What is overlapping the result of?

Incorrect horizontal angulation

Why does cone cutting occur?

Xray is not being aimed at the center of the film

What does milliamperes control?

The speed of the electrons from cathode to anode

Where would a size #1 film be used on an adult patient?

Mandibular incisors and canines

The quality or penetrating power of secondary radiation is...

Less than that of the primary beam

What is the basic principle of the bisecting the angle technique?

Central ray must be directed at a right angle to the bisector

Your FMX has one blank film and one dark film, what happened?

1 film is double exposed/1 film is unexposed

How does filtration of the X-ray beam protect the patient?

Eliminates weak wavelength xrays from the beam

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Final Exam Review

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Questions 99

Answers

1
What is the small circular radiolucency near the roots of the mandibular premolars?
magnum foramen
Lingual Foramen
Incisive Foramen
Mental foramen
2
What is the best technique for reducing the radiation exposure to both patient and operator?
Avoid taking films
Remove glasses
Fast film
3
What is exposure time determined by?
mA
All of these
Kvp
Film speed
4
Filtration of the X-ray beam protects the patient by eliminating weak wavelength X-rays from the X-ray beam.
False
It depends on the X-ray unit
True
5
What is overlapping the result of?
Incorrect vertical angulation
Incorrect horizontal angulation
conecut
Light leak
6
Why does cone cutting occur?
Too much light
Overexposed
Xray is not being aimed at the center of the film
Underexposed
7
Why do light films occur?
Exposure to light
Underdeveloping/underexposing
Overexposing/overexposing
None of these
8
What is the most effective way to reduce gonadal exposure?
Run
Use a thyroid collar
Use a lead apron
Nothing needs to be done
9
Which of the following structures may be seen on both periapical and panoramic radiographs?
Tmj
Mental foramen
orbit
Condyle
10
What term describes the pictures taken in digital radiology?
Picture
Image
Latent image
Radiograph
11
What is a material that stops or absorbs xrays called?
Density
Contrast
Radiopaque
Radiolucent
12
What does milliamperes control?
The speed of the electrons from anode to cathode
The speed of the electrons from cathode to anode
The amount of light the film is exposed to
The amount of developer the film is exposed to
13
In paralleling technique, a device used to hold the film in the patient’s mouth is...
College pliers
Film holder
Hemostat
Explorer
14
Extraoral films are more sensitive to light than intraoral films.
True
False
15
A technique used to measure the operator’s exposure to radiation is?
Sphygmomanometer
Dosimeter
Holograph
Thermometer
16
What is the most sensitive facial tissue to radiation exposure ?
Nose
Zygoma
Thyroid
Eye
17
When placing x-rays into the holder, which side of the film faces the PID?
Green
Brown
White
Black
18
What is a material that does not stop x-rays known as?
Radiolucent
Radiopaque
Latent
Reticulation
19
What is the large radiolucent area seen on the maxillary molar X-ray called?
Condyle
Zygoma
Hamulus
Sinus
20
What is the usual number of films in a complete dentulous radiographic survey?
18-20
2-4
24-26
14-16
21
What should the operator do when seating a patient for a radiograph?
Drape the pt with a lead apron
Tell the pt what is being done
Have them remove glasses,partials and/or dentures.
All of these
22
X-ray Processing tank are considered secondary containers and according to OSHA standards must be....
Labeled
Shielded
Thrown away
Purchased by a DMD
23
What will the result be if a film is exposed on the wrong side?
Black film
Reticulation
Light leak
Herringbone pattern
24
What are extraoral films used for?
Diagnose fractures/pathology
All of these
View impacted teeth
Pt cannot open mouth
25
Where would a size #1 film be used on an adult patient?
Maxillary premolars
Mandibular molars
Maxillary molars
Mandibular incisors and canines
26
Prior to processing an exposed X-ray film(not in a barrier) is considered to be....
Contaminated
Exposed to light
Developed
Sterile
27
The quality or penetrating power of secondary radiation is...
More than that of the primary beam
The same as the primary beam
None of these
Less than that of the primary beam
28
Accumulated radiation dosage for those who work with radiation may not exceed...
0-1 REM per week
7-8 REM per week
4-5 REM per week
2-3 REM per week
29
What is the basic principle of the bisecting the angle technique?
Aim the central ray parallel to the bisector
