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WB Biology Review
What phrase best describes cancer?
The chromosome of a bacterium
WB Biology Review
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A Biology EOY Exam Review.
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Answers
1
The chromosome of a bacterium
is wrapped around proteins
has a circular shape
is found within the nucleus
occurs in multiple pairs within a cell
2
What phrase best describes cancer?
presence of genetic defects
multiple gene mutations
absence of cyclins
uncontrolled cell growth
3
The variable that is measured in an experiment is the _____________ variable.
independent
dependent
experimental
control
4
The cell shown is probably an animal cell because it
does not have a nucleus
does not have a cell wall
has a cell membrane
has mitochondria
5
One difference between plants and animals is that plants are
eukaryotic and animals are prokaryotic
autotrophs and animals are heterotrophs
prokaryotic and animals are eukaryotic
heterotrophs and animals are autotrophs
6
Watson and Crick build models that demonstrated that
thymine forms hydrogen bonds with cytosine
DNA is made of two strands that twist into a double helix
DNA and RNA have the same structure
guanine forms hydrogen bonds with adenine
7
Taxonomy is
the science of naming and classifying organisms
the study of life
the sequence in which different groups evolved
the evolutionary history of a species
8
Which box in the Punnett square represents a child who does not have freckles?
Box 2
Box 3
Box 1
Box 4
9
The phenotype of an organism
cannot be seen
occurs only in dominant individuals
is used to represent its genetic composition
is the physical appearance of a trait
10
A disease was found equally in males and females through a family. The gene for this disease is
sex-linked dominant
autosomal recessive
autosomal dominant
sex-linked recessive
11
Since the allele for colorblindness is located on the X chromosome, colorblindness
is sex-linked
cannot be inhereited
None of the above
occurs only in adults
12
The finches that Darwin studied differed in the shape of their beaks. The finches probably
would become more similar over time
were descended from similar birds in Africa
had become adapted to eating different diets
came with those traits from South America
13
Four of the kingdoms include eukaryotes and the other two include
animals
fungi
plants
prokaryotes
14
The red maple is also known as
Acer rubrum.
Its scientific name is
red maple
rubrum
Acer rubrum
Acer
15
Tallness (T) is dominant to shortness (t). What would be the genotype of a heterozygous ant?
T
Tt
tt
TT
16
Which cells have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA?
All cells
Only animal cells
Only prokaryotic cells
Only eukaryotic cells
17
Plants use carbon dioxide to build organic molecules during the process of
combustion
transpiration
photosynthesis
respiration
18
Which structure immediately identifies this cell as a eukaryote?
Structure 3
Structure 1
Structure 2
Structure 4
19
Which of the following best explains the observation that females rarely get hemophilia?
Female fetuses having allele for disease die before birth
Female has disease only if both parents are carriers
Female diseased only if mom is a carrier & dad has disease
Large quantities of male cause the disease hemophillia
20
Which of the following led to the discovery of cells?
computers
calculators
electricity
microscope
21
Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes containing genes that code for
the same traits
DNA
sex
different traits
22
The child in box 3 of the Punnett square have the genotype
FfFf
FF
Ff
ff
23
In humans, the male determines the sex of the child because males have
46 chromosomes
one X and one Y chromosome
two X chromosomes
two Y chromosomes
24
The scientific study of heredity is called
meiosis
pollination
genetics
crossing-over
25
The correct order of the biological hierarchy from kingdom to species is
Domain, kingdom, class, family, order, phylum, genus, specie
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, specie
kingdom, class, order, domain, phylum, family, genus, specie
kingdom, phylum, class, family, order, phylum, genus, specie
26
The organism
Quercus phellos
is a member of the genus
phellos
Protista
Plantae
Quercus
27
The parents shown in the Punnett square could have children with a phenotypic ratio of
2:2
1:2:1
4:0
3:1
28
The two types of nucleic acids are
DNA and ATP
nucleotides and ATP
RNA and ATP
DNA and RNA
29
A nucleotide consists of
a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base
a sugar, a protein, and adenine
a sugar, an amino acid, and starch
a starch, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base
30
When a chromosome condenses
its centromere splits
beads form on the DNA double helix
a histone wraps around chromatin
looped domains coil into a structure
31
The child represented in box 1 in the Punnett square would
not have freckles
be homozygous for freckles
have an extra freckles chromosome
be heterozygous for freckles
32
The amount of guanine in an organism always equals the amount of
adenine
thymine
cytosine
protein
33
A model used by biologists to represent evolutionary history among species is called a
histogram
phylogram
cladogram
parallelogram
34
An advantage of our scientific naming system is that
common names mean the same in all countries
organisms all have the same scientific name
Latin names are easy to pronounce
biologists can discuss regardless of their native languages
35
A hypothesis is a
definite answer to a given problem
concluding statement
proven statement
testable possible explanation of an observation
36
What is shown in the diagram above?
DNA nucleotides
RNA nucleotides
proteins
amino acids
37
What is the protein molecule coded for by a piece of mRNA with the sequence CUCAAGUGCUUC?
Pro-Glu-Leu-Val
Leu-Lys-Cys-Phe
Ser-Tyr-Arg-Gly
Val-Asp-Pro-His
38
In humans, gametes contain
1 autosome and 45 sex chromosomes
45 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome
1 autosome and 22 sex chromosomes
22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome
39
The phenotype of an organism
is the physical appearance of a trait
cannot be seen
is used to represent its genetic composition
occurs only in dominant individuals
40
The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by
ionic bonds
hydrogen bonds
peptide bonds
covalent bonds
41
Which of the following is not found in RNA?
adenine
uracil
thymine
cytosine
42
Which of the following is NOT part of a nucelotide in a DNA molecule
a sugar
a phosphate group
a base
three phosphate groups
43
Which of the following molecules are most closely related to proteins?
nucleotides
monosaccharides
amino acids
sugars
44
Surface area is an important factor in limiting cell growth because it may be
that wastes cannot leave the cell if it is too small
too large to take in enough food and remove enough wastes
that materials cannot enter the cell if it is too large
that the cell can burst if the membrane becomes too large
45
To function most efficiently, a cell's size must be
large
small
any size
medium
46
Which structure acts as a boundary between the outside environment and the inside of a cell?
structure 4
structure 1
structure 3
structure 2
47
The energy that drives metabolism in animals comes from
heredity
homeostasis
water
food
48
A trait that allows organisms to survive and reproduce better than others without the trait is
an accomodation
an adaptation
a selection
a variation
49
A change in a gene due to damage or incorrect copying is called
a mutation
meiosis
evolution
segregation
50
Molecules of DNA are composed of long chains of
monosaccharides
amino acids
fatty acids
nucleotides
51
DNA stores
fat
hereditary information
energy
carbohydrates
52
During DNA replication, a complementary strand to the original DNA strand of "CCTAGCT" would be
GGATCGA
AAGTATC
CCTAGCT
TTGCATG
53
Biology is the study of
energy
life
weather
minerals
54
The X and Y chromosomes are called
extra chromosomes
autosomes
sex chromosomes
homologous chromosomes
55
Sructure within a eukaryotic cell that carries out specific activities inside the cell is a(n)
nucleus
membrane
organelle
cytoplasm