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DLD Final Exam Review
What happened at Pearl Harbor?
What was the main idea of Adam Smith?
DLD Final Exam Review
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World History final exam review
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Answers
1
What was the main idea of
Adam Smith
?
humans were born with certain rights
gov't should control every aspect of society
gov't should not regulate industries & businesses
absolute monarchy is the best form of gov't for order
2
What happened at
Pearl Harbor
?
Hitler invaded Poland, Britain & France declared war
Japanese bombed U.S. military base, U.S. entered WWII
U.S. bombed Japanese islands, Japan surrendered
natural habitats of certain aquatic species were destroyed
3
What was the main idea of
Rousseau
?
people tacitly agree to limit rights & enter social contract
absolute monarchy is best form of gov't for order
people have unlimited rights & undefined freedoms
freedom of speech & religion
4
What is
absolutism
?
ruler shares power with another branch of gov't
ruler is elected by the people for a limited period of time
ruler has unlimited power & control over society
group of rulers/nobles control gov't
5
What is
divine right
?
humans are born with certain rights
European countries have the right to colonize the Americas
monarchs are God's representatives on Earth
people can overthrow an unjust gov't
6
Who was
Joseph Stalin
?
Soviet Union leader, w/ WWII Allies, Five-Year Plans, gulags
Russian czar, planned attacks on Germany & Japan
American president, negotiated peace treaty after WWII
Italian fascist leader, invaded Ethiopia, allied w/ Hitler
7
What was the
Continental System
?
agreement on how land would be divided in Africa
organization of social classes in France
system of laws adopted by several countries in Europe
policy of restricting trade btw England & continental Europe
8
What was the main idea of
Karl Marx
?
white Europeans were genetically superior to other races
working class will overthrow rich to form classless society
gov't should not interfere in any aspect of society
colonies in New World should be evenly divided btw Europe
9
What were the main ideas of
Voltaire
?
absolute monarchy is the best form of gov't for order
restriction of speech, religious intolerance
three branches of gov't with checks & balances
freedom of speech & religion
10
What is
imperialism
?
The connection of two countries by treaty
The declaration of war against smaller countries
Powerful countries conquering territories & extending their empires
The study of Darth Vader
11
What is
imperialism
?
belief in more than one god
policy of restricting contact with other countries
policy in which a strong countries dominates others
belief that one racial group is superior to others
12
What is
urbanization
?
the migration of people from cities to rural areas
the shift from hunting & gathering to farming
the migration of people to & the growth of cities
government control over every aspect of society
13
For what is
Peter the Great
known?
Colonized parts of Latin America & Africa
Promoted religious freedom, believed in Enlightenment ideas
Isolated Russia, rejoined Catholic Church
Westernized Russia, reformed Church, seaport, women's rights
14
For what is
Simon Bolivar
known?
Haitian military leader, overthrew dictator
French noble, organized meeting to discuss political issues
Mexican priest, led rebellion against unfair taxes
Venezuelan creole, led revolution in several Latin countries
15
What is the
United Nations
?
Meeting btw U.S. and European countries to rebuild after WWI
international org created after WWII to keep peace
org to unite African nations behind common goals
international effort to contain communism and fascism
16
What was the
Sepoy Mutiny (Indian Revolt of 1857)
?
rebellion of Chinese officials vs Japanese invasion
outbreak of fighting btw American colonists & British troops
rebellion of Hindu & Muslim soldiers vs British officials
rebellion of indigenous Africans & Boers
17
What are
reparations
?
making amends (paying money) for an injustice committed
U.S. loans to rebuild Europe after WWI
the partition of Germany into four zones after WWII
tactic used by anti-colonists in Asia and Africa after WWII
18
What was the
Holocaust
?
mass murder of political dissidents & others in Soviet Union
partition of Germany into four zones after WWII
plan to defeat German forces on the Western Front in WWII
mass murder of Jews and others by Nazi gov't in Germany
19
What is
militarism
?
Building up and glorifying armed forces
When someone really loves his/her country
A country having a weak military
When two countries join forces
20
What was the
Meiji Restoration
?
the establishment of peace following the defeat of Napoleon
when monarchs were restored in England
period in which Emperor Mutsuhito westernized Japan
the end of the civil war in France
21
For what is
Toussaint Louverture
known?
