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AICE Psychology - Core Studies (2024-2026 Syllabus)) Flashcards | StudBud
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AICE Psychology - Core Studies (2024-2026 Syllabus))
AICE Psychology - Core Studies (2024-2026 Syllabus))
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1
90% of first helpers in Piliavin's study were
black
white
male
female
2
Which of the following helped increase Andrade's internal validity?
using a wide range of ages
giving everyone the same doodle sheet
failing to assess daydreaming
performing the study in the real-world
3
What was the
first
step of the trunk wash in Fagen et al's study?
steady
trunk up
trunk here
bucket
4
Which machine was used to measure brain activity in Dement and Kleitman?
MRI
EOG
PET
EEG
5
What happened in Bandura's study after the kids watched their respective model?
They were given a questionnaire.
They were given toys that were promptly taken away.
The researcher took them out for McDonald's.
They were given a Bobo Doll.
6
What did the ill victim carry in the Piliavin study?
a bottle of medicine
a face mask
a cane
tissues
7
In Fagen's study, an elephant was considered "passing" if they mastered what percentage of the trick?
50%
75%
100%
80%
8
How long did the MBSR program in Hölzel's study last?
4 months
8 weeks
12 weeks
4 weeks
9
Which of the following was a strength of Perry's study on personal space?
high ecological validity
high generalization
high statistical significance
high internal validity
10
Because the eyes in Baron-Cohen's study were static and did not move, the test might lack
ecological validity
replicability
generalization
standardization
11
The correlation between AQ and RET score in Baron-Cohen's study was _______.
zero
negative
positive
illusory
12
What did Dement and Kleitman do to prevent demand characteristics in their study?
Connected participants to an EOG.
Had participants sleep in a lab.
Asked participants to abstain from caffeine and alcohol.
Had participants say their dream content into a recording device.
13
In Bandura's study, what did the non-aggressive model do?
played with Tinker Toys
did paperwork under a blanket
interacted nicely with a Bobo Doll
made potato prints
14
Which step of the trunk wash was mostly commonly failed for Fagen's elephants?
steady
blow
trunk here
bucket
15
Which type of learning is most relevant to Bandura's (aggression) study?
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
evaluative learning
social learning
16
In Andrade's study, what were the participants asked to doodle?
flowers
circles and squares
cartoon characters
their choice of item (freeform)
17
Which was NOT one of Milgram's prods?
Although the shocks are painful, there is no permanent tissue damage.
It is absolutely essential that you continue.
Please continue.
You are not allowed to leave until you continue.
18
In Experiment 1 of Perry's study, which was NOT one of the social relationships shown
stranger
ball
friend
family member
19
In Saavedra & Silverman, what was the range of the Feelings Thermometer?
1-9
0-4
1-5
0-8
20
Why was diffusion of responsibility NOT supported in Piliavin's study?
The ill victim received help more often than the drunk victim.
Larger groups were more likely to help than smaller groups.
Black people were more likely to help the black drunk victim.
Men helped more than women.
21
Which of the following was true of the results of Hassett's study?
males preferred plush toys, females preferred wheeled toys
females preferred wheeled toys, males had no significant preference
males preferred wheeled toys, females had no significant preference
males preferred wheeled toys, females preferred plush toys
22
Pozzulo's study had a 2x2x2 design. Which was NOT one of the independent variables?
age
familiar cartoons or unfamiliar humans
target-present or target-absent
gender
23
Which is true about Milgram's sample?
Elderly
from Israel
All male
All college students
24
In Fagen et al, the researchers used which type of observation?
unstructured
controlled
structured
covert
25
In Piliavin's study, what role did the females on the research team have?
victim
model
observer
helper
26
Dement and Kleitman found a positive correlation between dream narrative length and _______.
the number of delta waves
the amount of time spent in REM
the number of eye movements
the number of times the participant slept in the laboratory
27
Which of the following was true of the sample of monkeys used in Hassett's study?
The were from a troop that had lived together over 25 years.
They lived in the jungles of Africa.
They were all vervet monkeys.
There were more males than females.
28
What was the name of the self-report assessment given in Hölzel's study to measure mindfulness?
Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI)
Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ)
Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale (CAMS)
Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS)
29
Which was true about the line-up task in Pozzulo's study?
Target-absent options were indicated by a red "X".
There were five faces shown.
Both kids and adults were asked to point to the correct target.
It was shown on PowerPoint.
30
Which ethical issue was most likely
violated
by Bandura's study on aggression?
deception
informed consent
confidentiality
privacy
31
What was a significant gender interaction in the results of Bandura?
Males in the control group were the most aggressive overall.
The boys were more likely to imitate the model's verbal aggression.
Both boys and girls were more aggressive when exposed to a male model.
Females were more likely to imitate physical aggression than males.
32
The sample size of 34 monkeys in Hassett's study had to be considered for the ethical guideline of _______.
reward, deprivation, and aversive stimuli
housing
numbers
undue harm
33
In Saavedra & Silverman, what were the three follow-up intervals to assess the boy's phobia?
