stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
Duplicate of AP Midterm Review Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
Duplicate of AP Midterm Review
Retroactive interference involves the disruption of
This is an example of:
Duplicate of AP Midterm Review
96 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
2 plays
Mid-term review
Flashcards
96 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
96
Answers
1
This is an example of:
procedural memory
declarative memory
explicit memory
implicit memory
2
Retroactive interference involves the disruption of
automatic processing
memory retrieval
echoic memory
semantic encodin
3
The misinformation effect best illustrates the dynamic of
memory construction
repression
proactive interference
automatic processin
4
A scientist's willingness to admit that she is wrong is an example of
skepticism
intelligence
humility
curiosity
5
Weber's law states- the size of __ is a constant proportion of the size of the initial object.
the absolute threshold
a subliminal threshold
a just noticeable difference or difference threshold
a binocular disparity
6
To will
use right hand to reach under the screen & grab the object.
probably have an epileptic seizure.
verbally deny that any image appeared on the screen.
be able to verbally name the object.
7
Ebbinghaus discovered that the rate at which we forget newly learned information is initially
rapid and subsequently stays rapid
rapid and subsequently slows down
slow and subsequently speeds up
slow and subsequently stay slow
8
Which correlational coefficient represents the weakest relationship between two factors?
-.67
+.32
-.12
+.53
9
Fakim's pattern of recall best illustrates .........
proactive interference
motivated forgetting
state-dependent memory
the spacing effect
10
During the action potential:
sodium ions rush out of the interior of the axon.
the charge of the neuron changes from positive to negative.
sodium ions rush into the interior of the axon.
potassium ions flow into the interior of the axon.
11
Although Arturo has looked at his watch thousands of times,
iconic memory
encoding
storage
retrieval
12
Schedules of reinforcement
fixed-ratio; variable-ratio
fixed-ratio; fixed-interval
fixed-interval; fixed-ratio
fixed-ratio; variable-interval
13
This phenomenon is known as:
Retroactive interference
Decay theory
Forgetting curve
Proactive intereference
14
Which of the following is a holophrase one-year old Amanda is likely to say?
"Eat apple"
"Gaga"
"I eated the cookie"
"Bottle"
15
There are two theories of color vision.
frequency; place
trichromatic; opponent-process
opponent-process; trichromatic
place; frequency
16
Which of the following carries information needed to activate withdrawal of the hand from heat?
Interneurons
reflex
Motor neurons
Sensory neurons
17
.....
Old information will interfere with new info. being encoded
New information will interfere with old information stored
Recall of meaningless info drops very soon then levels off
Remembering nonsense syllables can be encoded faster
18
This indicates
as number of friends increases, level of shyness increases.
there is no relationship between shyness and friends.
a cause-and-effect relationship exists.
as number of friends decreases, level of shyness increases.
19
Semantic encoding refers to the processing of
visual images
meanings
sounds
touch sensations
20
Which of the following is used only in correlational studies?
placebo
double blind
scatterplot
random assignment
21
Noam Chomsky believes that children
can learn to speak correctly on during a critical period.
are hard-wired for language acquisition
learn to speak by mimicking the sounds around them
learn language quickly if positive rewards are given to them
22
A baseball strikes Ashley in the head and she is momentarily knocked unconscious.
mood-congruent
flashbulb
short-term
echoic
23
Our immediate short-term memory for new material is limited to roughly ___ bits of information.
24
50
3
7
24
When a distribution of scores is skewed, _____ is the most representative measure .
standard deviation
median
inference
mean
25
Recognition involves which of the following?
Using available cues to create an entirely new response
Retrieving learned information without any cues
Using the available cues to identify info already learned
Encoding new info to replace previously learned information
26
Remembering how to solve a jigsaw puzzle without conscious recollection that one can do so is
explicit memory
implicit memory
flashbulb memory
sensory
27
Which term best describes parallel processing?
automatic
voluntary
conscious
sequential
28
Which of the following best describes explicit memories?
accessed without conscious recall
memory of general knowledge
processed by the cerebellum
nondeclarative
29
The human capacity for storing long-term memories is
typcially much greater in young children than adults
enhanced through hypnosis
essentially unlimited
roughly equal to seven units of information
30
The three types of neurons are:
excitatory, inhibitory, and myelinated.
interneurons, glial cells, and motor cells.
sensory, motor, and interneurons.
glial cells, myelinated cells, and unmyelinated cells.
