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Nursing 102 Final
Nursing 102 Final
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1
Which of the following is a barrier to health promotion?
Early detection of illness
Community support
Financial resources
Health literacy deficit
2
where is posterior tibial pulse?
a
b
d
c
3
Where is the point of maximal impulse (PMI) located?
Midclavicular line, 5th intercostal space
Right sternal border, 2nd intercostal space
Epigastric area
Midsternal line, 4th intercostal space
4
Which nursing action demonstrates
cultural competence
when addressing spirituality?
Teaching one religion's coping strategies
Offering only Christian-based chaplain services
Assuming all patients pray the same way
Asking open-ended questions about spiritual practices
5
where should the nurse place the stethoscope to auscultate the client's apical pulse
d
a
c
b
6
auscultating a client's heart sounds, the nurse hears turbulence between the S1 and S2 heart sounds. this is what
A fourth heart sound (S4)
A systolic murmur
An expected heart sound
A third heart sound (S3)
7
A nurse is assessing a preschooler. Which of the following should indicate to the nurse a need for speech therapy(SATA)
The preschooler stutters when speaking
The preschooler speaks in a nasally tone
The preschooler mispronounces words
The preschooler talks to himself when reading
8
Which of the following is an example of primary prevention?
Mammogram screening
Physical therapy after a stroke
Colonoscopy for a 60-year-old
Teaching smoking cessation
9
AP reports vital signs: temp. 98.8°F , PR: 92/min, RR: 18/min, and BP 98/58 mm Hg. the nurse should take which again
PR
TEMP
BP
RR
10
A patient says, “I’m not ready to quit smoking.” What stage of change are they in?
Contemplation
Action
Preparation
Precontemplation
11
A nurse asks a patient to close their eyes and identify an object placed in their hand. What is the nurse assessing?
Proprioception
Graphesthesia
Two-point discrimination
Stereognosis
12
caring for a newborn & auscultate an apical heart rate of 130/min. Which of the following actions should the nurse take
Ask another nurse to verify the heart rate
Call the provider to further assess the newborn
Prepare the newborn for transport to the NICU
Document this as an expected finding
13
A school nurse is assessing a child for pediculosis capitis, which should the nurse recognize as an indication of this?
thick yellow crusted lesion on a red base
patchy areas of hair loss
itching and scratching of the head
firmly attached white particles in the hair
14
client w/ COPD says, "I can feel the congestion in my lungs, I cough a lot but can't get anything up." The client should
Administering oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 L/min
Helping the client select a low-salt diet
Encouraging the client to drink 2 to 3 L of water daily
Maintaining a semi-Fowler's position as often as possible
15
When assessing for scoliosis, the nurse should ask the patient to:
Arch their back
Sit and touch their toes
Lie flat and raise one leg
Bend forward at the waist
16
A patient with cancer states, “I believe this is a test from God.” How should the nurse respond?
“Let’s focus on your treatment.”
“You shouldn’t think like that.”
“Tell me more about your beliefs.”
“That’s not medically supported.”
17
A nurse bundles care by addressing pain, spiritual needs, and grief. This reflects which nursing approach?
Disease-specific teaching
Holistic and concept-based care
Time-management strategy
Task-based care
18
A nurse provides quiet time and dim lighting for a patient after prayer. What concept is being supported?
Sensory perception
Comfort and spirituality
Rest and sleep
Stress and adaptation
19
Which of the following is a
modifiable
factor that influences adherence?
gender
health literacy
age
diagnosis
20
at a prenatal clinic is completing a skin assessment of client who is in the 2nd trimester. what are expected findings
Chloasma
Striae gravidarum
Linea nigra
idk
21
Which question best reflects a spiritual assessment?
“What is your diet like?”
“How often do you exercise?”
“What helps you cope during tough times?”
“Are you in pain?”
22
A nurse is assessing for the Babinski reflex in an adult. What is a normal response?
Toes fan outward
Big toe extends, others fan
Toes curl downward
No response
23
assessing a client w/ L femoral cardiac angiography. where do you palpate to assess the distal pulse on affected side
c
a
d
b
24
a client has lost 25lbs in 3 months and weighs 88lbs but thinks she is fat. what should be the first priority?
Plan a therapeutic diet for the client.
