Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology

In order to be able to repeat experiments, psychologists use ______ to specify variables.

A sub-group of people that fairly represents a population is called:

Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions without examining evidence is:

Goranson ask people to predict how fast they could solve anagrams to test what human behavior?

What kind of a relationships does this scatterplot show?

What do we call the mathematical expression of the relationship between two variables?

Researchers examine physical activity effect on mental alertness. I.V. = ___. D.V. = ___.

The outcome factor, or the variable that may change in response to manipulations, is:

Results are considered statistically significant if:

The experimental factor that is manipulated and controlled by the researchers is:

Janet thinks because sugar + hyperactivity = correlated, sugar leads to hyperactivity. Flaw?

When research participants are given the placebo treatment, they are part of the:

Which is NOT a measure of central tendency?

Valuing evidence that confirms previously held beliefs, while ignoring contradictory evidence:

Which is NOT one of the ethical rules psychologists need to follow?

What is the difference between case studies, surveys, and nat. obs. AND experimentation?

When researcher and participant are ignorant to who received the real vs. placebo treatment:

When a research participant's expectations / predictions influence their reactions.

Researchers closely study the behavior of "HM", a man whose cerebellum was removed. Example of:

When we examine how closely two variables change together, we are looking at:

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of experimentation?

In psych science, what is a general idea or explanation that organizes observed behaviors?

Doctor gives patient pill. Says will reduce pain. Patient feels less pain. Pill was just sugar.

All of the possible cases in a group a researcher is interested in studying is called:

Jon believes sugar --> hyperactivity. He only notices when a child eats sugar then gets hyper.

Which number represents a WEAK, POSITIVE relationship between two variables?

The "I-knew-it-all-along" phenomenon is another term for:

Our tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that we foresaw the out come all along.

The tendency to overestimate how much others agree with our beliefs and opinions is called:

Researchers observed the time it took for post office workers to complete a task. Example of:

What kind of relationship does this scatterplot represent?

Researchers place participants in the experimental and control conditions by the process of:

When participants are exposed to the real treatment in an experiment, they are part of the:

A numeric representation of how likely it is that experiment results occurred by chance.

The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, etc. shared by a group of people and generations.

Which number represents a STRONG, NEGATIVE relationship between variables?

That vegetarians believe more people are vegetarians than actually are. This demonstrates:

What research method looks at many cases in less depth by questioning a sample of a population?

The perception of a relationship where no relationship exists is called:

Researcher testing effect of drug on level of depression. Drug = __. Level of depression = __.

Which research method involves observing and recording behaviors of people in natural settings?

Dr. Santos's experiment caused participant Marta to feel very depressed. What rule violated?

Researcher tests new reading strategy on reading comp. Strategy = _. Comprehension = _.

Which number represents a STRONG, POSITIVE relationship between variables?

The human tendency to think we are (or will be) right more than we actually are is called:

Which is NOT a measure of variation?

Which research method studies one person in depth with the hope of applying findings to all?

In psych science, what is a testable prediction that often comes from a theory?

One potential flaw of the survey method of research is:

To see if research findings can be re-applied to different populations, psychologists use: