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AP Psychology Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Psychology Exam Review
AP Psychology Exam Review
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1
Ads are more effective when the communicators are: I. Attractive; II. Famous; III. Experts
I and II
I, II, and III
II Only
II and III
2
Which of the following concepts is most integral to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory?
The unconscious mind
Structuralism
Gestalt Theory
Behaviorism
3
Which of the following psychologists might have described himself as a humanist?
Abraham Maslow
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
John Watson
4
Someone who has an external locus of control is likely to have...
A belief in luck.
A high sense of self-efficacy.
A positive self-concept.
A strong libido.
5
Which reinforcement schedule would most quickly teach a cat to jump through a hoop?
Fixed Ratio
Continuous
Fixed Interval
Variable Ratio
6
The cochlea is responsible for...
Transmitting vibrations to the hammer, anvil, and stirrup.
Sending messages to the brain about the body's orientation.
Transforming vibrations into neural signals.
Protecting the surface of the eye.
7
Schachter's theory states what about the relationship between emotion & physiological reaction?
Emotions are caused simply by physiological reactions.
A combination of reactions & interpretation causes emotions.
Physiological reactions are caused simply by emotions.
Physiological reactions and emotions occur simultaneously.
8
Which sentence most accurately describes sensory memory?
Encodes only sensations we are currently attending to.
Perfectly stores all sensory input for a limited time.
Records all incoming sensations, remembering them forever.
Decides which memories to encode in long-term memory.
9
Paul takes a test in the army to see if he would make a good pilot. Such a test is a(n)...?
Achievement test
Intelligence test
Aptitude test
Standardized test
10
Juan hears voices that tell him to kill people. Juan is experiencing...
Compulsions
Obsessions
Hallucinations
Delusions
11
Which of the following is the best example of prejudice?
Mr. Tamp calls on boys more often than girls.
Santiago dislikes cheerleaders.
Ginny thinks all Asians are smart.
Billy won't let girls play on his hockey team.
12
Sandy scores a perfect 100 on a test everyone else fails. Graphically, the data would be...
Positively skewed
A straight line
Normal
Negatively skewed
13
Weber's Law determines...
Absolute threshold
Amplitude of sound waves
Level of subliminal messages
Just-noticeable difference
14
Psychologists who draw from several different theoretical perspectives are known as...?
Open-minded
Eclectic
Flexible
Mixed
15
Agonists are psychoactive drugs that...
Produce tolerance to the drug without withdrawal symptoms.
Enhance the effects of certain opiates like heroin.
Mimic neurotransmitters and block their receptor sites.
Mimic the same effects as certain neurotransmitters.
16
In most people, which of the following is a specific function of the left hemisphere?
Abstract reasoning
Producing speech
Control of the left hand
Spatial reasoning
17
You find a slug on the shed only after it rains. What kind of reinforcement schedule is this?
Continuous
Fixed Interval
Variable Interval
Variable Ratio
18
According to Erikson's theory, adolescents are primarily concerned in a search for...?
Affection
Career
Autonomy
Identity
19
Who is credited with creating client-centered therapy?
Albert Ellis
Carl Rogers
Fritz Perls
Aaron Beck
20
Which of the following is not one of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences?
Musical
Practical
Linguistic
Spatial
21
Which of the following is not an anxiety disorder?
Zoophobia
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Conversion Disorder
Panic Disorder
22
Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory has been criticized for being...
Based on large groups, not individual cases.
Too applicable for research settings.
Unscientific and unverifiable
Appropriate for only female patients.
23
Which of the following neurotransmitters allows you to have control over your muscles?
Thorazine
Dopamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
24
"Brain plasticity" refers to...
Our adaptability to different problems.
The brain's ability to regrow damaged neurons.
New connections forming to take over for damaged sections.
The surface texture of the cerebral cortex.
25
Which aspects of hunger are controlled by the lateral and ventromedial hypothalamus?
Body temperature and desire to eat.
Contraction and expansion of the stomach.
The binge and purge cycle in bulimics.
