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Peds Final Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Peds Final Review
Peds Final Review
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1
A nurse suspects that the child with a rash has erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) based on which assessment finding?
A highly pruritic, profuse macule-to-papule rash on the trunk
A discrete rose-pink maculopapular rash on the trunk
A discrete pinkish-red maculopapular rash on the arms and trunk
Erythema on the face, giving a "slapped cheeks" appearance
2
8 yo w/asthma had trouble breathing last night & does not want to go to school, what question do you ask
initially
?
"Did your child have a temp last night of greater than 100° F (37.8° C)?"
"Is your child having trouble breathing now?"
"Does your child have a productive cough?"
"Is your child crying and irritable?"
3
a 4-mo-old infant, comes in for immunizations. The nurse would prepare to administer which immunizations to this infant?
MMR, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), DTaP
DTaP, Hib, IPV, pneumococcal vaccine (PCV), rotavirus vaccine (RV)
DTaP; MMR ; IPV
Varicella, hepatitis B vaccine (HepB)
4
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with hydrocephalus. Which would the nurse anticipate as being the cause?
Enlarged foramen of Monro
Increased number of arachnoid villi
Closure of cranial sutures
Small aqueduct of Sylvius
5
The nurse suspects pyloric stenosis and asks the parent which assessment question to elicit data for this condition?
"Does the infant suddenly become pale, cry, and draw legs up to the chest?"
"Are the stools ribbon-like, and is the infant eating poorly?"
"Does infant cry loudly and continuously during pm hours but nurses well
"Does vomit contain sour, undigested food w/o bile, is infant constipated?"
6
Child with rubeola admitted to hospital. In preparing for admission the RN would place the child on what precautions?
Enteric
Neutropenic
Airborne
Protective
7
The home health RN visits child with infectious mononucleosis. Which instruction would the nurse give to the parents?
Notify the PHCP if the child develops abdominal pain or left shoulder pain.
Notify the primary health care provider if the child develops a fever.
Maintain respiratory precautions for 1 week.
Maintain the child on bed rest for 2 weeks.
8
child complaining of colicky abd pain located in lower right quadrant of the abd. The nurse suspects what disorder?
Hirschsprung's disease
Appendicitis
Intussusception
Peritonitis
9
A child receiving hepatitis B vaccine 2nd dose. What substance would the nurse ask about a severe allergy to?
Penicillin
A previous dose of hepatitis B vaccine or component
Eggs
Sulfonamides
10
a child pertussis who in convalescent stage will be discharged. Which statement indicates
a need for further instruction
"We need to maintain droplet prec & a quiet environment for at least 2 wks.
"Vomiting may occur when our child has coughing episodes."
"We need to encourage our child to drink fluids."
"Coughing spells may be triggered by dust or smoke."
11
infant client with tetralogy of Fallot who is experiencing a hypercyanotic spell, what actions does the nurse take? SATA
Administer fluids intravenously.
Administer morphine sulfate as prescribed.
Place the infant in a knee-chest position.
Document the occurrence, actions taken, and the infant's response.
Administer 100% oxygen.
Allow the child to watch TV
12
Child diagnosed w/Reye's syndrome. The RN creates a CP for the child & would include which intervention in the plan?
Providing a quiet atmosphere with dimmed lighting
Assessing hearing loss
Changing body position every 2 hours
Monitoring urine output
13
Child w/ laryngotracheobronchitis in a cool mist tent is scared, crying & trying to climb out. What is best action by RN
Call the provider and obtain a prescription for a mild sedative.
Tell the parents that the child must stay in the tent.
Place a toy in the tent to make the child feel more comfortable.
Let one parent hold child and direct the cool mist over the child's face.
14
Which nursing actions apply to the care of a child who is having a seizure?
Select all that apply.
Place the child in a lateral side-lying position.
Restrain the child.
Loosen clothing around the child's neck.
Stay with the child.
Time the seizure.
Insert an oral airway.
15
Which statement is most descriptive of pediatric family-centered care
It reduces the effect of cultural diversity on the family
It recognizes that family is the constant in a child's life
It avoids families to be part of the decision-making process
It encourages family dependence on the on the health care system
16
Infant w/hydrocephalus is scheduled for surgery. Which is the
priority
nursing intervention in the preoperative period?
Reposition the infant frequently.
Provide a stimulating environment.
Test the urine for protein.
Assess blood pressure every 15 minutes.
17
provider prescribes patching for a child with strabismus of right eye, What instructions would the nurse give the parent
Place the patch on both eyes.
Place the patch on the left eye.
Alternate the patch from the right to the left eye hourly.
Place the patch on the right eye.
18
After (DTaP) vaccine, parent calls to report infant developed swelling & redness at site. What does the nurse suggest?
Apply a cold pack to the injection site.
Monitor the infant for a fever.
Apply a hot pack to the injection site.
Bring the infant back to the clinic.
19
Child is exhibiting an inability to flex leg when the thigh is flexed anteriorly at hip. What condition is suspected?
Intracranial bleeding
Meningitis
Spinal cord injury
Decreased cerebral blood flow
20
The RN caring for an infant with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis. In which position would the nurse place the infant?