Have the pt hold the film
Central ray must be directed at a right angle to the bisector
Use a rinn
30
Exposure of a radiograph on a child requires less time than on an adult.
False
True
31
To avoid exposure to secondary radiation, where should the operator stand?
4 feet away
2 feet away
6 feet away
6 inches away
32
What is scatter radiation?
A type of latent radiation
A type of primary radiation
All of these
A type of secondary radiation
33
Why do dark films occur?
Overdeveloping
All of these
Overexposing
Light exposure
34
What is the standard film size for an adult?
2
3
0
1
35
When placing a film into the holder for a PA molar, where does the dot go?
Lingually
Occlusally
Distally
Mesially
36
Your FMX has one blank film and one dark film, what happened?
1 film is conecut/1 film is exposed to light
1 film is double exposed/1 film is unexposed
1 film has reticulation/1film is elongated
1 film is film fogged/1 film is foreshortened
37
How will an unexposed film appear if developed?
Brown
Green
Clear
Black
38
What is the difference in density in various regions of a radiograph called?
Cone cut
Contrast
Density
Reticulation
39
When can a DA expose radiographs in the dental office?
The are RHS certified
They have CDA certification
All of these
It is permissible in the state in which they are employed
40
Which cells are most sensitive to ionizing radiation?
Reproductive cells
Cardiac cells
Muscle cells
Bone cells
41
What does the generation of X-rays require?
All of these
A target
Heating of the cathode
Electrons
42
The DA must utilize which of the following PPE when exposing films?
Safety goggles and gloves
Safety goggles
Neither
Gloves
43
Who discovered the X-ray?
Edmund Kells
Wilhelm Roentgen
Pierre Fauchard
Kathleen Watts
44
What is foreshortening caused by?
Too little horizontal angulation
Too much horizontal angulation
Too little vertical angulation
Too much vertical angulation
45
Maximum protection of the patient requires that the X-ray beam pass through a...
Unshielded open ended cone
Unshielded closed cone
Shielded open ended cone
Shielded closed cone
46
What is the radiolucent band between the maxillary incisors?
Sinus
Hamulus
Medial palatine suture
Zygoma
47
Which of the following films is not considered intraoral?
Periapicals
Bitewings
Panoramic
Occlusal
48
What is the time period between the effects of cumulative radiation and visible tissue damage called?
Latent image
Waiting period
Latent period
Refractory period
49
How does filtration of the X-ray beam protect the patient?
Adds weak wavelengths to the beam
Eliminates weak wavelength xrays from the beam
Adds short wavelengths to the beam
Eliminates short wavelengths from the beam
50
Information and instructions for proper disposal of x-ray processing solutions may be found where?
On the bottle
On the internet
On the machine
MSDS
51
Radiographs should be kept by the dentist indefinitely.
False
True
52
How is a cavity viewed best on an X-ray?
Pano
Bitewings
Periapicals
Ceph
53
Intensifying screens are used in intraoral radiography?
True
False
54
Which of these appear radiolucent?
Full gold crown
Caries
Enamel
Amalgam
55
What is the small circular radiolucency below the mandibular incisor roots called?
Incisive foramen
Lingual foramen
Magnum foramen
mental foramen
56
Where should the occlusal plane of the maxillary arch being radiographed be in relation to the floor?
Prone
Supine
Perpendicular
Parallel
57
Quality assurance is necessary to ensure....
All of these
X-ray film is not outdated
X-ray units are operating properly
Temperatures are accurate/test films run
58
Radiographs of a pregnant patient must....
Be done only in first trimester
Never be done
Be done with a doctor’s direct order in emergency situations
No precautions needed
59
Why would black lines appear across the film?
Cone cut
Static electricity
Excessive bending
Herringbone pattern
60
What is conecut?
Not being aimed at the center
Elongation
Foreshortened
bending of the film
61
What does digital radiography use to produce an image?
Computerized imaging system
None of these
Electronic sensor
Both
62
What is the portion of the tungsten target that is struck by electrons called?
Focal spot
Excessive bending
Conecut
Herringbone pattern
63
When should the ala-tragus line be parallel to the floor?
Occlusal films
Periapical
Bitewings
Always
64
How will films that are not fixed long enough appear?
Green
Brown
Black
Clear
65
During processing, when can radiographs safely be exposed to light?
After the final wash
At any time
After the developer
After the fixer
66
Film bending is common on all films except?
Periapicals
