Members of interest groups in US are typically people

with higher level of income and education

The fairness doctrine required that

broadcasters who aired controversial issues provide time for op. viewpoints

Which of the following are consequences of Texas having a part-time legislature?

small staffs; rely on lobbyists to explain details of a bill

In the United States, the freedom of the press is protected by

1st amendment of the Constitution

Which of the following is theoretical assumption of pluralism?

comp. amonginterestscanproducebalance with allinterest moderationg ea.other

An iron triangle is made up of an alliance between

legislative committee, interest group, and executive agency

What is media monopoly?

concentration of media ownership by a few large corporations

Social media usage tends to

exaggerate partisan polarization among the mass ...

Public interest groups differ from other types of interest groups in that

they claim to serve the common good

which of the following statements best describes where younger and older americans get their news

social media tend to be 2nd news source after tv for most americans

Once a lobbyist has access to a member of the Texas legislature, the lobbyist can..

provide info. abt how specific policies can benefit legislature district

What agency regulates broadcast media?

Federal Communications Commission

The media is sometimes expressed a the :fourth branch of government" because

they provide a check on power of governmental and political leaders

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Exam 4 Review

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Questions 87

Answers

1
Members of interest groups in US are typically people
who work in manual labor and unskilled occupations
with higher level of income and education
who identify as democrats
from the lower socioeconomic level
2
news org. that mix opinionjournalism&factual reporting in order toappeal to consumers who r ideally conservative/liberal
partisan media
broadcast media
3
the Federal Communications Commission regulation giving indv. the right torespond to personal attacks made on tv/radio
equal time rule
media-echo chambers
misinformation
right to rebuttal
4
tendency to favor info that confirms a person's existing beliefs
mainstream news organization
confirmation bias
misinformation
filter bubbles
5
A liberal voter who only watches liberal shows and follow liberal commentators on twitter can be said to have
self-selection bias
gatekeeping
agenda setting
priming effects
6
comm. methods such as tv and radio; they tend to take the form of one publisher to many [viewers]
broadcast media
partisan media
7
The fact that Democrats referred to the Obama admin. health care initiative as "reform" instead of "rationing" is ex of
adversarial journalism
framing
sound bites
agend-setting
8
The fairness doctrine required that
all broadcasters provide candidates for the same political office
all network news reports be balanced and fair-minded
all regulated newspapers establish a section of the editorial page
broadcasters who aired controversial issues provide time for op. viewpoints
9
org. that adhere to the principles of journalism by doing original, balanced, factual, reporting,&avoiding personal bias
mainstream news organization
agenda-setting
media monopoly
selective benefits
10
How long must a former member of a governing body/former executive head ofregulatoryagency wait before lobbyingtheagency
5 years
Texas laws prevent individuals from lobbying an agency
2 years
10 years
11
selective benefits of group membership that emphasize the purpose and accomplishments of the group
selective benefits
informational benefits
purposive benefitd
solidary benefits
12
Incentive to benefit from others' work w/o making contribution; leads individuals to refuse to work together
free-rider problem
pluralism
polltax
push poll
13
Which is a good example of media monopoly?
The New York Times
Disney
ESPN
NPR
14
print and digital form of communication (tv, newspapers,radio, internet,sites) that convey info to audience
collective good
media
free riders
lobbying
15
Those who enjoy the benefits of collective goods but did not participate in acquiring/providing them are best desc.
lobbyists
polticians
free riders
issue networks
16
A benefit that is sought by an interest group and that once achieved cannot be denied to nonmembers is called a
collective good
purposive benefit
free rider
solidary benefit
17
a form of media in which the media adopt a skeptical/hostile posture toward the gov and public officials
open-driven journalism
principled journalism
adversarial journalisma
citizen journalism
18
individual employed by an interest group who tries to influence governmental decisions on behalf of that group.
iron triangle
political parties
free riders
lobbyist
19
Interest groups are concerned with __ of gov. and political parties are concerned with __ of gov.
values; goals
legitimacy; power
membership; authority
policies; personnel
20
What resources are interest groups able to use to influence politics?
sponsoring legislation
the ability to raise money
running candidates for office under the label of the group
the franking privilage
21
Which of the following are consequences of Texas having a part-time legislature?
interest groups work with the executive branch to form legislative policy
Legislatures may run out of time to be able to formallyintroducelegislation
small staffs; rely on lobbyists to explain details of a bill
some legislatures spend one year in session and another as lobbyists
22
In the United States, the freedom of the press is protected by
Declaration of Independence
Article 1 of the constitution
1st amendment of the Constitution
Freedom of the Press Act of 1790
23
Which of the following is theoretical assumption of pluralism?
All interests are not equally free to compete for influence in US
comp. amonginterestscanproducebalance with allinterest moderationg ea.other
Only some interests should be free to compete for influence in the US
comp. among interest will produce extreme public policy
24
