milady esthetics chapter 7: chemistry

mixtures of 2+ immiscible substances united w/ the aid of an emulsifier

causes an atom/molecule to split in 2, creating a pair of ions with opposite electrical charges

one end of the surfactant molecule is ____ and the other end is ____

makes up Earth’s atmosphere; consists of 1 part oxygen and 4 parts nitrogen by volume

gasoline, plastics, synthetic fabrics, pesticides, and fertilizers are all examples of

the science that deals w/ composition, structure & properties of matter/how matter changes

has a definite size but not a definite shape

the study of substances that contain the element carbon

night creams, massage creams, suntan lotion and hair-grooming creams are examples of

any substance that is dissolved by a solvent to form a solution

combo of 2+ substances united physically in any proportions w/ combined properties

a pH of 7.0 is

a uniform mixture of 2+ mutually miscible substances

a properly formulated emulsion, when stored correctly, should be stable for up to

the natural pH of the skin is

a pH of 8 is ___ times more alkaline than a pH of 7

substances that have a pH below 7.0, taste sour, and turn litmus paper from blue to red

have a pH above 7.0, taste bitter, turn litmus paper from red to blue

used to emulsify oil and water to form an emulsion

the most commonly used cosmetic ingredient

moisturizing and cleansing lotions are examples of

a combo of 2+ atoms of different elements united chemically w/ fixed composition & proportions

any substance that occupies space and has mass (weight) is

do not have a definite size or shape

miscible liquids are

how many naturally occurring elements are there?

simplest form of chemical matter; can’t be broken down into a simpler substance w/o loss of ID

immiscible liquids are

unstable mixtures of 2+ substances; contain larger particles (visible to human eye)

most abundant element found on Earth; colorless, odorless, tasteless gas