesoamerican cultural traditions
Traded widely with regions to their north
Was challenged by geographic limitations
Developed societies that had no knowledge of metals
11
Silk road trade
Florished despite constant interferences from nomadic tribes
Bypassed Mesopotamia
Established links between the empires of Han China and Rome
Was confined to land routes across Asia
12
New scientific and artistic expressions in the west in the 19th century
Created new frontiers in physics
Supported traditional beliefs
Relied on reason in literacy expression
13
The area in which Islam showed the most change during the 7th to the 15th centuries was in
The status of slaves
It's treatment toward People of the Book
The development of the shariah
The role of women
14
Compared to the Spanish Empire, that of the Portuguese
Developed a more egalitarian society
Was more global in its extent
Developed a better relationship with Indian inhabitants
Was less influenced by the Roman Catholic Church
15
Attempts to save the Roman empire from ruin included
The division of the latifundia
The emancipation of Roman slaves
The establishment of a new capital in the eastern empire
16
Mercantilism
Encouraged the importation of foreign goods
Supported free trade
Sparked further rivalries among European nations
Brought long-term prosperity to Europe
17
The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment
Both held that reason could be used to improve humanity
Broke completely with classical traditions
Were global movements
18
The Protestant Reformation
Strengthened the authority of the papacy
Spread due to advances in Chinese and European technology
Diminished the achievements of the Commercial Revolution
Became the basis of Enlightenment thought
19
The Eastern portion of the Roman empire
Successfully restored the boundaries of the Western empire
Was a center of trade, art, and architecture
Competed with the Parthians and Sassanids for trade
Didn't experience pressure from invaders
20
Under Mongol rule in China
Chinese educational traditions were maintained
Chinese women were placed in a more subordinate position
Japan and Vietnam were brought under Mongol control
Chinese regional rulers were allowed to govern
21
Both Hinduism and Buddhism
Revered women
Supported the caste system
Became increasingly popular in India
None of the above
22
The 15th century was characterized by
The decentralization of political power in Spain
The strengthening of nation-states in England and France
The beginning of nation-states in Italy and Germany
23
Earliest civilizations in both the Eastern and Western hemispheres were similar in
Their location at similar latitudes
Their reliance on the flooding of major rivers
Their practice of polytheism
Their technological knowledge
24
Shang China
Was less urbanized than the Nile Valley civilization
Was prevented by natural barriers from trading
Contributed to the development of China's central government
Left no decipherable written records
25
Both the Protestant Reformation and the Enlightenment
Relied on reason over faith
Questioned political authority
Upheld church traditions
Lowered the status of women
26
Egyptian trade
Improved as a result of Muhammad Ali's policies
Didn't suffer from competition with Europe
Weakend after the opening of the Suez Canal
Was dependent on the exportation of a single crop
27
The period of greatest population decline in Europe during the Middle Ages was
The 10th to 13th centuries
The 14th century
The 5th and 6th centuries
The 15th century
28
As a new faith, Islam gained strength
First in Mecca, then throughout the Arabian peninsula
Within portions of the former Roman Empire
Because of rules of succession
29
The Indus Valley civilization
Relied heavily on communal planning
Was isolated from other River Valley civilizations
Is the best studied through it's written records
Declined after the arrival of Aryan invaders
30
Which of the following leaders would have agreed most with the policies of Benito Mussolini?
