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Sensation and Perception
Sensation and Perception
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ap psychology review of sensation and perception #appsychology #psychology #sensation #perception
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1
Which theory best explains how we perceive low pitched sounds?
opponent process theory
frequency theory
place theory
the Young Helmholtz theory
2
Which receptor cells most directly enable us to distinguish different wavelengths of light?
cones
rods
bipolar cells
feature detectors
3
Bottom up processing involves analysis that begins with the
optic nerve
occipital lobe
cerebral cortex
sensory receptors
4
Bipolar cells are located in the
optic nerve
blind spot
lens
retina
5
Feature detectors identified by Hubel & Weisel respond to specific aspects of ___stimulation
olfactory
visual
auditory
vestibular
6
The organization of 2 dimensional retinal images into 3 dimensional perceptions is called
depth perception
monocular cues
perceptual constancy
retinal disparity
7
The semicircular canals are most directly relevant to
the vestibular sense
hearing
accommodation
kinesthesis
8
Which of the following is a binocular cue for the perception of distance
retinal disparity
relative size
relative motion
linear perspective
9
The amount of light entering the eye is regulated by the
iris
retina
pupil
lens
10
Influence of bodily sensations, gestures, and other states on cognitive preferences & judgments
kinesthesia
embodied cognition
parallel processing
synesthesia
11
The detection and encoding of stimulus energies by the nervous system
sensation
accommodation
signal detection
priming
12
If the JND for a 10oz weight is 1 ounce, the JND for an 80oz weight would be _____ ounces.
6
8
24
2
13
Which of the following senses is best described as a chemical sense?
smell
touch
vision
audition
14
Diminished sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as
sensory accommodation
sensory adaptation
blindsight
transduction
15
Cones and rods are to vision as ______ are to audition.
hair cells
eardrums
oval windows
cochleas
16
People who demonstrate blindsight have most likely suffered damage to their
visual cortex
optic nerve
lens
fovea
17
The minimum amount of stimulation a person needs to detect a stimulus 50% of the time is called
difference threshold
adaption threshold
absolute threshold
subliminal threshold
18
Relative luminance most clearly contributes to
the moon illusion
lightness constancy
pshcyophysics
the phi phenonmenon
19
A cochlear implant would be most helpful for those who suffer
loss of balance
loss of position
conduction hearing loss
sensorineural hearing loss
20
Alex tickles his brother by stroking adjacent ______ spots on his skin.
pressure
warmth
pain
cold
21
Which factor appears to be important for the development of depth perception in infancy?
retinal disparity
crawling experience
biological maturation
perceptual constancy
22
Objects are brought into focus on the retina by changes in the curvature and thickness of the
cornea
lens
rods and cones
optic nerve
23
Which theory can best explain why people respond differently to the same stimuli?
frequency theory
Young Helmholtz
signal detection theory
bottom up theory
24
Light wave amplitude determines
intensity of colors
firing of rods in the retina
parallel processing of a scene
color hue we experience
25
The fact that people who are colorblind to ed and green may still see yellow is explained by
the frequency theory
the opponent process theory
the Young-Helmholtz theory
the place theory
26
Intensity is to brightness as wavelength is to
hue
frequency
disparity
amplitude
27
Phantom limb sensation best illustrate that pain can be experienced in the absence of
parallel processing
sensory input
conscious awareness
top-down processing
28
Receptors for kinesthesis are located in the
joints, tendons, bones, and ear
auditory cortex
inner ear
olfactory epithelium
29
Which of the following is most helpful in perceiving the distance of objects far away from you?
monocular cues
binocular cues
continuity
phi phenomenon
30
The simultaneous stimulation of adjacent cold & warmth spots on the skin produce sensations of
hot
cold
wetness
pressure
31
A perceptual set is a
tendency to fill in gaps to perceive a complete object
mental predisposition that influences what we perceive
readiness to perceive an object in a negative fashion
conditioned response to a perceived event
32
The amplitude of electromagnetic waves determines the _____ of light.
absolute threshold
brightness
hue
wavelength
33
The basilar membrane is located in the
cochlea
middle ear
auditory canal
semicircular canal
34
The adjustable opening in the center of the eye is the
fovea
iris
cornea
pupil
35
A floating sea vessel is to the ocean water as ________ is to __________.
closure; continuity
proximity; similarity
light and shadow; relative height
figure; ground
36
Which theory best explains the occurrence of afterimages?
