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Microbiology Final
Microbiology Final
80 terms
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StudBud Administration
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98 plays
2019
Flashcards
80 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
80
Answers
1
All organisms that live on/in a healthy average human
microbiosphere
host
typical germs
microbiota
2
Which of the following areas contain healthy microbial life?
colon
skin
all of the above
stomach and intestine
3
Experimentally demonstrated germ theory
Pasteur
Koch
Hooke
Flemming
4
How many colony forming units(CFU) would be find own a plate with 30 colonies @ 1:100 dilution
3,000 CFU/mL
30,000 CFU/mL
30 CFU/mL
300 CFU/mL
5
Growth rate = death rate, limited nutrients, and toxic waste accumulation describes what stage?
Lag
Log
Stationary
Decline
6
The gram stain is an example of what type of stain?
Negative
Simple
Positive
Differential
7
Cells double population every generation, generation time determined describes which stage?
Decline
Log
Stationary
Lag
8
What shape of bacteria does the image represent?
spiral
cocci
vibrio
streptococcus
9
What number shows the growth of an obligate aerobe?
2
4
3
1
10
The image shows what type of staining?
simple
gram-negative
negative
gram-positive
11
ATP is generated the most in what the of bacteria?
Anaerobic
None of them produce ATP
Aerobic
Fermentation
12
Which has an outer membrane that assists in the resistance of antimicrobials?
Gram-negative
Gram-positive
both
13
Lead to the development of penicilin
Fleming
Pasteur
Koch
Hooke
14
peptide linked disaccharides, found in abundance in gram-positive bacteria.
teichoic acid
lipopolysaccharide
periplasmic space
peptidoglycan
15
Found specifically in gram-positive bacteria
outer membrane
inner membrane
teichoic acid
periplasmic space
16
What type of transmission can be food borne, mosquitos, water or objects?
Fomite
None of the above
Indirect
Direct
17
__________ are composed of a single cell that can be prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
Bacteria
Pathogen
Virus
Microorganism
18
The image represents a good example of what?
streptobacillus
capsule
flagella
coccus shaped bacteria
19
A rod-shaped bacterium can best be described by the term _________.
tetrad
spiral
bacilli
coccus
20
The smaller circular molecule of DNA in the cytoplasm?
mRNA
colony
endospore
plasmid
21
What type of media allows one to differentiate closely related groups of organisms?
Selective
Differential
Enriched
Complex
22
What type of HGT is transfer of genetic material from a live donor by cell to cell contact?
None of the above
Transduction
Transformation
Conjugation
23
What type of HGT is the uptake of DNA from the environment?
All 3
Conjugation
Transformation
Transduction
24
Growth < Death, no reproduction, and endospores are formed describes which stage?
Log
Decline
Stationary
Lag
25
Glycolysis occurs in what type of bacteria?
anaerobic
fermentation
all 3
aerobic
26
What type of HGT is the transfer of donor genes to recipient by bacteriophage?
Transduction
Conjugation
Transformation
All 3
27
What type of staining does the image represent? (ignore the A and B)
gram-negative
negative
simple
gram-positive
28
"same to safe levels" killing of bacteria to a healthy level
disinfection
Sanitization
Sterilization
antiseptic
29
Microbiology is the study of....?
microscopic organisms and viruses
microbes
small things in biology
viruses
30
A _____ is a microorganism that causes disease in a host organism.
virus
bacteria
archaea
pathogen
31
What stage of microbial disease progression is the immune system gaining ground, specific sympt
Contact
Incubation
Prodromal
Acme
32
Any virus, bacteria or other agent that causes disease
Host
Pathogen
Infection
Microbiota
33
which has a larger periplasmic space?
gram-positive
gram-negative
both have a large periplasmic space
34
What number shows the growth of an obligate anaerobe?
1
4
3
2
35
Process of sterilization on non-living surfaces Ex. Lysol
disinfection
antiseptic
disinfectants
antiseptics
36
What type of transmission is described by close contact w/ infected host?
None of the above
Direct
Fomites
Indirect
37
Which of the following should contain healthy microbial life?
Central nervous system
All of the above
Circulatory
Urinary
38
This type of bacteria grows in warmer temperatures
thermophile
mesophile
psychrophile
39
Minimal cell division, cells adapting to environment describes which stage?