V. I. Lenin
Fidel Castro
Juan Peron
Nikita Khrushchev
31
One of the weaknesses of the early Muslim empires was
Indifference to the Sunni and Shi'ite split
Disregard for the cultural traditions of conquered peoples
Failure to resolve questions of succession
Insistance on conversion of non-Arabs within the empire
32
During the Gupta dynasty
Slavery increased
Arabic numerals originated in India
The government of India became more centralized
Hinduism and Buddhism became the official religions of India
33
Buddhism
Was the adopted faith of Gupta rulers
Changed to teach that common people could reach nirvana
Opposed Confucian ideals of patriarchal families
34
The trans-Atlantic slave trade
Carried more women than men
carried the majority of slaves to North America
Increased after the establishment of sugar plantations
35
Nationalism
Delayed the unification of both Italy and Germany
Eased tensions within Austrian Empire
Served as both a unifying and a divisive force
Brought tolerance for diversity within the Russian Empire
36
The influence of nomadic peoples in Eurasia
Created a relationship between nomads and settled peoples
Brought efficient administration to Eurasia
Ended with the Mongols
Delayed the interaction of global commercial networks
37
Common to most early industrial nations was the development of
Unions
Railroads
Zaibatsu
Steel manufacturing
38
The declining years of Han China and the Roman empire shared all of the following EXCEPT
Epidemic disease
Attack by powerful neighboring states
Unequal land distribution
Poor harvests
39
East Asian nations are noted for the export of all of the following products EXCEPT
Heavy industry
Automobiles
Textiles
Films
40
The Mughal empire
Produced art and architecture that reflected syncretism
Failed to ease tensions between Hindus and Muslims in India
Controlled the entire Indian subcontinent
41
The Persians
Were noted for their harsh treatment toward conquered people
Introduced a religion similar to the structure of Hinduism
Failed to establish a unified empire
Continued the traditions of ancient Mesopotamia
42
Compared to the trans-Atlantic slave trade, that of eastern Africa
Didn't involve central Africa
acquired slaves from coastal areas only
Also involved the plantation system
Involved only European nations
43
The position of Chinese women
Was defined by Confucianism
Was more restrictive under the Tang than under the Song
Changed markedly between the 7th and 13th centuries
Resulted in greater freedoms under Neo-Confucianism
44
The Five Pillars
Are included in the Quran
Are inattentive to distinctions in social class
Provide unity within Islam
45
Among the common migration patterns in the 19th century was
migration from Latin America to Mediterranean Europe
middle-class migration from countryside to city
Migration for religious reasons
The discontinuation of shelter colonies
46
The Ottoman Empire
Resisted economic reforms
Supported policies that benefited local artisans
Refused to accept foreign loans
Saw trade between non-Muslims and European merchants
47
Daoism and Confucianism
Based their teachings on Chinese traditions
Disagreed on the need for personal reflection
Taught that political involvement was essential to a society
Agreed on the importance of education
48
Within Africa, the slave trade
Increased African dependence on European nations
Decreased the value of women slaves
Promoted unity amoung African kingdoms
Had little effect on central African kingdoms
49
During the period of the late Roman empire, Christianity
Experienced a change in its official status
Declined in numbers because of persecutions
Became less organized as the empire fell
Appealed primarily to elite classes
50
Both the Aztecs and Incas
Integrated conquered peoples into their empire
Built on the traditions of their predecessors
Allowed women a significant role in public life
Were originally nomadic people
51
Both the Mexican revolts of 1821 and 1910
Ended in the immediate establishment of a republic
Involved resistance to foreign influence
We're initially Creol-backed movements
52
As a result of hemispheric trade between 1450 and 1750
The entire globe was linked by numerous active trade routes
The work of African artisans found new markets
European wealth and commercial dominance increased
53
The Columbian exchange
Created both positive and adverse effects on population
Drew the world's oceans into an active trade network
Improved the nutrition of American indigenous peoples
Didn't involve Africa
54
Results of cultural diffusion among early civilizations included
The cultivation of potatoes
The legend of Quetzalcoatl
The invention of the wheel
Harappan sewage systems
55
Population patterns in the 19 century
Showed growth restricted to the Western world
Were affected by the Columbian exchange of the last period
Showed decline in east Asia and growth in Western Europe
showed limited growth among working classes
56
The decline of Han China