31
Samuel is likely to have problems with his:
ability to process somatosensory information.
ability to smell and taste
vision
hearing
32
The tendency to immediately recall the first and last items in a list better than the middle is
serial position
mnemonics
misinformation
spacing
33
The most likely explanation for Jack's conclusion is his:
extrasensory abilities.
use of perceptual abilities, such as motion parallax.
use of positive self-talk.
perceptual set.
34
Which of the following communicates with the pituitary, which controls the endocrine system?
Spinal Cord
Autonomic nervous system
Parathyroid
Hypothalamus
35
Which of the following is correct regarding why eyewitness testimony is not always accurate?
People do not have the capacity to remember
People may be asked misleading questions
People do not have a strong ability to recall past info.
People do not have a strong recognition.
36
The resting potential is:
time after an action potential when the neuron can't fire.
when a neuron has an electrical charge of about 70 mv.
when a neuron has an electrical charge of +70 millivolts.
37
Some information in our fleeting ___ is encoded into short-term memory.
long-term memory
semantic memory
sensory memory
flashbulb memory
38
Hormones are __________ released into the _________.
chemical messages, bloodstream
electrical messages, bloodstream
neurons, neurotransmitters
chemical messages, synapse
39
In psychology, the formal definition of learning is:
relatively enduring change in behavior/knowledge experience
behavior that is the result of genetic programming.
any knowledge or skill acquired in a school.
knowledge measured by intelligence or achievement test.
40
The _____ functions as the main link between the nervous system and the endocrine system.
amygdala
hypothalamus
adrenal cortex
adrenal medulla
41
Compulsive gamblers frequently recall losing less money than is actually the case. The failure
proactive intereference
priming
source amnesia
is motivated forgetting
42
This is an example of
Retrograde amnesia
Retroactive interference
Anterograde amnesia
Proactive interference
43
Which of the following brain areas is responsible for regulating thirst?
amygdala
reticular activating system (reticular formation)
hypothalamus
thalamus
44
"Chair," "freedom," and "ball" are all examples of what?
Concepts
Heuristics
Telegraphic speech
Prototypes
45
This is an example of
accommodation
the mere exposure effect
transduction
sensory adaptation
46
Talking to yourself over and over again, repeating information silently or out loud, is called:
Elaborate rehearsal
Procedural memory
Declarative memory
Rote rehearsal
47
Which of the following is a conclusion that can be drawn from the Yerkes-Dodson law?
Performance is best when arousal is extremely low.
Performance on easy tasks is best when arousal is low.
Performance is best when arousal is extremely high.
Performance is best when arousal is moderate.
48
Based on Ebbinghaus' forgetting curve research using nonsense syllables, unfamiliar info is
forgotten within the first two days
forgotten within the first hour
forgotten within the first day
forgotten within the first eight hours
49
This sudden recall is explained best by
semantic encoding
source amnesia
context effects
the misinformation effect
50
Schedules of Reinforcement
fixed-interval
variable-interval
fixed-ratio
variable-ratio
51
Which of the following is an aroused motivational state created by physiological state?
reflex
instinct
drive
incentive
52
Because it has all of the features commonly associated with the concept bird, a robin is
an algorithm
a heuristic
a prototype
a schematic
53
Whorf's linguistic determinism hypothesis relates to what aspect of the power of language?
The role of a language acquisition device.
How language influences thinking.
The importance of critical periods in language development.
How thinking influences language
54
Theories of hearing
opponent process; trichromatic
trichromatic; opponent process
place; frequency
frequency; place
55
Which theory of emotion would say the fear resulted from the startle response alone?
Cannon-Bard
Schachter-Singer
James-Lange
Two-factor
56
....
at the end of the list
in the middle of the list
at the beginning of the list
at the beginning and in the middle of the list
57
????
perception; sensation
gustation; transduction
sensation; perception
olfaction; transduction
58
Leanna experience most clearly illustrates the nature of ____________________
implicit
iconic
explicit
flashbulb
59
Compared with false memories, true memories are more likely to
be reported with confidence
feel vivid and compelling
have emotional overtones
contain detailed information
60
???
Albert Bandura; observational learning
Edward L. Thorndike; the law of effect
Edward C. Tolman; latent learning
B. F. Skinner; stimulus discrimination
61
Which of the following is part of the limbic system
hypothalamus
thalamus
amygdala
medulla
62
Gerard's initially inability to recall the title was most likely caused by
repression
encoding failure
a physical decay of stored memory
retrieval failure
63
Which of the following is a monocular cue involved in depth perception?
accommodation
convergence
motion parallax
binocular disparity
64
When an eyewitness to an auto accident is asked to describe what happened, what is being used?
rehearsal
reconstruction
recognition
recall
65
Which learning theory explains behavior?