Provide a structured environment for the client
Identify the client's nutritional status.
Request a mental health consult.
25
Which of the following is an expected finding in a normal lymph node assessment?
Irregular, large, and rubbery
Soft, mobile, and nontender
Fixed, hard, and tender
Firm, fixed, and painful
26
What is the priority assessment after a patient reports leg numbness following a cast application?
ROM
Skin turgor
Capillary refill
Respiratory rate
27
caring for a client who has a urinary cath and notes blood-tinged urine in the cath bag. what urinary problem is this
Bladder infection
Pernicious anemia
Prostate enlargement
Dehydration
28
What is the first step in developing a patient teaching plan?
Choose teaching tools
Set learning goals
Schedule follow-up
Assess learning needs
29
assessing a client's radial pulse and determines that the pulse is irregular. what action should the nurse take
Assess the pedal pulses for a full minute
Assess the apical pulse with a Doppler device
Assess the apical pulse for a full minute
Assess the pedal pulses with a Doppler device
30
a charge nurse is observing a nurse auscultating a client's bowel sounds. which action calls for intervention
Clamps the NG tube during auscultation
Auscultates bowel sounds for 3 to 5 min
Performs auscultation between meals
Palpates the abdomen prior to performing auscultation
31
assessing a client who has a score of 6 on the Glasgow Coma Scale. what should the nurse expect as an outcome
The client is in a deep coma
Indicates stable neurologic status
The client needs total nursing care
The client is alert and oriented
32
Which cranial nerve is being tested when a patient sticks out their tongue and moves it side to side?
Cranial Nerve IX
Cranial Nerve XII
Cranial Nerve VII
Cranial Nerve V
33
What condition is indicated by rebound tenderness in the right lower quadrant?
Constipation
Appendicitis
Pancreatitis
Cholecystitis
34
A nurse hears crackles during auscultation of the lungs. What might this indicate?
Asthma
Bronchospasm
Normal aging
Pneumonia
35
Which action by the nurse best supports long-term adherence?
Give strict orders
Set achievable, patient-centered goals
Minimize patient involvement
Use medical jargon to impress
36
A patient asks if a nurse can pray with them. What is the nurse’s best response?
“Let’s ask the chaplain instead.”
“If you’d like, I’d be honored to join you.”
“I’m too busy, maybe later.”
“I’m not allowed to do that.”
37
Which cranial nerve is responsible for pupil constriction and eye movement?
Cranial Nerve IV
Cranial Nerve II
Cranial Nerve VI
Cranial Nerve III
38
What is the purpose of transillumination during a sinus exam?
To evaluate mucous membrane color
To assess olfactory nerve function
To check for septal deviation
To detect fluid or inflammation in the sinuses
39
A patient is unable to move their tongue side to side. This suggests impairment of which cranial nerve?
CN VII
CN IX
CN V
CN XII
40
Which site is preferred for IM injections in adults?
Deltoid
Dorsogluteal
Ventrogluteal
Vastus medialis
41
What is the purpose of the Z-track method during IM administration?
Decrease medication dosage
Increase injection speed
Prevent leakage of medication into subcutaneous tissue
Prevent absorption
42
listening to lung sounds and finds crackles in the left lower lobe. what should the nurse do next
Place the client on bed rest in semi-Fowler’s position
Instruct the client to limit fluid intake to less than 2,000 mL/day
Prepare to administer antibiotic
Repeat auscultation after asking the client to breathe deeply and cough
43
Which part of the brain controls coordination and balance?
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
Hypothalamus
Brainstem
44
nurse is ready to insert an indwelling urinary catheter for a female client. what instruction should the nurse give
Exhale slowly
Contract the pelvic muscles
Bear down
Take a sip of water
45
What is a normal finding when assessing muscle strength?
Muscle grading 3/5
Muscle grading 1/5
Muscle grading 5/5
Muscle grading 2/5
46
A nurse is supporting a patient in the
bargaining
stage of grief. Which statement reflects this stage?
“I’m at peace with what happened.”
“I can’t accept that they’re gone.”
“I’m so angry this happened.”
“If I pray every day, maybe they’ll come back.”
