A human activity that could significantly decrease the amount ofcarbon dioxide in the air is

preserving & expanding forest habitats that shelter wildlife

Which farming practice causes the least harm to the environment?

using natural predators to reduce insect numbers

Many scientists are worried about some of Earth’s finite resourcesbecause humans are

using large amounts of some materials that cannot be renewed

A new bird species is introduced to control an insect pest. A negative consequence is that

the birds may consume beneficial insects

One way humans can promote the survival of organisms in an ecosystem is to

D) learn about the interaction of populations

The graph shows changes in a bacterial population over 2 weeks.Which best explains the changes?

The bacteria consumed all of the available food.

A negative effect of cutting down and burning forests might be

A) an increase in global warming

Why would humans decide to release wolves into a park with elk?

B) reduce an overpopulation of elk

Due to overfishing, the number of fish in the ocean coulddrastically decrease. This will cause

C) a decrease in the stability of the oceans

Damage to the ozone shield over the United States is likely to cause

B) increased exposure to ultraviolet light

Less carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would be expected to

A) reduce the rate of global warming

The best explanation for showing fewer organisms at each feeding level in a pyramid is that

some energy is lost to the environment as heat

Which method of protecting members of an endangered species ismost ecologically sound?

A) protecting the habitats from human development

Which would cause the greatest reduction in the biodiversity of a large ecosystem?

C) widespread use of pesticides

A major concern of global warming for humans would most likely be that

sea levels might rise enough to flood some coastal areas

The graph shows the size of a population over time. Which best identifies line B in the graph?

C) carrying capacity of the environment

The desired outcome of using biofuels for cars would be

a decrease in the use of fossil fuels

The likely consequence of a sharp decline in small invertebrate population would be

D) a decrease in the number of crayfish

The finite resources of Earth are affected by increasing human consumption. These resources are

A) not renewable over a short period of time

Abiotic factors that could affect the stability of an ecosystem could include

C) droughts, floods, and heat waves

Increased human population growth usually results in

B) a need for stronger environmental protection laws

Which occurrence most likely led to the other three?

Human population growth continues to increase.

This diagram can be used to represent the

loss of energy from groups of organisms in an ecosystem

Which represents a characteristic of an ecosystem that is not likely to sustain itself?

C) There are more consumers than producers.

Cloning endangered species in order to increase their population size is an example of a

technological fix for the problem of endangered species

Rebates are available to homeowners to install solar panels. This benefits ecosystems b/c it

A) encourages conservation of resources

Areas with many different niches will most likely have

D) great diversity among the organisms

What are the abiotic factors that characterize a forest ecosystem?

B) temperature and amount of available water

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Ms Evanisko Ecology Review for Living Environment Regents Exam

