Duplicate of Unit 2 Review New Book

Legendary Daoist philosopher.

Nobles offered protection and land in return for service in this Medieval social and political order.

Church leaders.

A sect of Buddhism that became popular with Japanese aristocrats and became part of the samurai's code of behavior.

The military and political head of state under the Seljuk Turks and the Ottomans.

The holy scriptures of the religion of Islam.

A woman who separates herself from ordinary society in order to dedicate herself to God.

In China, a group of people who controlled much of the land and produced most of the candidates for civil service.

In the Roman social structure, the dominant male head of the household.

A covered market in Islamic cities.

A rapid increase in prices.

A peasant legally bound to the land.

A government by three people with equal power.

The worship of religious images.

Chinese philosopher and politician.

An invention used by sailors to determine their location by observing the positions of the stars.

Roman emperor for more than 20 years brought stability, security, and efficient government to Rome after years of chaos.

A form of government in which the leader is not a king and certain citizens have the right to vote.

An absolute ruler.

A group of Christian communities, or parishes, under the authority of a bishop.

A gift of money or property paid at the time of marriage.

Classical Sanskrit author and is often considered ancient India's greatest playwright and dramatist.

"The way of the Gods"; the Japanese state religion.

Indian emperor of the Mauryan Dynasty, who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from c. 268 to 232 BCE.

Commander in chief; the Latin origin of the word emperor.

A wealthy, powerful landowner.

Roman emperor who moved the capital to the eastern part of the empire.

A chief executive officer of the Roman Republic; two were elected each year to run the government and lead the army.

A code of ethics that knights were supposed to uphold.

Roman general involved in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.

The journey of Muhammad and his followers to Medina in 622, which became year 1 of the Islamic calendar.

The representative government that emerged in 13th century England.

In the Roman Republic, a social class made up of minor landholders, craftspeople, merchants and small farmers.

A law code drawn up by Muslim scholars after Muhammad's death.

A nomadic Arab who lives in the Arabian, Syrian, or North African deserts.

One of several separate territories into which Genghis Khan's empire was split, each under the rule of a son.

A pilgrimage to Mecca, one of the requirements of the Five Pillars of Islam.

A Muslim group that accepts only the descendants of the Umayyads as the true rulers of Islam.

Under feudalism, a man who served a lord in a military capacity.

Pictures of religious images.

School of Buddhism developed in northwest India, stressing nirvana can be achieved through devotion to the Buddha.

A social class of wealthy landowners, they formed the ruling class in the Roman Republic.

In the Roman Empire, an official in charge of a province.

A ceramic made of fine clay and baked at very high temperatures.

Acts of worship every Muslim must perform, this includes belief, prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage.

The last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt.

The ruler of an Arabic tribe, chosen from one of the leading families by a council of elders.

A grant of land made to a vassal.

A person sent out to carry a religious message.

Practice of living the life of a monk.

Carthaginian general who commanded Carthage's main forces against the Roman Republic during the Second Punic War.

The process by which towns and cities become larger as population increases and people begin to occupy a central area.

A person who believes in Islam.

The head of a convent.

The middle class, including merchants, industrialists, and professional people.

Arabic for God; the supreme god of Islam.

A means of determining guilt in Germanic law, based on the idea of divine intervention.

An official of the Roman Republic in charge of enforcing civil law.

Regular church members.

A Muslim group that accepts only the descendants of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali as the true rulers of Islam.

Japanese warriors similar to the knights of medieval Europe.

The unwritten rules that determined the relationship between a lord and his vassal.

The strict code by which Japanese samurai were supposed to live.

Head of noble families in Japan who controlled vast landed estates and relied on samurai for protection.

The Emperor of the Romans from 800. During the Early Middle Ages, he united the majority of western and central Europe. 

The "Great Charter" of rights, which King John was forced to sign by English nobles in 1215.

An Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam.

A social or political class.

A chain of islands.

The head of a convent.

The office or dominion of a caliph.

A man who separates himself from society in order to dedicate himself to God.

An epidemic disease.

Under feudalism, a member of the heavily armed cavalry.

A geometric pattern repeated over and over to completely cover a surface with decoration.

An agricultural estate that a lord ran and peasants worked.

A revised form of Confucianism that evolved as a response to Buddhism.

A powerful military leader in Japan.

"Money for a man"; the value of a person in money.

 The first Roman emperor, reigning from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. 

A gift of money or property paid at the time of marriage.

Roman apartment blocks constructed of concrete with wooden beam floors.

A school of Buddhism that developed in India; its followers view Buddhism as a way of life.

A high government official in Muslim countries.

A successor of Muhammad as a spiritual and temporal leader of the Muslims.

The crier who calls the Muslim faithful to prayer five times a day.

Struggle in the way of God.

System of law that developed in England based on court decisions and customs rather that written codes.

The head of the Eastern Orthodox Church, originally appointed by the Byzantine emperor.

A heavy, wheeled plow with an iron plowshare.