2 months, 4 months, 6 months
immediate, 6 months, 12 months
3 months, 6 months, 12 months
immediate, 1 year, 2 years
34
To create the questions for Revised Eyes Test, how many of the eight judges had to agree on the answer?
8
3
5
7
35
The participants in Hölzel's study were given a full brain scan and a more localized one called
EEG
fMRI
ROI
VBM
36
In Perry's study, the IRI was a measure of
mindfulness
interpersonal distance
empathy
aggression
37
Which of the following behaviors was part of Hassett's behavioral checklist?
Stand on
Kick
Destroy
Hoist
38
What was counterbalanced in Andrade's doodling study?
whether or not they were given an interview
the order of the names in the mock telephone call
whether or not the participant doodled
the recall of names or places
39
Where did participants take the RET in Baron-Cohen's study?
in their own classroom
at the public library
at home
in a quiet room at the university
40
Because Hölzel found increased grey matter in the _____, a real-world application might be to recommend MBSR for _____.
hippocampus, students
insula, those with ADHD
amygdala, firefighters
cerebrum, office workers
41
In Saavedra & Silverman's study, which type of button was rated the highest on the Feelings Thermometer?
hugging mom when she wears large plastic buttons
large plastic buttons
small plastic buttons
small denim jean buttons
42
Which was NOT one of the independent variables in Dement and Kleitman?
whether they were woken up 5 or 15 minutes into REM
whether the participant was woken up during REM or NREM.
the content of their dreams
the direction of eye movements
43
In Fagen's study, the elephants had to learn the correct
sequence
of the trunk wash. This is called
chaining
shaping
luring
capturing
44
What was the name of the first therapy in Saavedra & Silverman (which was unsuccessful)?
exposure and response prevention
disgust therapy
imaginal exposure
contingency management
45
Which was NOT one of the voltage descriptors on Milgram's shock generator?
painful shock
XXX
intense shock
moderate shock
46
By including specific details of the boy's phobia, Saavedra & Silverman may have violated
informed consent
deception
debriefing
confidentiality
47
Andrade recruited participants after they had finished another experiment because she wanted them to be ______.
hungry
bored
motivated
experienced
48
Which feature of Bandura's study lowered demand characteristics?
the laboratory setting
the matched-pairs design
the standardized set of toys
the covert observation behind a mirror
49
Where did the boy in Saavedra and Silverman's study develop his phobia of buttons?
kindergarten class
his parents' closet
an arts and crafts store
an elevator
50
Which was true about the results of the RET in Baron-Cohen's study?
The HFA/AS group did the best overall.
Females outperformed males.
There was a positive correlation between RET score and IQ.
The test had major ceiling effects.
51
How many
juvenile
elephants were part of Fagen's sample?
6
3
5
4
52
The shock generator in Milgram's study was increased by ______ with each wrong answer.
20v
10v
15v
5v
53
There was mild deception in the Pozzulo study as the children were told it was a project on
TV shows and computer games
morning routines
cartoon preferences
eyewitness testimony
54
In Piliavin's study, the victim would collapse after how many seconds?
70
20
150
200
55
What was the teacher in Milgram's study given to convince them the shocks were real?
candy and chocolate
a charged battery
a test shock of 45v
assurance from Milgram himself
56
In Fagen's study, what was the secondary reinforcer?
a bell
chopped banana
elephant chow
a whistle
57
What
qualitative
data was collected by Piliavin?
the time taken for a passenger to help
how the passengers smelled
the physical characteristics of the helper
what the passengers said
58
Which disorder was the boy in Saavedra & Silverman's study diagnosed with?
OCD
PTSD
specific phobia
GAD
59
Which research method was used for Perry et al's study on personal space?
case study
lab experiment
natural experiment
observational
60
Which was NOT one of Piliavin's independent variables?
gender of victim
drunk or ill victim
model behavior
race of victim
61
What is a valid strength of Saavedra & Silverman's study on button phobia?
high generalization
collected both qualitative and quantitative data
no risk of losing objectivity
no demand characteristics
62
The true participant in Milgram's study was given the role of
learner
teacher
experimenter
Bobo Doll
63
Other than memory, what did Andrade measure in her study on doodling?
off-task behavior
the presence of daydreaming
how boring the participants rated the telephone call
writing down accurate names (monitoring)
64
Which of the following is NOT true of REM sleep?
where dreaming occurs
the deepest stage of sleep
brain activity resembles wakefulness
the body is paralyzed
65
In Baron-Cohen's study, which was NOT one of the four groups used?
adults with other developmental disorders (i.e. Tourette's)
general population controls
adults with HFA/AS
students
66
In Milgram's study, what was the voltage where the learner banged loudly on the wall?
300v
200v
250v
150v
67
Elephant 5's failure to learn the trunk wash in Fagen's study may have been due to
her older age
a foot injury
a distracting calf from the next pen
all of these options
68
In Perry's study, how was oxytocin administered to the participants?
nasal drops
by pill
syringe injection
added to a milkshake
69
In Baron-Cohen's study, Group 4 was matched with the HFA/AS group in age and _______.
personality
autism symptoms
gender
IQ
70
Which of the following was a
non-aggressive
comment made by the model in Bandura's study?