opponent process
place
frequency
trichromatic
37
Sensation is to ______ as perception is to ________
detection; interpretation
threshold; transduction
encoding; detection
interpretation; organization
38
The convergence of parallel lines provides the distance cue known as
continuity
relative height
interposition
linear perspective
39
Damage to the hammer, anvil, and stirrup is most likely to cause
prosopagnosia
sensorineural hearing loss
conduction hearing loss
synesthesia
40
The perception that Bugs Bunny is hopping across a movie screen illustrates
retinal disparity
stroboscopic movement
frequency theory
linear perspective
41
The sequentially flashing Christmas tree lights appeared to move. This illustrates...
frequency theory
retinal disparity
relative motion
phi phenomenon
42
Chicks can adapt to visual distortion
true
false
43
The human ability to speedily recognize familiar objects best illustrates the value of
sensory interaction
parallel processing
accommodation
subliminal stimulation
44
The Ames illusion can best be explained in terms of
shape constancy
the visual cliff
the misperception of distance
retinal disparity
45
Weber's Law is relevant to an understanding of
difference thresholds
sensory adaptation
parallel processing
absolute thresholds
46
On a cloudy day, a yellow flower is likely to appear _____ it does on a bright sunny day
equally as yellow as
less yellow than
less colorful than
more yellow than
47
The impact of experience on perception is most clearly illustrated by
the phi phenomenon
relative luminance
retinal disparity
perceptual adaptation
48
The McGurk effect best illustrates
the rubber hand illusion
color constancy
phantom limb sensations
sensory interaction
49
Interposition is a cue for depth perception in which closer objects
reflect light to one eye more quickly than the other
appear lower in the horizon than do distant objects
create larger retinal images than do distant objects
obstruct our view of distant objects
50
A subliminal message is one that's presented
in a manner that's unconsciously persuasive
with very soft background music
below one's absolute threshold for awareness
while a person is under hypnosis
51
Damage to the fovea would have the greatest effect on
sensory adaptation
visual acuity
peripheral vision
night vision
52
The pitch of a sound is determined by what?
the decibel level of a sound wave
the loudness of a sound wave
the frequency of a sound wave
the amplitude of a sound wave
53
The closer objects are to you, the larger they seem.
true
false
54
An 80 decibel sound is _____ times louder than a 60 decibel sound.
10
20
100
2
55
Humans experience the longest visible electromagnetic waves as
the color blue-violet and the shortest waves as red
the color red and the shortest waves as green
the color red and the shortest waves as blue-violet
the color blue and the shortest waves as yellow
56
The brain's release of endorphins reduces
retinal disparity
pain
sensation
tinnitus
57
A gestalt is best described as a(n)
perceptual set
organized whole
binocular cue
illusion
58
If you burn your finger _____ transmit pain triggering signals to your CNS
nociceptors
feature detectors
ganglion cells
hair cells
59
Sensory adaptation helps us to focus our attention on what kind of stimuli
intense
subliminal
novel
familiar
60
The quick succession of briefly flashed images in a motion picture produces
linear perspective
stroboscopic movement
retinal disparity
the Ponzo illusion
61
The most light sensitive receptor cells are the
rods
ganglion cells
cones
bipolar cells
62
Joe's dr. said that a hearing aid would restore his hearing. It's likely his problem is w/in
middle ear
auditory nerve
inner ear
basilar membrane
63
When people stare at a red square & then look at a white surface, the afterimage will be
red
blue
yellow
green
64
Which of the following is the correct order of structures light passes through in the eye?
pupil, cornea, retina, lens, optic nerve
retina, lens, cornea, rods, cones
lens, cornea, pupil, retina, iris
cornea, iris, pupil, lens, retina
65
The area of the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye is called
blind spot
cornea
pupil
visual cortex
66
Cocking your head would be useful for detecting the _____ of a sound.
location
pitch
loudness
intensity
67
Olfactory receptor cells are essential for our sense of
smell
kinesthesis
touch
hearing
68
The ability to pay attention to only one voice at a time is called
sound localization
change blindness
the cocktail party effect
sensory interaction
69
A cochlear implant converts sounds into
fluid vibrations
decibels
electrical signals
neurotransmitters
70
The semicircular canals are most directly relevant to
hearing
parallel processing
the vestibular sense
kinesthesis