47
A nurse is preparing to perform an ABD assessment on a child, what order would this be preformed in?
inspection, light palpation, deep palpation, auscultation
auscultation, inspection, deep palpation, light palpation,
inspection, auscultation, light palpation, deep palpation
inspection, deep palpation, light palpation, auscultation
48
a nurse is caring for an older adult who had a stroke and unable to move. the nurse should monitor for what
a reddened area over the sacrum
stiffness in the lower extremities
difficulty moving the upper extremities
difficulty hearing some types of sounds
49
How does spirituality connect with the concept of
coping
in nursing care?
It decreases the need for social support
It fosters denial
It prevents grieving
It can promote resilience and emotional well-being
50
assessing a client who is postoperative and has anemia due to excess blood loss following surgery. what is expected
Fatigue
Hypertension
Bradycardia
Diarrhea
51
Which of the following is a
tertiary
prevention strategy?
Cardiac rehab after a heart attack
Annual skin screenings
Immunizations
Nutrition counseling
52
a nurse removes an indwelling urinary cath that a client had for 2 days, nurse should assess for which expected outcome
blood-tinged urine
urinary frequency for several days
temporary urinary retention
highly concentrated urine
53
A patient who has started exercising 3 times a week is in which stage of behavior change?
Action
Contemplation
Preparation
Maintenance
54
caring for a 4-year-old child who is resistant to taking medication. what should the nurse do
Offer the child a choice of taking the medication with juice or water.
Tell the child it is candy.
Tell the child he will have to have a shot instead.
Hide the medication in a large dish of ice cream.
55
What is the normal range for an adult resting heart rate?
60-100 BPM
40-60 BPM
100-140 BPM
90-120 BPM
56
Which structure is examined during an ophthalmoscopic exam?
Retina
Tonsils
Tympanic membrane
Nasal septum
57
Which term describes a joint that moves beyond the normal range of motion?
Hyperextension
Subluxation
Crepitus
Contracture
58
A nurse is caring for a terminally ill patient who requests a visit from a spiritual advisor. What should the nurse do?
Ask the family if it’s appropriate
Decline due to hospital policy
Notify the hospital chaplain or accommodate the request
Say, “There’s no time right now.”
59
Which of the following is
most important
to assess before administering parenteral morphine?
Temperature
Heart rate
Blood glucose
Respiratory rate
60
A nurse asks a patient to dorsiflex and plantarflex their foot. What is the nurse assessing?
Sensory function
Reflex response
Range of motion
Muscle tone
61
Which breath sound is expected over the trachea?
Vesicular
Bronchovesicular
Adventitious
Bronchial
62
A nurse observes that a patient has not been following a low-sodium diet. What is the
priority
action?
Refer to dietary services
Explore the patient’s beliefs and barriers
Document noncompliance
Review the patient’s medical record
63
The nurse teaches parents how to prevent accidental poisoning. What type of education is this?
Primary
Remedial
Tertiary
Secondary
64
Which nursing intervention best supports intrinsic motivation
?
Threatening hospital discharge
Involving the patient in decision-making
Comparing the patient to others
Offering a reward
65
A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously. Which site is most appropriate?
Gluteus maximus
Abdomen, 2 inches from umbilicus
Deltoid
Vastus lateralis
66
planning care for an adolescent who has scoliosis and requires surgical intervention. what is expected by an adolescent
Loss of privacy
Body image changes
Feelings of displacement
Identity crisis
67
Which behavior is a
normal finding
during the grieving process?
Seeing or hearing the deceased occasionally
Total emotional numbness for over a year
Inability to get out of bed for weeks
Continuous suicidal thoughts
68
Which finding would the nurse report immediately in a post-op hip replacement patient?
Mild bruising
Pain controlled with medication
External rotation of the leg
Slight swelling
69
Which nursing intervention is
most appropriate
for a grieving family immediately after a sudden death?
Recommend they avoid discussing the event
Offer presence and allow them to express emotions
Provide discharge instructions quickly
Encourage them to start clearing out belongings
70
What is the term for difficulty breathing when lying flat?
Orthopnea
Apnea
Tachypnea
Bradypnea
71
Which concept best aligns with spiritual distress in nursing?
“I enjoy talking with my spiritual leader.”
“I find peace in meditation.”
“I think God is punishing me.”