Decline
Lag
Stationary
Log
40
What type of cells have double-stranded DNA?
both
bacteria
eukaryotic
neither
41
RNA polymerase binds to what?
operon
promoter
enzymes
operator
42
Functional genes are easily expressed when lactose is NOT present.
False
True
43
Process of sterilization on used on living surfaces ex. hydrogen perioxide
disinfection
antisepsis
sanitization
sterilization
44
The image shows what type of staining?
gram-negative
simple
negative
gram-positive
45
___ is the process used to sanitize beverages.
fermentation
pasteurization
enclaving
boiling
46
____ is a type of symbiosis in which one gains and the other isn't harmed
Mutualism
Amensalism
Virulence Factor
Commensalism
47
What type of cell has a nucleic with circular shaped DNA?
Bacteria
Eukaryotic
Neither
Both
48
This protein is used for enhanced invasion & immune system avoidance
Type III secretion
Hyluronidase
lactose
enzymes
49
Observed the first microorganism with a light microscope
Hooke
Fleming
Pasteur
Koch
50
What stage of microbial disease progression is when the immune system is losing & sympt appear?
Acme
Incubation
Prodromal
Contact
51
Genes that enable microorganisms to est in host and potential to cause disease
Pathogen
Infection
Host
Virulence factor
52
Streptococcal pharyngitis and necrotizing fasciitis are caused by what bacteria?
Streptococcus pyogenes
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Neisseria meningitis
S. aureus
53
Cooking meat does what to it?
Sanitize
Sterilize
Disinfects
Ferments
54
What type of cell does NOT have cilia?
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
55
_____ is a highly resistant structure that develops in some bacterial cells.
cilia
proteins
DNA
endospore
56
Contains circular DNA (chromosomes)?
Nucleoid
Nucleus
Plasmid
Microcompartment
57
"some to none", the killing of all bacteria
Sterilization
Disinfection
Sanitization
Antiseptics
58
What type of media allows certain type of microbes to grow while inhibiting others?
Complex
Differential
Enriched
Selective
59
Which type of horizontal gene transfer must be from same species?
Conjugation
Transduction
Transformation
All 3
60
Generation time of 30 min, begins w/ 50 cells and 1.5 hr has passed, how many cells are there?
100 cells
200 cells`
75 cells
400 cells
61
A eukaryotic cell has more genes than a bacteria cell.
True
False
62
relationship between host and pathogen with no symptoms
Pathogen
Host
Infection
Disease
63
DNA is linear in which type of cell?
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
64
A type of symbiosis which both partners gain from the relationship?
Commensalism
Mutualism
Amensalism
65
___ is the complex community of interacting species.
everywhere on earth
Biofilm
Microbiota
human body
66
What does lactose bind to in an inducible operon?
fictional genes
operon
regulatory protein
promoter
67
How did Koch's postulate demonstrate germ theory?
A specific microbe must cause disease outside of infected
Pasteurization brings beverages to a safe level of microbes
Need oxygen and other organisms to grow
No living organisms produces no growth
68
___ is rich in metabolic enzymes that aid in entry of molecules into cytoplasm.
peptidoglycan
periplasmic space
outer membrane
teichoic acid
69
What stage of microbial disease progression is when the immune system is fighting back?
Acme
Contact
Incubation (Infection)
Prodromal
70
The image shows what type of staining?
simple
gram-positive
negative
gram-negative
71
What number shows the growth of a facultative anaerobe?
3
1
5
2
72
Which type of cell has membrane-bound organelles?
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
73
Found that microbes come from microbes, disproved spontaneous generation (Swan-neck experiment)
Flemming
Pasteur
Koch
Hooke
74
What number shows the growth of an aerotolerant anaerobe?
4
3
2
5
75
What shaped bacteria is the arrow pointing to?
coccus
tetrad
spiral
bacilli
76
Specialized protein bound inclusions for specific functions can be described as what?
nucleoid
plasmid
microcompartment
endospore
77
This type of media contains unknown amounts and types of nutrients.
selective
complex
enriched
enriched
78
What number shows the growth of a microaerophile?
1
3
2
4
79
Which type of bacteria desperation does NOT use 02 in the terminal electron acceptor?
Anaerobic
Fermentation
Anaerobic and fermentation
Aerobic
80
If there are 1,000 cells at 9 a.m, and 4,000 at 1 p.m how long is the generation time
2 hours
4 hours
1 hour
8 hours