Occlusal
Bitewings
Panoramic
67
The periapical film does not reveal the entire tooth, including the apex.
False
True
68
If a patient is reluctant to be radiographed, the assistant should....
Explain the procedure thoroughly
Begin procedure without X-ray
Reschedule the patient
Begin CPR
69
What should be removed prior to taking a panoramic radiograph?
Jewelry
Eyeglasses
All of these
Removable appliances
70
A latent image is composed of energized silver halide crystals.
True
False
71
After each use, the lead apron must be...
Rolled into a ball
Dry cleaned
Draped over a support rod, unfolded
Folded neatly
72
What is film speed determined by?
The amount of mA
The exposure time
The amount of kvp
The size of the silver halide crystals
73
The premolar bitewings should be placed to include which of these structures?
The medial half of the maxillary canine
The distal half of the maxillary central
The distal half of the mandibular canine
The medial half of the mandibular central
74
A beam that is properly collimator should be restricted to how large of an area?
2.75 inches
2.5 inches
2.5mm
2.75mm
75
If a disabled person is unable to hold a film in his/her mouth, what can the operator do?
Do not take any films
Dentist will hold the film
Have the caregiver hold the film
Hold the film for the patient
76
All of the tissues listed are radiopaque except...
Pulp chamber
Enamel
Amalgam
Gutta percha
77
Proper collimation for film size and target film distance will increase the radiation received by the patient.
True
False
Depends
Could be
78
What does the collimator determine?
The size and shape of the xray beam
None of these
The speed of the film
The size of the film
79
Intensifying screens do not decrease exposure time of extraoral films.
False
True
80
The amount of radiation a person receives is cumulative in the entire body.
False
True
81
The X-ray at the center of the primary beam is called?
Secondary radiation
Central Ray
Gamma ray
Scatter radiation
82
How is exposure time measured?
Inches
Millimeters
Centimeters
Impulses
83
When taking a full mouth series of films where should the pt’s midsagittal plane be located?
Prone to the floor
Parallel to the floor
Perpendicular to the floor
Supine to the floor
84
How does the dental radiographer achieve zero occupational exposure?
Work in a shielded area and wear a dosimeter
Always be 6 ft and 90 degrees away from PID
Never hold the film for the pt.
All of these
85
What is reticulation?
Cone cut
Herringbone pattern
Cracking of the film emulsion
cracking of the articulation
86
What is elongation caused by?
Excessive vertical angulation
excessive horizontal angulation
insufficient horizontal angulation
Insufficient vertical angulation
87
Which is the best x-ray to penetrate body tissue?
Low frequency/energy, long wavelength
High frequency/energy-short wavelength
Secondary Radiation
Scatter radiation
88
What does the strength of the safelight depend on?
Sensitivity of the film
Color of the light bulb
Size of the room
Sensitivity of the developing solution
89
What is the purpose of the lead foil?
Reduce density
Reduce film fog
Reduce the latent image
Reduce contrast
90
Panoramic radiographs allow the dental professional to view the largest area of the MD/Max on a single film
False
True
91
What is the oval shaped radiolucency above the maxillary incisor roots called?
Magnum Foramen
Mental Foramen
Lingual Foramen
Incisive Foramen
92
During X-ray exposure and processing procedures, appropriate infection control measures include....
All of the above
Use gloves
Barriers on equipment and control switches
Use sterile film holders
93
The collimator determines the size and shape of the xray beam.
True
False
Depends
Maybe
94
What does mA control?
Heating of the tungsten filament
Heating of the insulating oil
Heating of the tungsten target
Heating of the anode
95
Where is the best place to store unexposed x-ray film?
Lead lined container
on a shelf
In the fridge
Watts’ car
96
What is the function of the id dot on the film?
Film mounting
Developing
It has no function
Patient comfort
97
Which of the following is used to describe the overall blackness of an exposed radiograph?
Amperage
Density
Contrast
Latent
98
What does alara stand for?
As low as reasonably achievable
As low as really allowable
As little as really achieved
As little as really allowable
99
In order to protect the patient from unnecessary X-ray exposure what should occur?
Use good Chairside techniques that will avoid re-takes
Drape the patient with a lead apron
Use high speed film
All of these

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