closed comm. systems in which indv. beliefs r amplified/reenforced by repitition
media-echo chambers
equal time rule
right to rebuttal
misinformation
25
A professor is a member of a professional org. and mostly interested in newsletters and participating in conferences
international benefits
informational benefits
purposive benefit
material benefits
26
Independent spending by individuals/interest groups on a campaign issue but not directly tied to a particular candidate
solidary benefits
free riders
PAC
issue advocacy
27
Privately owned media companies in the US earn most of their revenues from
charitable donations
governmental grants
subscriptions
advertising
28
Arguably, the most largest and mot effective public employee interest group in Texas is made up of..
teachers
sanitation workers
judges
justices of the peace
29
websites the pull together news from a wide range of online resources/make them available on 1 platform of page
news aggregators
media monopoly
litigation
socialization
30
groups that claim they serve the general good rather than only their own particular interests
free riders
political groups
interest groups
public interest groups
31
An iron triangle is made up of an alliance between
a legislature committee, executive agency, and federal courts
the media, legislative committee, and federal courts
legislative committee, interest group, and executive agency
federal courts,state courts, and interest groups
32
Texas has __ laws dealing with lobbying by former governmental officals
strong
numerous
no
weak
33
What is media monopoly?
media outlet that is all/mostly funded through public funds
nationalized ownership of mass media
concentration of media ownership by a few large corporations
a media outlet, focused on a particular type of news, usually political
34
the requirement that broadcasters provide candidates for the same political office with equal opportunities to comm.
misinformation
right to rebuttal
media-echo chambers
equal time rule
35
Social media usage tends to
exaggerate partisan polarization among the mass ...
minimize partisan polarization among members of the mass public
influence the opinions of older Americans b/c younger americans share info
have little impact on politics b/c most people alr have a strong opinion
36
Google News, Reddit, and Real Clear Politics are good examples of
niche journalism
new aggregators
nonprofit journalism
penny press
37
Goods or tangible benefits that members of a group receive by virtue of belonging.
purposive benefit
solidary benefit
informational benefit
Selective benifit
38
Public interest groups differ from other types of interest groups in that
they claim to serve the common good
unlike other interest groups their status is like that of charity
first group to abandon lobbying and take up on grassroots activism
were the first political associations to use the strategy of direct mailing
39
which of the following statements best describes where younger and older americans get their news
social media tend to be 2nd news source after tv for most americans
social media tend to be primary news for most
social media has become the primary news for all Americans
newspapers remain the primary news for most americans
40
theory that most interests should be free to compete for influence in government
lobbying
pluralism
personne
political parties
41
Low-evel officials who hope to publicize what theyview as their bosses of the gov improper activities are usually called
bell ringers
watchdogs
adversial journalists
whistle-blowers
42
Political contributions whose donors are not legally required to be disclosed
dark money
donations
collective good
fiscal policy
43
Despite its widespread ability, _ typically reports on narrowest range of topics/provide least depth of news coverage
radio
the internet
television
newspaper
44
process of presenting info from a certain perspective in order to shape the audience understanding of that info
framing
agenda setting
gatekeeping
litigation
45
Once a lobbyist has access to a member of the Texas legislature, the lobbyist can..
testify at judicial hearings
vote on legislation
provide bribes to lawmakers
provide info. abt how specific policies can benefit legislature district
46
What agency regulates broadcast media?
Department of Commerce
Public Broadcast System
Federal Bureau of Investigation?
Federal Communications Commission
47
The practice of lobbying is fundamentally protected by
The 1st Amendment
internal rule of Conmgress
state and federal laws dating from the 1930s
1961 of Supreme Court decision
48
practice of former legislators using their experience to work as lobbyists for interest groups.
liberty
collective good
free riders
revolving door
49
special goods, services, or money provided to members of groups to entice others to join
selective benefit
purposive benefit
informational benefit
material benefit
50
The media is sometimes expressed a the :fourth branch of government" because
they recieve a # of subsidies paid through tax revenue
they could not do their job without cooperation form the other 3 branches
they provide a check on power of governmental and political leaders
they are explicitly discussed in Article IV of the Constitution
51
nearly half of the groups with lobbying office in Wednesday are
ideological groups
business and corporation
labor groups
public-sector groups
52
In1985, the fed. gov. stopped enforcing the _ ,arguing that it was no longer necessary due to increase tv/radio stations
net neutrality
right of rebuttal
fairness doctrine
equal time rule
53
Most interest groups tend to give campaign contributions to..
supporters of the environmental interest
incumbents
democrats
political parties
54
one way that interest groups are effective at overcoming the free-rider problem is by providing __ benefit to its member
elective
public good
free-rider
selective
55
publishing/broadcasting of info/opinion as quickly as possible, with minimal fact-checking
journalism of affirmation
journalism of assertion
56
Much of the national news published in local newspapers is provided by
United Press International (UPI)
the Associated Press
National Public Radio
USA Today
57
