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Chapter 16,17,18 and 19-2021 Flashcards | StudBud
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Chapter 16,17,18 and 19-2021
What is Speciation?
How is the relative age of organisms determined?
Chapter 16,17,18 and 19-2021
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1
How is the relative age of organisms determined?
Dating of the Earth
Dating of fossils
Dating of when the asteroid hit earth
Asking them
2
What is Speciation?
Process by which one specie will stay the same and never evolve
Process by which one species splits into two or more daughter species
Process by which multiple species split but then comes back together
Process by which multiple species combine into one daughter specie
3
What is Phylogeny?
History of mutations in organisms from a common ancestor
History of population growth
History of evolution of organisms from a common ancestor
History of descent of organisms from a common ancestor
4
Alternative RNA splicing
due to the presence or absence of mRNA
increases the rate of transcription.
the number of polypeptides making up the functional protein
allows the production of proteins from a single mRNA.
5
What is the definition of speciation?
.how a new species is created.
how a new gene is created.
how a new gamete is created.
how a new person is created.
6
A mutation occurring when the number of nucleotides inserted or deleted is not a multiple of 3
Missense mutation
Nonsense mutation
Frameshift mutation
7
How many small meteorites hit the earth each year?
1000
30
200
20
8
Both Bacteria and Archaea are
Both
Neither
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
9
Which of the following is not a normal feature of prokaryotic mRNA?
3' end
5' end
start codon
poly-A tail
10
The biological species concept distinguishes species based on what?
Phylogeny
Natural selection
Mutations
Reproductive Isolation
11
Which of the following is NOT a common bacterial morphologies
Cocci
Bacilli
Spirilla
Anacocci
12
Taxonomy is concerned with the naming of organisms
False
True
13
Which group is the most recently discovered?
Thaumarchaeota
Nanoarchaeota
Korarchaeota
All of the above
14
The knowledge used to date fossils and rocks is known as…
Palentolic dating
Paleomagnetic dating
Radiometric dating
15
The host range of a virus is determined by
the proteins in the host's cytoplasm.
whether its nucleic acid is DNA or RNA.
the proteins on its surface and that of the host.
the enzymes carried by the virus.
16
Enzyme that unwinds the DNA
Primase
Helicase
Ligase
DNA Polymerase
17
Which enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a DNA strand in the 5' → 3' direction?
Helicase
DNA polymerase III
DNA ligase
primase
18
Which of the following is a protein produced by a regulatory gene?
Inducer
operon
repressor
Promoter
19
extremophiles live in comfortable conditions
False
True
20
Translation occurs at the Ribosome
False
True
21
What is the model used to show Phylogeny called?
Phylogene model
Phylogene tree
Pylogenetic model
Phylogenetic tree
22
Introns are a non-coding intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene
True
False
23
Identified that heat-killed deadly bacteria mixed with harmless live bacteria would become deadly.
Oswald Avery
Hershey and Chase
T.H. Morgan
Frederick Griffith
24
Unwinds and separates parent strands.
Helicase
primer
Primase
Leading strand
25
The arm of a human is an example of homologie...
False
True
26
A lack of which molecule would result in the cell's inability to "turn off" genes?
inducer
operon
promoter
corepressor
27
Homologies are
Similar environment
Different traits
Similar traits
Different environment
28
Two species that are each other's closest relatives are called sister species.
False
True
29
mRNA base triplets are called
Polypeptides
Nucleic Acids
Codons
Amino Acids
30
Which of the following terms does not directly pertain to translation?
tRNA
DNA
Polypeptide
rRNA
31
What is the function of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses?
It hydrolyzes the host cell's DNA.
It uses viral RNA as a template for DNA synthesis.
It converts host cell RNA into viral DNA.
It uses viral RNA as a template for making complementary RNA strands.
32
Carolus Linnaeus created…
Nomial Nomenclature
Binomial Nomenclature
Monomial Nomenclature
Trinomial Nomenclature
33
The morphological species concept distinguishes species based on what?
Reproductive differences
Physical similarities
Physical differences
Reproductive similarities
34
Plate tectonics are the geophysics of the movement of major land masses.
False
True
35
Fossils are found in ______ rock?
Basaltic
Slate
Igneous
Sedimentary
36
Operator's are essentially The "switch" to turn on and off a gene.
True
False
37
Mechanisms that prevent hybridization from occurring are…
Prezygotic isolating
Reinforcement
Postzygotic isolating
38
What is alternative RNA splicing?
allows a single gene to code for multiple proteins.
allows multiple genes to code for multiple proteins.
allows a gene to make a gene.
allows a single gene to code for one protein.
39
What does a promoter do?
it is another word for ribosomes
it allows a gene to be transcribed
it is another word for RNA
it creates a DNA segment
40
Exotoxins are not soluble proteins released by living, multiplying bacteria.
True
False
41
The three stages of transcription are Initiation, elongation, and _______
Termination
Transcription
Radification
Promotion
42
What is the function of a promoter?
A sequence of DNA used to make proteins.
a sequence of DNA needed to turn a gene on or off.
A sequence of DNA used to reproduce.
A sequence of DNA used to kill cells.
43
What is taxonimy?
The clasiyfing of biological organisms.
The classyinf of dead things.
The classifying of birds
Whne you stuff dead animals.
44
Hershey and Chase Worked with fruit flies - showed that genes were on chromosomes.
True
False
45
Strings of Ribosome
Spliceosome
Ribozymes
Ribonucleoproteins
Polyribosomes
