What is a primary function of an operating system in a computer?

To manage hardware resources and provide services for software

What is the primary function of Random Access Memory (RAM) in a computer system?

To hold data and instructions temporarily for active programs

Which statement best describes Read-Only Memory (ROM)?

It is non-volatile and holds permanent instructions like BIOS.

What is a common limitation of the Von Neumann architecture in CPU?

Slow data transfer between memory and CPU due to shared bus.

In the input-process-output model, what happens during the “process” stage?

Data is manipulated or transformed according to instructions

What is the main purpose of cache memory in the CPU?

To provide fast access to frequently used data and instructions

What is a key characteristic of a high-level programming language?

It is closer to human language and easier to read and write.

A general-purpose device that processes data according to instructions

What happens during the decode stage of the fetch-decode-execute cycle?

The Control Unit interprets the instruction and directs components

Which statement correctly compares Hard Disk Drives (HDD) and Solid-State Drives (SSD)?

SSDs are faster and more durable but typically more expensive than HDDs.

In which scenario would a low-level language like assembly be preferred over a high-level language like Python?

Writing firmware for an embedded system with limited resources

What is the primary role of logic gates in a computer system?

To perform decision-making operations using binary inputs

What happens during the “fetch” stage of the fetch-decode-execute cycle?

The CPU retrieves an instruction from memory using the Program Counter.

Which statement best compares high-level and low-level programming languages?

High-level are more abstract, low-level are closer to machine code

How does cache memory improve CPU performance, and why is it critical for a program executing multiple loops?

Cache holds frequently accessed instructions and data

How does an operating system manage hardware during the fetch-decode-execute cycle?

It coordinates data transfer between the CPU and memory

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GCSE CS Lesson 1

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Questions 27

Answers

1
An OR followed by AND then NOT, Which inputs will create a 0 (FALSE) in output?
A : 0 B : 1 C : 1
A : 1 B : 0 C : 0
A : 0 B : 0 C : 1
A : 1 B : 1 C : 0
2
What is a primary function of an operating system in a computer?
To create documents and spreadsheets
To store user data permanently
To perform calculations for user applications
To manage hardware resources and provide services for software
3
Which of the following is an example of an input device?
Keyboard
Monitor
Printer
Speakers
4
Which component of the CPU is responsible for performing arithmetic and logical operations?
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Registers
Control Unit
Cache Memory
5
What is the primary function of Random Access Memory (RAM) in a computer system?
To store the computer’s BIOS permanently
To store data permanently even when the power is off
To perform arithmetic calculations
To hold data and instructions temporarily for active programs
6
An AND gate followed by OR gate, Which inputs will create a 1 (TRUE) in output(Q)?
A : 0 B : 0 C : 0
A : 1 B : 0 C : 0
A : 0 B : 1 C : 0
A : 1 B : 1 C : 0
7
Which statement best describes Read-Only Memory (ROM)?
It stores the operating system for quick access.
It is non-volatile and holds permanent instructions like BIOS.
It is volatile and loses data when the power is turned off.
It is used to cache frequently accessed data for the CPU.
8
What is a common limitation of the Von Neumann architecture in CPU?
Inability to store instructions in memory.
Lack of support for input and output devices.
Limited processing speed due to multiple CPUs competing for resources.
Slow data transfer between memory and CPU due to shared bus.
9
Which register in the CPU holds the memory address of the next instruction to be fetched?
Program Counter (PC)
Memory Address Register (MAR)
Instruction Register (IR)
Accumulator
10
In the input-process-output model, what happens during the “process” stage?
Data is stored permanently for later use
Data is entered into the computer
Data is manipulated or transformed according to instructions
Data is displayed or sent to an output device
11
What is the main purpose of cache memory in the CPU?
To provide fast access to frequently used data and instructions
To store large amounts of user data permanently
To manage input and output devices
To store the operating system’s core files
12
What is a key characteristic of a high-level programming language?
It requires no translation to run on a computer.
It is closer to human language and easier to read and write.
It is written in binary and directly understood by the CPU.
It is used only for hardware control.
13
What is a Computer?
A general-purpose device that processes data according to instructions
A machine used exclusively for gaming and entertainment
A device that only stores data permanently
A tool that only connects to the internet
14
What happens during the decode stage of the fetch-decode-execute cycle?
The CPU retrieves data from memory
The ALU performs a calculation
The Accumulator stores the final result
The Control Unit interprets the instruction and directs components
15
Which statement correctly compares Hard Disk Drives (HDD) and Solid-State Drives (SSD)?
HDDs use flash memory, while SSDs use magnetic storage.
SSDs are volatile, while HDDs are non-volatile.
HDDs are faster but have lower storage capacity than SSDs.
SSDs are faster and more durable but typically more expensive than HDDs.
16
In which scenario would a low-level language like assembly be preferred over a high-level language like Python?
Developing a web application with a user-friendly interface
Building a cross-platform mobile application
Creating a machine learning model for data analysis
Writing firmware for an embedded system with limited resources
17
An OR gate followed by a NOT gate. Which inputs will create a 1 (TRUE) in output(Q)?
A: 1 B : 0
A: 0 B : 0
A: 1 B : 1
A: 0 B : 1
18
Which of the following is an example of an operating system?
Antivirus software
Google Chrome
Linux
Microsoft Word
19
What is the primary role of logic gates in a computer system?
To store data permanently
To manage the fetch-decode-execute cycle
To connect the computer to the internet
To perform decision-making operations using binary inputs
20
What happens during the “fetch” stage of the fetch-decode-execute cycle?
The CPU retrieves an instruction from memory using the Program Counter.
The CPU interprets the instruction to determine the operation.
The CPU stores the result of the operation in memory.
The CPU performs the operation specified by the instruction.
21
What component of a computer is primarily responsible for processing data in the input-process-output model?
Random Access Memory (RAM)
Graphics Card
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
22
A17 Pro chip's transistor is 3nm in width, which the similar to the size of:
Red Blood Cell
Width of Human Hair
Virus
DNA Strand
23
iPhone 15 Pro uses the A17 Pro chip, How many transistor is in this chip.
19,000,000,000 (19 billion)
2,000,000,000,000 (2 trillion)
680,000,000 (680 million)
5,000,000 (5 million)
24
Which of the following is an example of utility software?
A spreadsheet program
An operating system
A web browser
A disk defragmenter
25
Which statement best compares high-level and low-level programming languages?
High-level languages are faster to execute but harder to write
Low-level languages are easier to read but require more memory
High-level are more abstract, low-level are closer to machine code
Low-level for web development, while high-level for system programming
26
How does cache memory improve CPU performance, and why is it critical for a program executing multiple loops?
Cache holds frequently accessed instructions and data
All of the above
Cache stores the operating system,reducing decode time for all instructions
Cache manages I/O device data, bypassing memory in the execute stage.
27
How does an operating system manage hardware during the fetch-decode-execute cycle?
It coordinates data transfer between the CPU and memory
It directly executes application software
It stores permanent data on the hard drive
It performs calculations in the ALU

GCSE CS Lesson 1 Flashcards | StudBud