Criminology: sociological theories of crime (Unit 2, AC 2.3)

Question 1

Individuals labelled as deviant may embrace their master status and develop what?

Accepted Answer

A deviant career

Question 2

Which theory suggests crime is caused by a poor fit between society's goals and the approved means of achieving them?

Accepted Answer

Merton's Strain Theory

Question 3

What, according to Box (1981), does corporate mystification create?

Accepted Answer

False consciousness: capitalism is good & corporate crime is less serious

Question 4

Who suggested that crime may be prevented by capable guardians, e.g. police?

Accepted Answer

Cohen & Felson

Question 5

According to Chambliss (1975), capitalism is ________ ?

Accepted Answer

Criminogenic

Question 6

Which theorist suggested that crime & deviance are socially constructed?

Accepted Answer

Becker

Question 7

Which Left Realist theorists stated that crime is the result of marginalization and relative deprivation?

Accepted Answer

Lea & Young

Question 8

Durkheim claimed that crime is inevitable, universal, relative & _____________ ?

Accepted Answer

Functional

Question 9

Which of the following statements describes Lemert's primary deviance?

Accepted Answer

Widespread, usually trivial offending, often undetected

Question 10

True or false? Marxism is a (macro) structural theory of society

Accepted Answer

True

Question 11

Who argued that ideas about crime and deviance reflect society's collective consciousness & value consensus?

Accepted Answer

Durkheim

Question 12

Reiman (2009) claims that the bourgeoisie blame the moral failings of the _____________ for crime & disorder

Accepted Answer

Proletariat

Question 13

True or false? According to Functionalists AND Marxists, crime is inevitable

Accepted Answer

True

Question 14

Wilson & Kelling's Broken Windows Theory suggests what?

Accepted Answer

When social controls weaken & community civility is lost, crime increases

Question 15

Labelling Theory is an example of which type of theory?

Accepted Answer

Interactionism

Question 16

For Merton, cultural institutions, e.g. mass media, socialise people into believing __________ ?

Accepted Answer

That the acquisition of material success is a realistic goal

Question 17

Who suggested that in Britain, a criminogenic, welfare-dependent under-class has emerged?

Accepted Answer

Murray

Question 18

According to Durkheim, crime prevents what?

Accepted Answer

Anomie

Questions 18