Edward Thorndike; the law of effect
Albert Bandura; observational learning
Ivan Pavlov; classical conditioning
John Garcia; biological preparedness
66
???
operant; B. F. Skinner
operant; Edward L. Thorndike
classical; John B. Watson
classical; Ivan Pavlov
67
A review of more than 30 years of research indicates that viewing entertainment violence:
can lead to an increase in aggressive attitudes & behaviors.
was linked with lower academics & negative behavior in boys
was linked to lower cognitive performance in black males
can lead to a decrease in aggressive attitudes & behaviors.
68
Aaron is most likely suffering from
implicit memory
amnesia
repression
mood-congruent memory
69
The terms autonomic and somatic refer to the two main subdivisions of the:
parasympathetic nervous system.
sympathetic nervous system.
peripheral nervous system.
central nervous system.
70
__procedure assures that all participants have an equal chance of being assigned to any group?
random assignment
random selection
the single-blind technique
double-blind procedure
71
The professor's difficulty best illustrates
source amnesia
retroactive interference
proactive interference
mood-congruent memory
72
Phonemes are
semantically the same are morphemes
the smallest unit of sound in language
the rules of grammar
the smallest unit of meaning in language
73
The disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information is called
the spacing effect
retroactive interference
the serial position effect
proactive interference
74
In the famous Little Albert study, what was the conditioned stimulus?
the loud clang
the white rat
fear at the sight of the rat
fear of the loud clang
75
Which of the following is an unlearned, complex behavior exhibited by all members of a species?
drive
instinct
reflex
incentive
76
This illustrates?
extinction.
the effect of punishment.
learned helplessness.
the effect of negative reinforcement.
77
Which lobe is involved planning, initiating, and carrying out voluntary movements and actions?
frontal
temporal
parietal
occipital
78
The ability to transfer declarative info. from STM to LTM depends on which part of the brain?
hypothalamus
amygdala
hippocampus
thalamus
79
The development of new neurons in the brain is called:
structural plasticity.
neurogenesis.
neuroplasticity.
functional plasticity.
80
Cones are concentrated in the _____ and specialized for _____.
periphery of the retina; color vision and visual acuity
fovea; color vision and visual acuity
center of the retina; distance vision and feature detection
fovea; peripheral vision and vision in low-light conditions
81
Pavlov
conditioned stimulus; conditioned response
unconditioned stimulus; unconditioned response
conditioned stimulus; unconditioned response
unconditioned stimulus; conditioned response
82
Your ability to immediately recognize the voice over the phone as your mother's illustrates
acoustic encoding
implicit memory
chunking
state dependent memory
83
This illustrates what is known as....
serial position effect
mood-congruent processing
spacing effect
chunking
84
The serial position effect best illustrates the importance of
automatic processing
visual imagery
rehearsal
chunking
85
The hypothalamus is a(n) _____ center for the brain.
aggression and anger
reward
memory
balance
86
The process of encoding refers to
getting information into memory
a clear memory of an emotionally significant event
a persistence of learning over time
the recall of information previously learned
87
Why might group 2 be more likely to recall more names?
group 2's list provides more retrieval cues
implicit memories are easier to recall than explicit memorie
proactive interference is less likely to affect learning
source amnesia interfed with Group 1's ability to recall
88
What principle does this statement describe?
the law of effect
the Premack principle
learned helplessness
biological preparedness
89
DV
the number of chess matches won
the change in math test scores
playing chess or watching educational television
improvement in chess-playing ability
90
Epinephrine and norepinephrine increase energy and are released by the
thyroid glands.
adrenal glands.
thalamus.
pituitary glands.
91
What strategy is being used?
availability heuristics
representative heuristics
the trial-and-error strategy
algorithm
92
Ebbinghaus' retention curve best illustrates the value of ___________
priming
imagery
rehersal
implicit memory
93
Rick asks you how many stop signs you saw on your drive home. To answer, you probably rely on a
map of your city.
linguistic concept.
natural concept.
mental image.
94
This is an example of:
Retroactive Interference
Proactive Interference
Anterograde Amensia
Retrograde Amnesia
95
Which perceptual illusions involve size constancy?
the moon illusion and the Shepard Tables illusion
the moon illusion and the Müller-Lyer illusion
the Müller-Lyer illusion and the impossible figure illusion
the carpentered-world illusion and the Shepard Tables
96
Retrograde amnesia can best be defines as:
Memory loss for events that occur after the incident
Memory loss for event that have occurred before the incident
Memory loss that occurs from childbirth
Memory loss without any specific cause