American colonist, one of 1st American casualties
Venezuelan noble, prevented revolution for independence
French military leader, stormed the Bastille
former slave & military leader, led Haitian revolution
22
Who was
Adolf Hitler
?
Russian czar, implemented Westernization
chancellor of Germany, withdrew from the European Union
Nazi leader of Germany, invaded Poland, & led Holocaust
American military general, defeated Japan during WWII
23
What was the
Napoleonic Code
?
uniform system of laws established by Napoleon in France
series of reforms passed by the English Parliament
system of laws created Peter the Great
system of laws that restricted rights of American colonists
24
For what is
Jose de San Martin
known?
Spanish noble, participated in the Berlin Conference
Mexican priest, fought for more rights for peasants
Argentinian revolutionary, freed Chile, etc. w/ Bolivar
Spanish soldier, fought to prevent Latin revolutions
25
What was the
Potsdam Conference
?
Meeting btw Muslim empires to increase trade and peace
Meeting between African nations to establish pan-Africanism
Meeting between Hitler and Mussolini to form an alliance
Meeting btw U.S., Britain, Soviet Union to partition Germany
26
Why was
D-Day
important?
Allies invaded Normandy, pushed Nazi forces out of France
Japan invaded Chinese territory called Manchuria
Allied forces defeated Japan in the Pacific
U.S. President FDR declared war on Japan
27
Why is Archduke Franz Ferdinand significant?
He was the mastermind behind the Holocaust.
He led the negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference.
He was a representation at the United Nations.
His assassination sparked WWI, declared by Austria-Hungary.
28
What was the
Opium War(s)
?
conflict btw Europeans over opium in Africa
conflict btw Japan and Spain opium in the New World
conflict btw Japan and Russia over opium in Korea
conflict btw England and China over the opium trade
29
For what is
King Louis XIV
known?
Sun King, Palace of Versailles, religious intolerance
civil war, lost colonies, maintained a budget
raised taxes on 1st & 2nd estates, religious freedom
believed in Enlightenment ideas, accepted limits on power
30
What is
totalitarianism
?
gov't in which power is shared among a small ruling class
people all the power and make all of the decisions
gov't with total control, one-party rule, lil to no individual rights
people elect government leaders to make decisions
31
For what is
Napoleon Bonaparte
known?
came to power in France thru coup d'etat, Continental System
led the rebellion against King George I in England
westernizing Russia, introducing potatoes & a newspaper
adopting a policy of isolationism
32
What was the
English Civil War
?
American colonists declared independence from Great Britain
nobles disagreed over which version of English to speak
Puritan supporters of Parliament vs supporters of Charles I
England and France fought over territory
33
What is
balance of power
?
concept that no one country is too powerful
an agreement to stop fighting
a government that has unlimited power
a government in which different factions share power
34
What was the
Yalta Conference
?
Japan and China met to discuss a truce and postwar Asia
U.S., Britain, Soviet Union met to discuss postwar Europe
Germany and Soviet met to discuss invading Poland
European countries decided how to split up African colonies
35
What was the
Berlin Conference
?
meeting in which Europeans discussed peace after Napoleon
meeting in which Italians discussed unification
meeting in which Enlightenment thinkers discussed ideas
meeting in which Europeans discussed colonization of Africa
36
What is
habeas corpus
?
prisoner brought to court to determine legality of detention
people are born with certain rights
citizens can overthrow an unjust gov't
monarchs can imprison citizens without cause
37
What were the main ideas of
John Locke
?
life, liberty, property; citizens can overthrow unjust gov't
absolute monarchy is the best form of gov't for order
laissez-faire economics
freedom of speech & religion
38
All of the following are causes of WWI EXCEPT
militarism
imperialism
reparations
nationalism
39
What was the
League of Nations
?
org formed after WWII, aimed at keeping peace btw nations
org formed after WWI, aimed at keeping peace btw nations
org formed after the defeat of Napoleon, balance of power
org formed to address human impact on climate change
40
Which of the following is NOT provision of the Treaty of Versailles?
The League of Nations was created.
Japan was occupied by the United States.
Germany was blamed for the war.
Germany had to pay $33 billion in reparations and lost territories.
41
Why were Hiroshima and Nagasaki important?