Sae the end of Chinese established traditions
Resulted in the decline of Buddhism in China
Like Rome, saw invaders permanently dominate the empire
Saw Daoism, rather than Confucianism, gaining popularity
57
Japan's greatest challenge to industrialize was
Continued presense of the shogunate
It's geography
Competition between the government and the zaibatsu
Lack of government cooperation
58
Christianity
Taught the forgiveness of sins through faith in Jesus
Was not a missionary religion
Remained a religion of the Roman empire
Failed to utilize the public works of the Roman empire
59
The end of the trans-Atlantic slave trade
Received widespread support of African kings
Occurred about the time of the emancipation of Russian surfs
Was resisted by Great Britain
Began with Brazil
60
Medieval Europe
Produced urban areas that rivaled those of European empires
Developed banking institutions from multicultural contacts
Extended to local schools found on the manor
Saw the rise of universities
61
Inthe early years of industrial development
Spouses were given more opportunities to work together
British woman lost jobs in domestic manufacturing
Women in Japan emerged from traditional roles
Married woman had more opportunities for clerical jobs
62
The key patterns of migration in the 20th and 21st centuries has been
From rural to urban areas
From war-torn areas to those at peace
From urban to rural areas
From developing to developed nations
63
The English and French engaged in rivalries over territory in
China
North Africa
East Africa
Indonesia
64
Michael Gorbachev allowed all of the following EXCEPT
Private land ownership
Democratic government
Discussion of government policies
The protection of consumer goods
65
The Netherlands established commercial/colonial interests in all of the following areas EXCEPT
Western Africa
North America
Japan
Southern Africa
66
The position of the Chinese scholar-gentry
Was admired by the Vietnamese
Was mimicked by the Japanese
Weekend efforts to curb nomadic invasions
Declined during the Song Dynasty
67
African kingdoms in the period from 1450 to 1750
Frequently enslaved their own people
Like the Chinese, weren't interested in European trade goods
Participated in slave trade before the arrival of Europeans
Featured monarchs ruled without advisers
68
In contrast to the period following World War II
Disregarded the Soviet war effort
Saw inmediate independence for Europe's African colonies
Didn't produce a single defining peace treaty
69
Enlightenment thought
Resulted in harsher punishments for criminals
Treated children as miniature adults
Resembled renaissance thought
Wasn't embraced by the woman's movement
70
The American and the French revolutions were alike in all of the following ways EXCEPT
They both brought increased political power for women
They produced documents that defined similar natural rights
They were prompted by issues of taxation
71
Interactions between Muslims and Europeans during the 1600's are most commonly found in the
Atlantic ocean
Pacific ocean
Arctic Ocean
Indian Ocean
72
Hinduism
Addressed the consequences of one's behavior
Gained little acceptance outside India
Offered no hope from members of lower castes
Was based on traditions of the Harappan civilization
73
By the 21st century, almost all women across the globe
Were allowed to serve in combat in the Armed Forces
Had been granted the right to vote
Were granted educational opportunities equal to men
Were freed from traditional home making roles
74
Trade among the peoples of the Americas
United the Chimor and Inca people
Was most similar in the Aztec and Toltec societies
Was facilitated in the Andes by geography
Remained local
75
European exploration through the mid-15th century
Depended upon the knowledge of the eastern world
Placed merchants in conflict with monarchs
Suffered from a lack of technological expertise
Produced intense rivalries with East Asian civilizations
76
South Africa
Became an egalitarian society under Dutch rule
Saw the beginnings of racial divisions during colonial rule
Saw British enslavement of native peoples
77
An example of diffusion rather than independent invention is the
Mayan concept of zero as a place holder
Cultivation of the banana in southeast Asia
Sumerian use of the wheel
Origin of the Greek alphabet
78
Under both the Han and Roman empires
All of the above
Imperial roads were connected to the Silk Roads
A time of peace settled over both empires
New territories were added to the empire
79
All of the following are true of communism after World War II EXCEPT that
It spread to largely agricultural regions
It created a pause in the civil war in China
It produced a division of Korea
European countries were subjected to Soviet occupation
80
The Protestant and Catholic reformations were like in there
Reliance on church councils
Abandonment of church traditions
Emphasis on education
Views towards papal authority
81
Which of the following was NOT true concerning the Green Revolution?