The desire to eat and the feeling of fullness.
26
Which is NOT one of the big five personality traits?
Extraversion
Openness
Honesty
Agreeableness
27
Wilhelm Wundt used a research methodology called...?
Introspection
Structuralism
Naturalistic observation
Inferential
28
Generating alternate hypotheses to explain a phenomenon demonstrates which Piagetian stage?
Formal operations
Operational
Abstract reasoning
Syllogistic
29
Paralysis of the left arm might be explained by a problem in the...
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe of the right hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the occipital lobe in the right hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the parietal lobe in the left hemisphere.
30
Which of the following is most likely to reduce hostility between antagonistic groups?
Force the groups to spend a lot of time together.
Encourage them to avoid each other as much as possible.
Punish the groups whenever they treat each other badly.
Give groups a task that must be solved by working together.
31
Psychologists prefer the experimental method to other research methods because...
Experiments are more likely to support hypotheses.
It is easier to obtain a random sample.
Experiments result in statistically significant findings.
Experiments can show cause-effect relationships.
32
Which kind of therapist is most likely to analyze a client's dreams?
Cognitive
Behaviorist
Humanistic
Psychoanalytic
33
One of the principal differences between ethical guidelines for human and animal research is...
Humans can be deceived for experimental purposes.
Animals can be placed at much greater risk than humans.
Humans must be chosen much more carefully than animals.
Conditions for humans must be monitored more closely.
34
Schizophrenia is most likely to be treated with...?
Prozac
Lithium
Haldol
Valium
35
schizophrenics suffer from...
Hallucinations
Multiple personalities
Depression
Compulsions
36
Parental involvement can have dramatic effects on all of the following human traits, EXCEPT...?
Intelligence
Reading ability
Motor development
Self-esteem
37
If a test is reliable, it means that...
It tests what it is supposed to test.
It is also valid.
It yields consistent results.
It is given in the same way every time.
38
Symbolic dream analysis might be used by a psychologist from which perspective?
Behaviorist
Psychoanalytic
Biopsychologist
Structuralist
39
Antidepressant drugs that treat mood disorders affect which type of neurotransmitter?
Acetylcholine
Serotonin
Adrenaline
Endorphins
40
Which of the following is an example of a generalized reinforcer?
Applause
Chocolate cake
High grades
Money
41
Night Terrors and Somnambulism usually occur during which stage of sleep?
Stage 4
REM Sleep
REM Sleep, but only later in the night.
Stage 1
42
You tense up after hearing scary music during a horror film. In this case, the music is a(n)...
CR
UR
CS
US
43
Which of the following is an example of the representativeness heuristic?
Believing younger people are more likely to start fights.
Making a judgment according to past experiences.
Judging a situation by a rule that is usually true.
Solving a problem by breaking it down into smaller parts.
44
Theoretically, random assignment should eliminate...
The need for a representative sample
Concerns over validity
Sampling error
Many confounding variables
45
Behaviorists explain human thought and behavior as a result of...
Biological processes
Past conditioning
Unconscious behavioral impulses
Individual choice
46
One of your classmates remarks that "Seth is all id." What does she likely mean?
Ryan is a perfectionist.
Ryan frequently pursues immediate gratification.
Ryan is a highly-ethical person.
Ryan uses a lot of defense mechanisms.
47
In which stage of cognitive development do infants learn object permanence?
Pre-operational
Conventional
Formal Operations
Sensorimotor
48
To establish behaviorism as a paradigm of psychology, John Watson relied on the work of...?
Wilhelm Wundt
Sigmund Freud
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
49
Redirecting unacceptable urges into more acceptable pursuits defines which defense mechanism?
Regression
Sublimation
Denial
Rationalization
50
Phonemes and morphemes refer to...
Basic elements of memories stored in long-term memory.
Two types of influences language has on thought.
Elements of telegraphic speech toddlers use.
Elements of language.
51
The Flynn Effect is the finding that...
Linguistic skills decline with age.
The more people take a test, the better they tend to score.