Which strategy is an interest group more likely to employ when it lacks access/sufficient influence to change a policy
lobbying
litigation
iron triangle
pluralism
58
partisan media envr. in which users are exposed primarily to opinions&info, that conform to their existing beliefs
filter bubbles
sample
partisan media
broadcast media
59
The primary function of a PAC is to
build better networks btw interest groups and political parties
produce and carry out an institutional advertising campaign
raise grassroots support for a particular interest
raise and distribute money to election campaigns
60
strategy by which organized interest seeks to influence passageoflegislation by exerting directpressure on gov.officical
outside strategy
ballot intiative
institutional advertising
lobbying
61
Why would it be beneficial for an interest group to open an office in Austin?
The media only covers interest groups that are located in Austin
voters will take the group more seriously if they have an austin address
state law requires all interest groups that want to set a PAC be in Austin
can develop longterm relationships with lawmakers&continually present POV
62
software programs that analyze the viewing, liking, commenting, data ofa platforms users, as well indv. users prior data
algorithims
liberty
campaign
sorftware
63
Which of the following is the best definition of gatekeep?
model of reporting that involved adopting a stance of opposition
requirement that broadcasters provide candidates for their same office
process by which news and info are filtered to the public by media
the process of preparing the public to bring specific criteria to mind
64
Process by which a gov agency comes to serve the objectives of the interests that the agency is supposed to regulate.
interest-group capture
personnel
policies
theoretical assumption of pluralism
65
advertising designed to create a positive image of an organization
iron triangle
institutional advertising
policies
litigation
66
lobbying campaign in which group mobilizes its membership to contact govofficials in support of the group's position
collective good
lobbying
interest groups
grassroots mobilization
67
An organization established to influence the government's programs and policies.
collective good
free riders
litigation
interest group
68
A physician looking out for the interest of physicians is more likely to be represented by which type of group?
citizen groups
trade association
labor group
professional association
69
reporting that involves being as accurate, fair, and balanced as possible, & relying on original resources
citizen journalism
open-driven journalism
principled journalism
adversarial journalism
70
Selective benefits are..
gov. program that provide foods, housing, or monetary assistance
incentives in interestgroupsmake available onlytothose people who r members
incentives that interest groups distribute to people
gov. programs that provide taxcuts for people at top of income distribution
71
The power of the media to draw public attention to particular issues and problems is called
agenda-setting
canvassing
framing
bandwagon effect
72
group of people join to combat climate change, organized around idea of improving envrmt. __ is closely associated.
solidary benefit
material benefit
purposive benefit
information benefit
73
news reporting/political commentary by ordinary citizens/bystanders, advocacy groups, and eyewitnesses to crises
citizen journalism
adversarial journalism
open-driven journalism
principled journalism
74
priming refers to
bias news org. that cover dramatic and entertainment stories
process of preparing the public to bring specific criteria to mind
fact that many news stories go uncovered
tendency that people have to seek out news sources
75
putting of opinion/info that is consistent with consumer's preexisting beliefs
journalism of assertion
journalism of affirmation
76
loose network of elected leaders, public officials, activists, &interest groups drawn together by specific policy issue
iron triangle
free riders
issue network
collective good
77
What is the most important and beneficial resource that lobbyists provide gov. officials
campaign workers
money
information
legal assistance
78
political blogs/talk shows where the writer/host provides highly opinionated personal commented
adversarial journalism
open-driven journalism
citizen journalism
principled journalism
79
Which of the following news resources reaches the most Americans?
television
radio
the internet
newspapers
80
false, inaccurate, misleading info. in the media
right to rebuttal
equal time rule
media-echo chambers
misinformation
81
interest groups often employ __ as lobbyists in order to gain access to those in Texas gov.
former legislature and government officials
Republican campaign consultants
political science majors
retired sport stars
82
digital sites that are organized/managed by newspapers, follows the principle of journalism, and deliver content
lobbying
personnel
news websites
priming
83
Ultimately, what do interest groups want from policymakers?
they want unlimited access to the policy makers
they want to preserve the status quo
They want policy that is beneficial for thier groups
they want info. that benefits their groups
84
The dramatic rise in political info and the increasing diversity of media have
had very little impact on the average levels of political knowledge
made political knowledge tests obsolete
led to massive decreases in the average levels of political knowledge
led ot a massive increase in the average levels of politcal knowledge
85
organized group of people/institutions that uses various forms of advocacy to influence public policy
political parties
interest groups
policies
personnel
86
interestgroup practice of combining campaign contributions from several sources into alarger contribution from the group
referendum
campaign
plurality
bundling
87
selective benefit of group membership that emphasizes friendship, networking, and consciousness raising is called a ___
material benefit
solidary benefit
collective benefit
international benefit

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