“I feel supported by my beliefs.”
72
The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is used to assess what?
Reflexes
Visual acuity
Level of consciousness
Sensory discrimination
73
The nurse teaches a patient to perform breast self-exams. This is an example of:
Tertiary prevention
Risk modification
Secondary prevention
Primary prevention
74
using motivational interviewing w/ a patient who's ambivalent about quitting smoking. Which response is right?
“Tell me how you feel about smoking and your health."
“You should quit, or you’ll get lung disease.”
“Here’s a handout about quitting.”
“You must stop right away.”
75
During a HEENT assessment, the nurse notes a patient has nystagmus. What does this refer to?
Cloudiness of the lens
Pupillary dilation
Rapid, involuntary eye movement
Drooping of the eyelid
76
A nurse is educating a patient uses spiritual practices like meditation. How is this incorporated into their care plan?
Discourage it as a distraction
Teach new coping methods instead
Ignore practices each new coping methods instead
Schedule care around spiritual routines
77
assessing for cyanosis in a client who has dark skin what site should the nurse examine to identify cyanosis
Dorsal surface of the foot
Dorsal surface of the hand
Pinnae of the ears
Conjunctivae
78
a nurse caring for an infant who has been vomiting for 2 days, the nurse recognizes which as an indicator of fluid loss?
skin integrity
respiratory rate
blood pressure
body weight
79
What angle is used for an intramuscular (IM) injection?
90°
15°
30°
45°
80
Which statement by the patient indicates
successful
patient teaching?
"I feel better after our talk."
"I’ll take my medication at 8 AM every day."
"I’ll ask my doctor what to do."
"This seems too complicated."
81
Teaching older adults should focus on:
Immediate recall
Repetition and large print
Group quizzes
Fast-paced videos
82
A nurse on a medical unit is caring for a client who suddenly becomes confused and drowsy. Which should the nurse assess
Increase the client's fluid intake
Complete a neurological check.
Administer the prescribed PRN antihypertensive medication
Hold the client's evening dose of digoxin
83
Which factor most likely improves a patient’s adherence to a health plan?
High cost of medication
Complex instructions
Support from family
Lack of symptoms
84
preparing to instill ear drops to a 3-year-old child. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use?
Pull the auricle up and back
Pull the auricle down and back
Pull the auricle up and out
Pull the auricle down and out
85
What is the highest possible score on the Glasgow Coma Scale?
10
15
20
12
86
evaluating client who had a cardiac catheterization w/ L antecubital insertion site. what pulse should the nurse palpate
Brachial pulse in the right arm
Radial pulse in the right arm
Radial pulse in the left arm
Brachial pulse in the left arm
87
Which finding is considered
most concerning
during abdominal palpation?
Hypoactive bowel sounds
Report of mild nausea
Pulsating mass in midline
Soft, nontender abdomen
88
Where is the aortic valve best auscultated?
Right sternal border, 2nd intercostal space
Left sternal border, 2nd intercostal space
Midclavicular line, 5th intercostal space
Left sternal border, 3rd intercostal space
89
A nurse palpates a popping or grinding sound during joint movement. What is this called?
Rigidity
Crepitus
Spasm
Flaccidity
90
Which finding during a HEENT assessment would require immediate intervention?
White patches on tonsils
Sudden vision loss in one eye
Red conjunctiva
Slightly deviated nasal septum
91
assessing a patient’s pupils how should you document a normal finding
PERL
RPELA
PERLA
PERRLA
92
trying to measure an O2 and there's edema of both hands and thickened toenails. What site should the nurse try instead
Skin fold
Finger
Toe
Earlobe
93
A nurse is trying to increase a patient’s motivation to follow a treatment plan. What is the most effective strategy?
Emphasize consequences
Use scare tactics
Include the patient in goal setting
Give instructions without explanation
94
What concept is bundled when a nurse supports a grieving family with prayer and therapeutic presence?
Mobility
Nutrition, elimination, immunity
Fluid balance, safety
Grief, spirituality, comfort
95
After giving an IM injection in the deltoid, what action is appropriate?