He sure is a tough fella
Pow
Throw him in the air
Hit him down
71
Which of the following is true about Hölzel's sample?
recruited from magazine ad
all male
all right-handed
all from the UK
72
Why is sleep an ultradian rhythm?
the cycle repeats multiple times each day
the cycle repeats once per day
all humans do it
it involves different brain wave patterns
73
The use of a structured observation in Fagen's study helped boost the inter-rater _______.
reliability
generalizability
validity
replication
74
What type of correlation did Hölzel find between brain changes and the amount of meditation homework completed?
positive
illusory
zero
negative
75
Which was a problem with the
original
Baron-Cohen Eyes Test?
the glossary was too long
more female eyes were used than males
there were too many answer choices per question
the emotional states included were too complex
76
How does Hassett's study relate to the nature vs. nurture debate?
It supports nature due to socialization processes.
It supports nurture due to sex hormones.
It supports nurture due to socialization processes.
It supports nature due to sex hormones.
77
In Dement & Kleitman, what was a dream associated with horizontal eye movement?
shooting basketball
jumping off a cliff
two people throwing tomatoes at each other
climbing ladders
78
Which of the following was counterbalanced in Perry's study?
whether they were asked for quantitative or qualitative data
empathy levels
the participants' gender
the administration of oxytocin or saline placebo
79
Where was
classical
conditioning shown in Saavedra & Silverman's study?
the boy was disgusted rather than fearful of buttons
the construction of the Feelings Thermometer
buttons were a previously-neutral stimulus paired with a traumatic event
the praise from the boy's mother was used as a reward
80
In Hassett's study, the researchers found a positive correlation between _______ and play time.
the monkey's aggression level
the rank of the monkey
the temperature outside
the color of the toy
81
In Pozzulo's study, if the children's mistakes are due to pressure to make a choice, this is a ______ factor.
biological
social
cognitive
psychodynamic
82
Which was NOT one of the specific behaviors demonstrated by the model in Bandura's study?
kicking the doll around the room
sitting on the doll and punching it in the nose
striking the doll with a mallet
shooting the doll with a dart gun
83
In Pozzulo's study, what was the female actor doing in the video?
brushing her teeth
brushing her hair
getting ready to bed
putting on her coat
84
Which standardization from Hassett's study is accurately stated?
The toys were placed 10 meters apart.
Each observation was 45 minutes long.
There were 12 behaviors on the checklist.
10 observations were conducted.
85
Which of the following was true of the children in Pozzulo's study?
They were all from Ontario, Canada
They were recruited from public school classes
They were aged 5-9
They had never seen the cartoons used in the study before
86
In Bandura's study, how were the children assigned to groups?
based on IRI empathy scores
based on pre-existing aggression
by age and gender
randomly
87
What were the experimenters asked to do in the Pozzulo study so the kids felt less pressure?
dress casually
give out candy
say that the choice doesn't matter
speak softly
88
In Pozzulo's study, children identified target-present cartoon line-ups with ______ accuracy.
70%
20%
99%
50%
89
In Andrade's doodling study, which was true of the sample?
all male
from a medical research council
recruited by newspaper advertisement
all college students
90
How was deception used in Andrade's study?
the memory test given was unexpected
the participants were never told the purpose of the doodle sheet
the participants were told they would be having personal conversations
the participants had to recall places even though they were not monitored
91
In Experiment 2 of Perry's study, how many seconds were the pairs of rooms shown for?
2
20
4
8
92
Which was NOT part of the mock telephone call in Andrade's study?
eight items the party-goers were bringing
eight specific places in England
eight people attending a party
a cat not attending the party
93
What is one individual factor that could have affected the helping behavior in Piliavin's study?
whether or not the person had seen the scenario before
whether or not the research team were good actors
empathy levels
the weather that day
94
The findings of Piliavin could help in real-life by
explaining why we feel bad for drunk people
supporting diffusion of responsibility
identifying who is more likely to help in an emergency
teaching authority figures how to dress to command respect
95
What was the task the teacher had to give the learner in Milgram's study?
facial recognition
true-false questions
memory of paired words
current events
96
In Fagen's study, what term was used to reflect the rewarding of spontaneous, natural behaviors?
shaping
capturing
luring
conditioning
97
Which of the following was NOT a wheeled vehicle used in Hassett's study?
a dump truck
a Batmobile
a car
a shopping cart
98
In Perry's study, which was true of the findings of the high empathy group?
oxytocin had no effect on their desired interpersonal distance
oxytocin made them desire more interpersonal distance
oxytocin caused them to only want to be close to the ball
oxytocin made them desire less interpersonal distance
99
What term is used for an incorrect answer option in the Revised Eyes Test?
foil
mistake
distractor
false alarm
100
Which correlational variables were collected in Hassett's study on monkey toy preferences?
age and appearance
gender and personality
CAH and IRI
age and rank