Trendelenburg's, at a 60-degree angle with pelvis higher than head
Head and chest at a 30-degree angle with the neck slightly extended
Prone with the head of the bed elevated 15 degrees
Supine, side-lying position with the arms elevated
21
newborn with (myelomeningocele) scheduled for surgical closure of the sac. In preop, which is the priority problem?
Infection
Delayed growth and development
Choking
Inability to tolerate stimulation
22
a child with Kawasaki disease has been experiencing a fever, which other manifestations would the nurse expect? SATA
Koplik spots
Bilateral conjunctival erythema
Strawberry tongue
Erythema and peeling of the palms and soles of the feet
Two cervical lymph nodes measuring 2 centimeters
23
A 1mo infant's parent expresses concern because one eye appears to be crossed. What is the nurse's
best
response?
"This is normal in the young infant, it will go away by age 4 months
The infant will probably need surgery."
"It requires monitoring because the other eye may do the same thing."
This condition is probably permanent."
24
Giving discharge instructions to parents of a child dx with celiac disease. What aspect of care will the nurse focus on?
Restricting activity
Following a lactose-free diet
Following a gluten-free diet
Giving medication to manage the condition
25
After a fall, a 5 yo is assessed for increased intracranial pressure. Which is a
late
sign of increased ICP?
Irritability
Nausea
Bradycardia
Headache
26
A child tentatively diagnosed with rheumatic fever. The nurse interprets the dx is consistent with which lab results
Decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Negative result on C-reactive protein determination
Negative result on antinuclear antibody assay
Elevated antistreptolysin O titer
27
A nurse is caring for a 5 yo who has been placed in traction for a fractured femur. What activity is most appropriate.
A sports video
A radio
Large picture books
Crayons and a coloring book
28
For a child with a dx of epiglottitis, which prescription, written by the PCP, would the nurse question?
Obtain a throat culture.
Obtain axillary temperatures.
Administer humidified oxygen.
Administer acetaminophen for fever.
29
infant with an imperforate anus had sx and has a colostomy. It's red & edematous, which action should the nurse take.
Document the findings.
Call the primary health care provider.
Apply ice immediately.
Elevate the buttocks.
30
Breathing exercises & postural drainage are Rx for child with cystic fibrosis. What would you include in teaching plan?
Perform postural drainage in the AM and breathing exercises in the evening.
Perform the breathing exercises and then the postural drainage.
Schedule the procedures so that they are 4 hours apart.
Perform the postural drainage first and then the breathing exercises.
31
emergency tx for epistaxis. Which
best
action would RN take to assist parents in understanding the emergency treatment?
Show the parents a video of the steps to take if a nosebleed occurs.
Give the parents a brochure about the emergency treatment for nosebleeds.
Tell the parents the steps to take when a nosebleed occurs.
have parent demonstrate, where to apply pressure if a nosebleed occurs
32
A child is scheduled for an appendectomy. Which of the following would be ordered? Select all that apply.
Initiate an IV line.
Administer preoperative medications.
Place a heating pad on the abdomen to decrease pain.
Administer a Fleet enema.
Administer intravenous antibiotics.
Maintain an NPO status.
33
A child diagnosed with Kawasaki disease, the nurse carefully monitors the child for which complication?
Myocardial infarction
Paralytic ileus
Fever
Arthralgic joint involvement
34
care for a child at risk for tonic-clonic seizures, seizure precautions would include which items?
Tracheotomy set
Padded tongue blade
Suctioning equipment and oxygen
Emergency cart
35
A nurse is assessing jaundice in a child with hepatitis. Which area would be best for detecting presence of jaundice?
The nail beds
The skin in the sacral area
The membranes in the ear canal
The skin in the abdominal area
36
The parent of child with cystic fibrosis asks the RN about the disease. What would the nurse tell the parent about CF?
A disease that causes the formation of multiple cysts in the lungs
A disease that causes dilation of the passageways of many organs
Transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait
A chronic multisystem disorder affecting the exocrine glands
37
For a tonsillectomy what condition would be
priority
because it presents the highest risk of aspiration during surgery?
Difficulty in swallowing
Presence of loose teeth
Bleeding during surgery
Exudate in the throat area
38
A nurse caring for an infant after repair of an inguinal hernia. Which assessment finding indicates it was effective?
Absence of inguinal swelling with crying
Abdominal distention
An adequate flow of urine
A clean, dry incision
39
The parents of a newborn with a cleft lip ask the nurse when the lip will be repaired. How would the nurse respond?
Cleft-lip repair is usually performed by 6 months of age.
Cleft lip cannot be repaired.
Cleft-lip repair is usually performed between 6 months and 2 years.
Cleft-lip repair is usually performed during the first months of life.
40
10-yo child complains of ear pain and discharge, a dx of acute otitis externa, what info does the nurse emphasis.
Biannual ear testing must be done by a physician who is an ear specialist.
Nothing smaller than the child's elbow would be placed in the ear.
Cotton-tipped applicators should be used to clean the ears.
Dizziness is common with this disorder.