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Questions 53

Answers

1
A human activity that could significantly decrease the amount ofcarbon dioxide in the air is
preserving & expanding forest habitats that shelter wildlife
burning garbage and trash to generate electricity
increasing the use of fossil fuel
controlling insect pests that eat stored grain
2
Which farming practice causes the least harm to the environment?
adding chemical fertilizers to all the crops in the area
planting the same crop in the same field each yr for 10 yrs
planting the same crop for 1 yr on all fields in the area
using natural predators to reduce insect numbers
3
One environmental problem caused by the use of nuclear power as an energy source is the
D) accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere
C) production of acid rain
A) destruction of the ozone shield
B) disposal of wastes
4
The greatest number of relationships between the organisms in an ecosystem is best shown in
D) an ecological succession diagram
B) an energy pyramid
A) a food chain
C) a food web
5
Many scientists are worried about some of Earth’s finite resourcesbecause humans are
using large amounts of some materials that cannot be renewed
interfering with energy flow from consumers to producers
placing industrial wastes in landfills
using carbon dioxide faster than it is being produced
6
Small farms that were abandoned many yrs ago have become hardwood forests.This is an example of
C) ecological succession
D) habitat loss
A) local deforestation
B) biotechnology
7
One biotic factor that affects consumers in an ocean ecosystem is
A) number of autotrophs
B) temperature variation
C) salt content
D) pH of water
8
A new bird species is introduced to control an insect pest. A negative consequence is that
birds may cause an increase of pesticide-resistant insects
the birds may limit the population of the pest insect
the birds may disrupt mineral availability in the ecosystem
the birds may consume beneficial insects
9
One way humans can promote the survival of organisms in an ecosystem is to
D) learn about the interaction of populations
A) decrease diversity in a plant habitats
B) introduce new consumers to control autotrophs
C) release extra CO2 into the atmosphere to help autotrophs
10
The graph shows changes in a bacterial population over 2 weeks.Which best explains the changes?
The bacteria were unable to reproduce until day 8.
The temperature increased and the bacteria died.
The dish contained an antibiotic for the first 5 days.
The bacteria consumed all of the available food.
11
A negative effect of cutting down and burning forests might be
C) a decrease in the average temperature of the atmosphere
B) destruction of the ozone shield
D) an increase in biodiversity of the deforested areas
A) an increase in global warming
12
Farming reduces biodiversity, yet they are needed to feed the world. This is an example of
poor land use
a trade-off
a technological fix
conservation
13
Letter A in the pyramid represents
D) herbivores
B) producers
C) carnivores
A) scavengers
14
Why would humans decide to release wolves into a park with elk?
C) provide food for small predators
D) increase the number of herbivores
A) eliminate unwanted autotrophs
B) reduce an overpopulation of elk
15
Due to overfishing, the number of fish in the ocean coulddrastically decrease. This will cause
A) an increase in the stability of the oceans
D) a decrease in the oxygen available in the oceans
B) an increase in the salt content of the oceans
C) a decrease in the stability of the oceans
16
Damage to the ozone shield over the United States is likely to cause
B) increased exposure to ultraviolet light
A) increased warming of local ecosystems
C) reduction in the pH of acid precipitation
D) reduction in the frequency of floods and droughts
17
Which factor has the greatest influence on the type of ecosystem that will form in an area?
D) percentage of nitrogen gas in the atmosphere
A) genetic variations in the animals
C) number of carnivores
B) climate conditions
18
After a forest fire, which would most likely be the first to grow back (the pioneer species)?
D) mature pine and young deciduous trees
B) oak and hickory trees
A) crabgrass and horseweed
C) broomsedge and pine seedlings
19
Less carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would be expected to
C) decrease the number of biotic factors in ecosystems
D) reduce destruction of the ozone layer
A) reduce the rate of global warming
B) increase damage caused by acid rain
20
The best explanation for showing fewer organisms at each feeding level in a pyramid is that
decomposers convert energy into inorganic compounds
the larger the organism, the less energy it requires
some energy is recycled within each level and remains there
some energy is lost to the environment as heat
21
After a volcanic eruption, slowly soil formed in which shrubs could grow. This is an example of
B) evolution of a species
C) ecological succession
A) manipulation of genes
D) equilibrium
22
The organisms in a pond and the physical factors influencing them best describe
A) a population
B) an ecosystem
C) a biosphere
D) a food chain
23
Which method of protecting members of an endangered species ismost ecologically sound?
C) feeding and constructing shelters for these organisms
D) passing laws that encourage hunting of the predators
A) protecting the habitats from human development
B) capturing these animals & putting them in wildlife parks
24
A graph showing the average temperature & precipitation in Philadelphia over 12 months shows
biotic factors
limiting factors
finite resources
mineral availability
25
Which would cause the greatest reduction in the biodiversity of a large ecosystem?
A) building a new home
C) widespread use of pesticides
B) building a new store in a shopping mall
D) widespread recycling programs
26
Cattail plants r being replaced by purple loosestrife whichhave similar requirements.This shows
D) competition between species
C) random recombination
B) dynamic equilibrium
A) variations within a species