Intelligence seems to increase with every generation.
Television has decreased intellectual performance.
52
According to research, the most advantageous parenting style for children's development is...
Securely attached, because parents will meet all needs.
Authoritative, because children have justifiable boundaries.
Permissive, because children need to explore.
Authoritarian, because children learn boundaries quickly.
53
The principal difference between a longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study is...
The developmental stage of the participants.
The statistical methods employed to evaluate the data.
The number of participants involved.
The time span of the study.
54
Which concept from memory directly contradicts the belief that humans never forget anything?
Sensory Memory
Recovered Memory
Constructive Memory
Selective Attention
55
Blindness could result from damage to which cortex and lobe of the brain?
Visual cortex in the frontal lobe.
Visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
Visual cortex in the temporal lobe.
Cerebral cortex in the occipital lobe.
56
In the Milgram studies, the dependent measure was...?
The number of people in the group.
The instructions given by the experimenter.
The highest level of shock supposedly administered.
The location of the learner.
57
Which of the following two sleep disorders occur most commonly?
Insomnia and Narcolepsy
Night terrors and Sleep Apnea
Sleep Apnea and Insomnia
Sleep Apnea and Narcolepsy
58
The balanced physiological state we are driven to attain by satisfying our needs is called...?
Self-actualization
Homeostasis
Primary satisfaction
Equilibrium
59
Which of the following are reasons why intrinsic motivation might be better than extrinsic?
Intrinsic might be more enduring.
Intrinsic is more effective with a wider range of people.
Intrinsic is higher on Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
Intrinsic is easier and more convenient to provide.
60
Which of the following attachment styles did Mary Ainsworth find most often in her research?
Secure
Authoritarian
Authoritative
Avoidant
61
What is the median of the following distribution: 6, 2, 9, 4, 7, 3?
6
5
5.5
4.5
62
If you only had sight in one eye, which of the following depth cues could you NOT use?
Convergence
Interposition
Texture gradient
Linear perspective
63
Which neurotransmitter is affected by opiates?
Serotonin
Dopamine
Endorphins
GABA
64
Perceived control over a stressful event results in...
More motivation to solve the stressful problem.
More frustration regarding the stressful event.
Less reported stress.
Increased arousal.
65
Which process involves counterconditioning?
Somatic therapy
Systematic desensitization
Transference
ECT
66
The information-processing theory states that dreams...
Occur as the brain deals with daily events during REM sleep.
Occur only after stressful events.
Are by-products of how our brain processes information.
are exact reinactments of our day
67
Which of the following is the best analogy for how psychologists view consciousness?
A dimmer switch for a light fixture.
A circuit breaker that controls power to a house.
The on/off switch on a computer.
The ignition switch on a car.
68
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
Assigning a student a detention for fighting.
Buying a child a video game after she throws a tantrum.
Going inside to escape a thunderstorm.
Depriving a prison inmate of sleep.
69
Gate-Control Theory refers to...
How our minds use either bottom-up or top-down processing.
Blocking sound waves, causing some waves to be undetected.
Which pain messages are perceived.
Which sensory impulses are transmitted first.
70
A therapist who uses whatever perspective "works best" for the patient is described as...
Eclectic
Functionalist
Humanist
Social-cultural
71
According to the nativist theory, language is acquired...
Only if instruction is provided in the native language.
Using an inborn ability to learn language.
By parents reinforcing correct language use.
Best in the language and culture native to the family.
72
Which of the following best describes the relationship between sensation and perception?
Sensation is mechanical, while perception is cognitive.
Perception is an advanced form of sensation.
Sensation detects stimuli, perception interprets stimuli.
Sensation is in the senses while perception is in the brain.
73
Depression is associated with low levels of...
Dopamine
Serotonin
Epinephrine
Acetylcholine
74
Which of the following is an example of random sampling?
Approaching any 50 students during 6th-period lunch.
Flipping a coin to assign students to two different tests.
Having a computer generate a random list of 100 students.
Picking out of a hat to assign subjects to a condition.