Massage the site vigorously
Apply heat
Reuse the syringe
Apply gentle pressure
96
caring for a client who has a urinary cath. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent infection
Irrigate the catheter once each shift
Clean the perineal area with an antiseptic solution daily
Replace the catheter every 3 days
Check the catheter tubing for kinks or twisting
97
teaching a parent of a 2-year-old child about safe food choices. what foods should the nurse recommend
Raw carrots
Grapes
Celery
Bananas
98
A patient whose spouse died last week says, “I feel like I’ll never be happy again.” What is the nurse’s best response?
“Grieving is different for everyone—tell me how you're feeling today."
“Let’s talk about finding a new partner.”
"Try to stay busy and ignore the pain.”
“You need to move on with your life.”
99
a nurse is caring for a client who just had ABD surgery. which should indicate that the clients peristalsis is returning
passage of flatus
request for a cup of tea and toast
abdominal distention
hypoactive bowel sounds in 2 quadrants
100
When assessing extraocular movements, which test is most appropriate?
Rinne test
Red reflex test
Six cardinal fields of gaze
Weber test
101
Which question would be most appropriate to ask a patient when assessing for tinnitus?
"Do you feel like the room is spinning?"
"Do you have pain when swallowing?"
"Have you had any recent head trauma?"
"Do you hear a ringing or buzzing in your ears?"
102
A patient refuses a life-saving procedure due to religious beliefs. What concept is most directly involved?
Culture
Spirituality and ethics
Comfort
Nutrition
103
assessing for hypoxemia during an asthma attack. what should the nurse expect?
Hypotension
Nausea
Dysphagia
Agitation
104
The nurse strokes the lateral side of the foot and notes the toes fan outward in an adult. How should this be documented
Positive Romberg’s sign
Positive Babinski’s sign
Positive Kernig’s sign
Positive Brudzinski’s sign
105
Which of the following findings in an adult is considered abnormal?
Pale, boggy nasal mucosa
Midline uvula
Equal accommodation in both eyes
Pink conjunctiva
106
When performing an otoscopic exam on an adult, how should the nurse position the patient’s ear?
Leave the ear in a natural position
Pull the pinna up and back
Pull the pinna straight out
Pull the pinna down and back
107
Which question is most appropriate when assessing a patient's mental status?
“Do you know where you are right now?”
“Do you have any allergies?”
“What is your favorite color?”
“Can you raise both arms?”
108
assessing a client who has postoperative atelectasis and is hypoxic. what should the nurse expect
Bradycardia
Bradypnea
Intercostal retractions
Lethargy
109
When assessing deep tendon reflexes, a normal response is documented as:
+2
0
+1
+4
110
What is the best way to evaluate whether a patient understands discharge instructions?
Ask if they have any questions
Provide printed material
Ask a family member to explain
Have the patient repeat the instructions
111
assessing a 3 year-old-child at a routine wellness checkup. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect
Stands on one foot for a few seconds
Walks backwards heel to toe
Skips and hops on one foot
Has a vocabulary of 1,500 words
112
What is a nurse's primary role in health promotion?
Educating and empowering patients
Performing surgical interventions
Prescribing medications
Diagnosing diseases
113
Which teaching method is most effective for a patient with low health literacy?
Reading a brochure
Watching a detailed lecture
Giving a medical dictionary
Using simple words and pictures
114
A patient reports numbness and tingling in the hands. What type of assessment is most appropriate?
Cranial nerve testing
Motor strength
Sensory assessment
Reflexes
115
What assessment finding is most concerning in a patient with shortness of breath?
Oxygen saturation of 88% on room air
Audible wheezes
Use of accessory muscles
Respiratory rate of 22
116
The nurse asks a patient to smile, frown, and puff out their cheeks. This assesses which cranial nerve?
Cranial Nerve XII
Cranial Nerve VII
Cranial Nerve V
Cranial Nerve IX
117
an older adult client in the home who has bad vision due to a history of glaucoma. Which finding is a safety risk
Electrical cords are placed along the walls
Uses a microwave for cooking
Scatter rugs are present in the kitchen
Handrails are present in the bathroom
118
When checking a patient’s reflexes, the nurse notes no response. How is this documented?
+1
+2
+3
0
119
A nurse gives a subcutaneous injection of insulin. What is the correct angle for this administration?
0–120°
15°
90°
45°
120
assessing a client’s circulatory system. Which pulse site should the nurse avoid assessing bilaterally at the same time?
