Unit 3 Earth's Features

Question 1

___ forms when sediment sinks down in water and compacts and cements over time.

Accepted Answer

sedimentary rock

Question 2

Geologists use observations of and ideas about rocks and fossils to make ____ about past environments.

Accepted Answer

inferences

Question 3

Which of the following sentences about fossils is true?

Accepted Answer

They need water and sediment to form.

Question 4

What can you infer about the environment where these fossils were found?

Accepted Answer

The environment was once an ocean and it changed to land.

Question 5

Erosion breaks rocks into sediments that compact and cement to form rock then layers sink down into water.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 6

Rocks can be broken down and _____ by things in nature such as wind, water, glaciers, and plants.

Accepted Answer

eroded

Question 7

Which is an example of a living organism that causes the earth to be reshaped?

Accepted Answer

a prairie dog burrowing into the ground

Question 8

New rock layers form on top of existing rock layers so the environments that lower rock layers formed in came last.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 9

The same sedimentary rock layers in a place mean that the environment in that place has changed.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 10

Different sediments build up in different environments so different kinds of rock form in different environments.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 11

New rock layers form on top of existing rock layers. Therefore, lower rock layers are older than the layers above them.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 12

Over time, rock layers become thicker as sediment continues to build up.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 13

A __ forms when an organism dies and is covered in sediment that turns into rock.

Accepted Answer

fossil

Question 14

Which is an example of an improvement that can cause people to be better protected from natural hazards?

Accepted Answer

stream gauges that provide data on possible flooding

Question 15

A lower layer of rock has fish fossils, but the upper layer has small mammal fossils. Which environment is likely first?

Accepted Answer

ocean

Question 16

Which of the following experiments demonstrates how rain erodes the land best?

Accepted Answer

Pour water over sand and watch the particles of sand move around.

Question 17

A scientist notices that rock layers under the surface appear to be broken and do not match up. What likely caused this?

Accepted Answer

An earthquake caused the ground to shift.

Question 18

The speed of water and amount of time it flows affect how much rock it erodes.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 19

Rain is falling more and a river begins to flow faster than normal so people should consider ideas to slow down erosion.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 20

Which explanation best supports your answer to the previous question?

Accepted Answer

Water helps minerals replace the original remains.

Question 21

Starting from bottom, a rock sample&#x27;s layers are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4. Which layer is the youngest?

Accepted Answer

4

Question 22

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Volcanoes that occur on continents most often occur along the coasts.

Questions 22