It reinforced class distinctions
It was highly ineffective in increasing agricultural yeilds
It disseminated pollutants
It was an expensive solution to crop improvements
82
The nation-state
Promoted harmony among Europeans
Was embraced by the Ottoman empire
Was incompatible with absolute monarchies
Arose in Europe because of its diversity of cultural groups
83
Which of the following was NOT used first during World War I?
Airplanes
Tanks
Radar
Dirigibles
84
Early urban dwellers
Were dominated by people in agricultural settlements
Saw the need for a government
Left the religious practices to agricultural peoples
Were offered few chances to carry out specialized tasks
85
Industrial revolution in Great Britain
Followed a similar revolution in the US
Initiated an interest in global trade
Was facilitated because of the enclosure movement
Received little government support
86
The natives of North America
Build empires on the scale of those of Mesoamerica
Used architectural designs similar to those of Mesoamerica
Established tribute empires
87
The end of the 20th century saw
Ethnic conflict in Russia and in Africa
A general decline in democracy throughout Latin America
The resolution of the problems of Palestinian refugees
Increased economic prosperity for Japan
88
The Brazilian independence movement
Involved a prolonged struggle with Portugal
Produced a republic for Brazil
Resulted in the abolition of slavery
Was the result of the Napoleonic Wars
89
Lenin's New Economic Policy
Established collective farming
Allowed some elements of capitalism
Resulted in decreased agricultural production
Forbade the ownership of private property
90
Economic imperialism
Led to industrialization of Latin America
Led to colonial dependence upon industrialized nations
Didn't lead to direct political control over new territories
Was the most common imperialist model in Africa
91
Spain didn't participate in World War II because
It had just endured a civil war
It feared Communist domination
Its republican governmen feared a Fascist coup
It was still recovering financially from World War I
92
The declining years of the Qing dynasty saw
The end of the opium trade
The long-term acceptance of the self-strengthening movement
The influence of foreign nations
Invasion by nomadic people north of the Great Wall
93
The rule of classical India included
Aryan agricultural knowledge
The egalitarian Aryan society
The Aryan writing language
Vedic traditional literature
94
The agricultural revolution
occurred about the same time throughout the world
Saw the use of agricultural methods that inspired migration
was an abrupt process beginning in 8000 BCE
began with an extensive pattern of cultural diffusion
95
The Egyptian civilization was similar to the Sumerian civilization in
Its extent to which its culture was diffused
Its system of social stratification
Its political structure
Its reliance on natural defense barriers
96
Indian Ocean trade
Linked all areas of the Indian Ocean basin except Africa
Declined with the fall of classical empires
Failed to establish connections with land routes
Saw mariners use the geographic forces of the Indian Ocean
97
Aztec and Inca religions
Reflected the agrarian nature of their respective societies
Stressed a personal relationship with their gods
Restricted the worship of subject peoples
Placed women in a subordinate position
98
The impact of regional trade on global trade in the 20th century was especially noticeable
On plantations during the imperialist age
After the establishment of NAFTA
During the revolution in Chiapas, Mexico
Before and during the Great Depression
99
20th century intentions and accomplishments
Popularized radio, especially in Europe
Did nothing to improve household chores
Were sometimes detrimental to the quality of life
100
The Aztec and Inca civilizations differed most significantly in their
System of recordkeeping
Technological skill
Social structure
Religious institutions
101
The Renaissance
What is a movement of uniquely Western origins
Was a result of the crusades
Represented a complete break from medieval traditions
Began in the Eastern Roman empire
102
The Allied policy toward Hitler in the 1930's can best be described as one of
Containment
Confrontation
Indifference
Appeasement
103
The Neolithic age
Produced societlies without class distinctions
Saw agriculture carried out without the use of metal tools
Saw a decline in global populations
Saw the beginnings of urbanization
104
Latin American trade
Decreased after the 1820s
Relied on exports of manufactured goods
Relied on the increased slave trade of the late 19th century
Caused great Britain to support the Monroe doctrine
105
Confucianism and early Buddhism
