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APES Plate Tectonics, Lithosphere, and Soil Flashcards | StudBud
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APES Plate Tectonics, Lithosphere, and Soil
APES Plate Tectonics, Lithosphere, and Soil
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An AP #environmental #science quiz on #Earth structure, #plate #tectonics, #rock cycle, and #soil
Flashcards
30 cards
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Questions
30
Answers
1
What type of rock is formed when magma cools slowly below the Earth's surface?
biochemical sedimentary rock
extrusive igenous rock
intrusive igneous rock
clastic sedimentary rock
2
In order for igneous rock to turn into metamorphic rock it must be subjected to...
compaction and cementation
weathering and erosion
heat and pressure
melting and cooling
3
This soil horizon is described as subsoil & has nutrients that illuviated through the E horizon
C
A
O
B
4
The San Andreas Fault is a...
Divergent boundary
Transform boundary
convergent boundary
Deform boundary
5
Which of the following is most likely to happen in soil with a high percent of clay?
nutrient leaching
waterlogging
erosion
drought
6
Sedimentary rock could become igneous rock by
melting and cooling
heat and pressure
weathering and erosion
compaction and cementation
7
A soil heavy in this has very fine particles that are easily compacted & have low permeability
humus
clay
sand
silt
8
Which rock is probably best for chipping off sharp, flat fragments to make an emergency knife?
marble
basalt
pumice
flint
9
Which type of rock can experience weathering and erosion?
sedimentary rock
any type of rock
metamorphic rock
igneous rock
10
Which soil grain size are most likely to find at the bottom of a river?
clay
silt
humus
sand
11
The A soil horizon is likely to be thickest in which general biome
forest
desert
tundra
grassland
12
At a continental-continental convergent plate boundary...
the older plate is crushed below the younger one
the denser plate subducts below the less dense plate
two plates push each other upwards due to similar densities
new crust is created
13
In which type of climate would you expect nutrients to cycle fastest in the soil?
somewhere mild and dry
somewhere hot and wet
somewhere hot and dry
somewhere mild and wet
14
Which lists the soil horizons in order of least to most nutrient rich?
B, A, C
A, C, B
A, B, C
C, B, A
15
Which is commonly associated with transform boundaries?
volcanoes
earthquake
all of these
new crust
16
Igneous rock that has been degraded into sediment can become a sedimentary rock by...
heat and pressure
weathering and erosion
melting and cooling
compaction and cementation
17
convection currents occur because when magma is heated it ______ because it becomes _____
rises; less dense
sinks; less dense
rises; more dense
sinks; more dense
18
The lithosphere consists of
the outer and inner core
the upper and lower mantle
the crust and upper mantle
only the crust
19
Despite having very nutrient soil, why do temperate grasslands lack trees?
the soil is not humid enough
permafrost blocks tree roots
the soil drains too quickly
the soil is too shallow to anchor trees
20
mycorrhizae are fungi that live on plant roots and have a _________ relationship with the plant
mutualistic
competitive
predatory
parasitic
21
Why is percolation impactful to soil quality?
it prevents the leaching of nutrients and minerals
it causes damage to freshwater systems
it helps prevent runoff
it helps nutrients and water to soak into the soil
22
New crust is generate at
areas of continental uplift
subduction zones
rift valleys
transform fault lines
23
How are rocks classified?
chemical makeup
physical features
age
how they are created
24
This term describes the movement of organic matter and nutrients through soil layers
illuviation
percolation
infiltration
erosion
25
The youngest rock on oceanic crusts can be found...
near coastlines
near mid-ocean ridges
in trenches
far from mid-ocean ridges
26
The process of breaking down rock/soil is...
illuviation
erosion
lithification
weathering
27
Which of the listed biome should have the greatest amount of nutrients in its soil?
tundra
chaparal
temperate deciduous forest
tropical rainforest
28
Divergent boundaries can create all of the following EXCEPT:
mid-ocean ridges
rift valleys
volcanoes
mountain ranges
29
What forms when heat & pressure squeezes the flat/elongated minerals in a rock, aligning them?
non-foliated metamorphic rock
clastic sedimentary rock
foliated metamorphic rock
chemical sedimentary rock
30
Which characteristic is most likely to apply to pumice?
bands of alternating colors
light in weight
containing a fossil
large crystals