Brachial
Popliteal
Carotid
Femoral
121
Which cranial nerve is primarily responsible for vision?
Cranial Nerve III
Cranial Nerve VI
Cranial Nerve IV
Cranial Nerve II
122
A nurse hears a swishing sound over the heart. What is this called?
S1
Murmur
Bruit
S2
123
What finding would indicate
complicated grief
in a patient?
Talking about the deceased with fondness
Inability to function in daily life 6 months after the loss
Wanting to visit the deceased’s grave regularly
Crying when reminded of the deceased after 3 months
124
a nurse is assessing an older adult with osteoporosis. which of the following spinal deformities should the nurse expect
kyphosis
scoliosis
lordosis
ankylosis
125
A patient’s whispered voice test result is poor in one ear. What does this likely indicate?
Hearing loss in the affected ear
Otitis externa
Normal aging
Cerumen impaction in the other ear
126
Which quadrant should be assessed first during abdominal exam?
Right upper
Left upper
Left lower
Right lower
127
A patient has pain and limited mobility in the right shoulder. What should the nurse do first?
Apply a warm compress
Immobilize the joint
Instruct the patient to perform ROM exercises
Assess for swelling, redness, or deformity
128
A nurse asks a patient to walk heel-to-toe in a straight line. What is the purpose of this assessment?
To test coordination and balance
To evaluate sensory function
To determine reflex integrity
To assess for vertigo
129
Which of the following findings would require immediate intervention during a neuro exam?
Sudden onset slurred speech
Mild tremor in hands
Pupils equal and reactive to light
Decreased sensation in one foot
130
assessing a client who has a urine output of 250 mL in a 24-hr period. what would this be charted as
Oliguria
Enuresis
Nocturia
Anuria
131
A positive Romberg test indicates:
Hearing loss
Cerebellar dysfunction
Visual impairment
Loss of proprioception
132
What is a normal finding during abdominal auscultation?
High-pitched gurgling sounds every 5–15 seconds
Loud roaring sounds
Continuous silence
Bruits over the epigastric area
133
when preparing an essential screenings chart by age range when should the nurse add in a scoliosis screening?
Infant
Toddler/Preschooler
Older Adult
Pre-adolescent/adolescent
134
A patient says, “I keep forgetting to take my blood pressure meds.” What is the nurse’s best first response?
“Why don’t you care about your health?”
“You must not understand the instructions.”
“Let’s talk about ways to help you remember.”
“You need to take them or you’ll get worse.”
135
assessing a client who is African American and has jaundice. what should to nurse inspect for jaundice
Conjunctiva
Hard palate
Palms of the hands
Back of the neck
136
A nurse teaching a newly diagnosed diabetic to check blood glucose is focusing on:
Cognitive domain
Psychomotor domain
Reflective domain
Affective domain
137
A nurse explains that a low-sodium diet may help reduce hypertension. This is an example of:
Palliative care
Restorative care
Health maintenance
Health promotion
138
a client with suspected appendicitis. Identify where the nurse will palpate to assess for pain at McBurney's point
d
a
b
c
139
A patient reports difficulty hearing low-pitched sounds. Which test should the nurse perform?
Accommodation test
Confrontation test
Whisper test
Snellen chart
140
What is the correct order of assessment for the abdomen?
Inspect, palpate, percuss, auscultate
Auscultate, inspect, palpate, percuss
Inspect, auscultate, percuss, palpate
Palpate, inspect, auscultate, percuss
141
Which assessment finding indicates fluid overload?
Crackles at lung bases
Jugular vein distention
Weak peripheral pulses
Diminished breath sounds
142
Why is it important to assess spirituality during admission?
To identify dietary preferences
To convert the patient to a religion
To assign the correct room
To provide holistic, individualized care
143
a nurse is reviewing info about HIPPA w/ new nurse.Which statement by the new nurse shows a need for further instruction
"a client's address would be an example of personally indefinable info"
"HIPPA regulates individual identifiable health info in verbal."
"HIPPA is a federal law, not a state law"
"Information about a client can be disclosed to family at any time"
144
What is the best position to place a patient in for lung auscultation?
Prone
Semi-Fowler’s
Supine
Sitting upright