Did not believe that their founders were gods
Included a belief in nirvana
Emphasized the importance of effective government
Became the dominant philosophy of their respective regions
106
Early medieval Europe's strongest state was
France
England
The Holy Roman Empire
The Papal States
107
As a result of the Opium War
The Chinese silver supply was restored
Great Britain acquired Hong Kong
The importation of opium to China increased
The Qing dynasty over took to Ming
108
World War I was considered a global conflict because
Warring powers held colonies that participated in the war
It involved battles on every continent
It was fought in both European and Pacific theaters
109
The Abbasid dynasty
Healed the rift between Sunnis and Shi'ites
Proved the high point of Muslim cultural achievement
Creates a social rift between Arabs and new converts
110
Colonialism in India
Was facilitated by the breakup of the Mughal Empire
Brought an end to tensions between Muslim and Hindus
Decreased nationalist feelings among Indians
111
The nation that saw a consistent rise in global influence during both world wars was
Germany
China
United States
France
112
The decline of Gupta India
Occurred without pressure from invading peoples
Didn't result in the fragmentation of the country
Resulted in the decline of traditional Indian culture
Saw the increased power of local princes
113
Industrialization in Egypt
Gave new freedoms to lower classes
Decreased Egypt's dependency on the west
Was accomplished without government support
Resulted from disharmony in the Muslim world
114
Russia's role in the 20th- century global conflicts included all of the following EXCEPT
An ethnic-based alliance with Serbia
Participation in the formation of the League of Nations
Creating opportunities for postwar influence on Europe
115
The French Revolution of 1789 and the Chinese revolt of 1911 were alike in that
They ended immediately in a dictatorship
They weren't Nationalist independence movements
They were initiated by the lower classes
They failed to achieve their goals
116
Sugar plantations
Were the ultimate destination of the first Portuguese slaves
Especially valued slaves from Western Africa
Were initially founded in the Caribbean
117
From the time of the Roman Republic to the Pax Romana
Rome became increasingly democratic
Roman citizenship became increasingly rare
The territory of Rome continued to expand
Roman civilization became increasingly weaker
118
When the Portuguese first became involved in the slave trade
They were interested primarily in gold and spices
They were amazed at the poverty of African kingdoms
They were on interested in Christianizing African peoples
They created the African slave trade
119
Which of the American peoples was closest to the Persians in their administrative style?
The Aztecs
The Incas
The Mississippians
The Mayas
120
The Black Death
Originated in Europe
Was most devastating in north Africa
Changed the course of political institutions
Spread solely along routes of Mongol conquest
121
Greek society
Was unified by the geography of the Greek peninsula
Was disrupted by the conquest of Alexander
Was extended through overseas colonization
Extended the democratic ideal by relying on free labor alone
122
The world's most populous democracy is
The US
Great Britain
India
Canada
123
The Communist ruler whose economic policies were most like those of Lenin was
Deng Xiaoping
Jiang Jieshi
Joseph Stalin
Mao Zedong
124
An example of Cold War brinkmanship is found in
The Iran-Iraq War
The Arabian-Israeli War
The Cuban Missle Crisis
The Cultural Revolution
125
The African slave trade
Was limited to the Atlantic ocean
Had no ties to Middle Eastern trade
Was abolished by the Dutch in southern Africa
Was frequently the result of African rivalries
126
Japanese feudalism
United peasants and elite classes
Revolve around the power of the samurai as warlords
Brought a temporary end to internal conflicts
Saw the beginnings of a centralized Japan
127
The Ottoman empire
Unlike the Mughal empire, was not a gun powder empire
Was unsuccessful in controlling European territory
Weakend because its technology fell behind that of Europe
Reached its height around 1750
128
European explorations
Were dependent on European technological innovation
Promoted harmony among the nations of Europe
Sought to break established trade monopolies
Concentrated on the Americas
129
During the agricultural revolution, women
Observed and studied the agricultural environment
Weren't represented in neolithic art
Experienced a decrease in status
Participated in hunting activities with men
130
During the middle ages, the concept of limited government with the most clearly in
France
Italy
Germany
England