27
Which pair of organisms would most likely compete for the sameecological niche?
C) tree and fungi
B) deer and wolf
A) bacteria and fungi
D) deer and bacteria
28
A major concern of global warming for humans would most likely be that
long-term stability of the climate will benefit ecosystems
the availability of salt water for agriculture will increase
sea levels might rise enough to flood some coastal areas
the threat of extinction of land organisms will decrease
29
The graph shows the size of a population over time. Which best identifies line B in the graph?
A) niche of the species in the environment
D) number of populations in the environment
C) carrying capacity of the environment
B) biodiversity in the environment
30
An earthworm lives in soil & adds organic material to it. It is eaten by bird. This describes
C) an ecological niche
B) autotrophic nutrition
A) a habitat
D) competition
31
The desired outcome of using biofuels for cars would be
a decrease in the use of fossil fuels
an increase in global warming
an increase in abiotic resources
a decrease in the release of oxygen gas
32
A stable ecosystem is characterized by having
C) limited autotrophic nutrition
D) no competition between species
B) a continual input of energy
A) predators that outnumber their prey
33
The likely consequence of a sharp decline in small invertebrate population would be
C) an increase in the number of crabs
D) a decrease in the number of crayfish
A) an increase in the number of clams
B) a decrease in the number of water plants
34
The finite resources of Earth are affected by increasing human consumption. These resources are
C) the result of deforestation
D) needed to degrade ecosystems
A) not renewable over a short period of time
B) the products of rapid human population growth
35
Abiotic factors that could affect the stability of an ecosystem could include
D) species of fish, number of decomposers, & supply of algae
A) hurricanes, packs of wolves, and temperature
B) blizzards, heat waves, and swarms of grasshoppers
C) droughts, floods, and heat waves
36
Cars are inspected to be sure they aren't releasing excessive gases into the atmosphere to
A) recycle more nutrients
B) reduce biodiversity
D) increase the growth rates of forests
C) reduce global warming
37
Increased human population growth usually results in
A) a decrease in the need for farming
B) a need for stronger environmental protection laws
C) lower levels of air and water pollution
D) an increase in natural wildlife habitats
38
A stable ecosystem would not contain
A) materials being cycled
C) decomposers
B) consumers without producers
D) a constant source of energy
39
Which occurrence most likely led to the other three?
Human population growth continues to increase.
The number of African elephants has drastically declined
Rain forests used to cover 14% of Earth &today they cover 6%
Approximately 6,500 gallons of oil were spilled into a river
40
Which change is a cause of the other three?
B) destruction of the ozone shield
C) increased industrialization
A) increased fossil fuel consumption
D) destruction of natural habitats
41
This diagram can be used to represent the
loss of energy from groups of organisms in an ecosystem
mechanisms that maintain homeostasis in an ecosystem
dependency of survival on physical conditions in anecosystem
competition among species in an ecosystem
42
Which organisms directly help to reduce overpopulation in a deerherd?
B) parasites and scavengers
C) decomposers and predators
A) parasites and predators
D) decomposers and consumers
43
Which represents a characteristic of an ecosystem that is not likely to sustain itself?
B) Energy is transferred from plants to animals.
A) The Sun provides the needed energy.
D) There are interactions between biotic & abiotic factors.
C) There are more consumers than producers.
44
A relationship between a consumer and producer is best illustrated by a
D) deer eating grass
C) fungus breaking down wastes
A) snake eating a bird
B) tree absorbing minerals
45
Cloning endangered species in order to increase their population size is an example of a
technological fix for the problem of endangered species
natural method of controlling the population
natural method to decrease ecosystem stability
technological fix to increase habitat destruction
46
Rebates are available to homeowners to install solar panels. This benefits ecosystems b/c it
C) promotes the use of nonrenewable resources
A) encourages conservation of resources
D) discourages the use of alternative energy
B) reduces the need for recycling
47
Areas with many different niches will most likely have
A) large numbers of organisms that will become extinct
D) great diversity among the organisms
B) no organisms that will become extinct
C) little diversity among the organisms
48
Which human activity creates the least threat to global stability?
D) reuse of plastic bags
A) overuse of resources
B) pollution of water with heavy metals
C) pollution of air with sulfur gases
49
In lakes that are exposed to acid rain, fish populations are declining, due to changes in
location
pH
size
temperature
50
What are the abiotic factors that characterize a forest ecosystem?
A) light and biodiversity
D) pH and number of heterotrophs
B) temperature and amount of available water
C) types of procedures and decomposers
51
Electricity generated with water is considered
C) more expensive than nuclear energy
A) a source of water pollution
B) a renewable form of energy
D) responsible for global warming
52
Which statement about this energy pyramid is correct?
Organisms in level 4 receive energy directly from the Sun.
Organisms in level 2 are carnivores.
Organisms in level 2 receive their energy from level 3.
Organisms in level 1 are autotrophic
53
Deforestation could limit future agricultural & medical advances due to
D) the loss of biodiversity
C) an increase in the rate of evolutionary change
B) the maintenance of dynamic equilibrium
A) the improved quality of the atmosphere

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