Truman ordered use of atomic bombs to end fighting w/ Japan
China invaded and overtook Japanese islands
two new countries were created after WWII
Japan and Germany joined forces to defeat Soviet Union
42
For what is
King Louis XVI
known?
wanted to tax 1st & 2nd estates, overthrown & beheaded
Sun King, built Palace of Versailles, religious intolerance
began French imperialism
came to power thru coup d'etat, Continental System
43
For what is
Otto von Bismark
known?
winning the Thirty Years' War
fighting Austria & France over land, uniting Germany
invading Korea, unifying Japan
invading the Papal States, unifying Italy
44
What was the
Boxer Rebellion
?
American revolt over the winner of a boxing match
French revolt over unfair taxes & little political power
Chinese revolt aimed at ending foreign influence
conflict in which Ottoman Empire halted Russian expansion
45
How did Germany violate the Treaty of Versailles?
Overthrew its democracy to create a fascist dictatorship
Built up army, invaded Rhineland and Poland
Refused to allow League of Nation inspects to enter country
Signed a non-aggression pact with Soviet Union
46
What was the
Bolshevik (Russian) Revolution
?
establishment of democracy & capitalism in Russia
overthrow czar, rise of communist Soviet Union, led by Lenin
the process of industrializing & modernizing after WWI
protesting by nobility in order to join WWI
47
What were
Five-Year Plans
?
Stalin's plans for Soviet Union's economy
European plans to increase control of their colonies
Hitler's plans to segregate & then exterminate Jews
Mussolini's plans to invade lands in Africa & eastern Europe
48
What is
Social Darwinism
?
belief that one day, there will be no classes in society
belief that there is a survival of the fittest btw countries
policy of isolationism
study of natural world includes observation & questioning
49
What is
sphere of influence
?
foreign region in which country has control over trade, etc.
an alliance made between two neighboring countries
bringing together things that have been separated
belief that nothing can be for certain
50
What was the
Glorious Revolution
?
Puritan supporters of Parliament vs supporters of Charles I
declaration of independence by American colonists
bloodless overthrow of James II by William & Mary
overthrow and beheading of King Louis XV
51
What was the
Treaty of Versailles
?
treaty to end WWI w/ Germany, blame for war, reparations
treaty in which countries committed to lowering emissions
treaty to create the United Nations after WWII
treaty to partition Germany into four zones after WWII
52
What is a
coup d'etat
?
Enlightenment idea of freedom of religion
sudden seizure of political power in a country
conflict btw two political groups within the same country
economic system in which gov't controls means of production
53
What was the
Boer War
?
Napoleon & Russia fought over trade
Dutch colonists & British fought for territory in S. Africa
American colonists & British officials fought over taxes
Japan & Russia fought over control of Korea
54
What was the
Industrial Revolution
?
bloodless overthrow of King James II of England
settlement of Europeans in the New World
shift from hunting & gathering to farming
shift from making goods by hand to by machine
55
What was the
Enlightenment
?
thinkers applied reason & scientific method to society
meeting that decided how Europeans divided land in Africa
meeting in which French estates discussed a new tax system
bloodless overthrow of King James II of England
56
What is the
White Man's Burden
?
richer countries have the duty to civilize poorer countries
Europeans have more inequality from Industrial Revolution
white men are meant to be the heads of households
white people need to assist in fight for equity & justice
57
For what is
Miguel Hidalgo
known?
Mexican priest, led indigenous & Mestizo peasants to revolt
Chilean noble, represented Spanish during negotiations
Enlightenment thinker, believed in life, liberty, & property
Haitian revolutionary, led slaves to fight for freedom
58
Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin used all of the following totalitarian tactics EXCEPT
work/concentration camps
accountability & transparency
secret police
education, indoctrination, & censorship
59
What was the
Congress of Vienna
?
meeting in which American colonists drafted new constitution
meeting in which French estates discussed a new tax system
meeting in which English Parliament restricted royal power
meeting in which Europeans established peace after Napoleon
60
What were the
Nuremberg Trials
?
European leaders were found guilty for crimes vs humanity
Nazi leaders were charged w/ aggression & crimes vs humanity
Spain was absolved of any war crimes during WWII
Japanese Americans were charged w/ attempted sedition
