Which is true of RNA polymerase?

It makes mRNA in the 5'→3' direction

What is the role of the promoter region?

It shows the RNA polymerase where to bind to transcribe a gene

In eukaryotes, what is the primary transcript?

mRNA that has not yet gone through processing

How does CAP affect the lac operon?

When active, CAP speeds up transcription

In eukaryotes, what is needed to start transcription?

RNA polymerase and transcription factors

How does transcription end in prokaryotes?

RNA polymerase reaches the terminator sequence

What is a polyribosome?

Multiple ribosomes translating a single mRNA

In eukaryotes, the promoter

contains a special region called the TATA box

An inducible operon is turned ___ when ___ is present.

on; the substrate (eg, lactose)

What is the function of a spliceosome?

removes introns from eukaryotic mRNA and attaches exons

Which of these is true of the trp operon?

It is turned off when tryptophan is present

is turned on when lactose is present but little glucose is present

A non-coding region of eukaryotic DNA

What is the role of the regulatory gene in an operon?

It codes for the repressor protein

A region of eukaryotic DNA that codes for a polypeptide

The first step in transcription is

transcription factors binding to the promoter

Which of the following events in eukaryotic translation must occur first?

the mRNA and the small ribosomal subunit bind to each other

What is the function of the promoter in the operon?

it is the site where RNA polymerase binds

Which of the following events occurs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

RNA polymerase binds to the promoter

If you want to turn the operon on, the repressor should be

inactive and not bound to the operator

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Bio 1101 Lec: Final Exam Practice II (Transcription, Translation, Operons)

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Questions 34

Answers

1
Which is true of RNA polymerase?
It is only found in eukaryotes
It is only found in prokaryotes
It makes mRNA in the 5'→3' direction
It makes tRNA in the 3'→5' direction
2
A section of DNA reads TAC-GTG-CTA-AAT. What is the amino acid sequence made from this section?
Asn-Met-Leu-Pro
Ile-Ala-Tyr-Trp
Met-His-Asp-Leu
Gln-His-Leu-Cys
3
What is the role of the promoter region?
It indicates that the gene is from eukaryotic DNA
It affects gene expression by turning genes on and off
It shows the RNA polymerase where to bind to transcribe a gene
It signals the location of the start codon for translation
4
What type of mutation changes a regular codon into a stop codon?
silent
nonsense
missense
5
Why do eukaryotic mRNAs need to be modified before leaving the nucleus?
Modifications allow the ribosome to recognize them
All of these are correct
Modification makes leaving the nucleus easier
Modifications prevent them from being degraded
6
In eukaryotes, what happens to the mRNA after is is transcribed but before it can be turned into a protein?
All of these happen
introns must be removed and exons are spiliced together
a 5' cap is added to the 5' end
a poly-A tail is added to the 3' end
7
What type of mutation occurs when a codon is changed into a different codon that still makes the same amino acid?
nonsense
missense
silent
reading frame shift
8
In eukaryotes, what is the primary transcript?
mRNA that has a 5' cap and 3' poly-A tail
mRNA that has already been translated
mRNA that has not yet gone through processing
mRNA that has had introns removed
9
How does CAP affect the lac operon?
When inactive CAP blocks the promoter
When inactive, CAP binds to the regulatory gene
When active, CAP speeds up transcription
When active, CAP blocks the operator
10
In eukaryotes, what is needed to start transcription?
tRNA and mRNA
RNA polymerase and transcription factors
promoter and operator
RNA polymerase and ribosomes
11
How does transcription end in prokaryotes?
the mRNA breaks away from the ribosome
RNA polymerase reaches the terminator sequence
the ribosome reaches the stop codon
RNA polymerase reaches an intron
12
What type of operon is usually turned off by default?
inducible operon
repressible operon
13
What is a polyribosome?
A ribosome made of more than two subunits
A ribosome that can function in the cytoplasm and nucleus
Multiple ribosomes translating a single mRNA
A single ribosome that can translate multiple mRNAs at once
14
A sequence of DNA reads "THE FAT PUG SAT AND ATE". Which of the following shows a reading frame shift?
THE FAT PUG stop
THE FAT GUP SAT AND ATE
THE FIT PUG SAT AND ATE
THE FAT PUG SAT NDA TE
15
In eukaryotes, the promoter
contains a special region called the TATA box
can be turned on and off by a repressor protein
prevents RNA polymerase from binding to DNA
is made of special rRNA
16
An inducible operon is turned ___ when ___ is present.
on; DNA polymerase
off; DNA polymerase
off; the substrate (eg, lactose)
on; the substrate (eg, lactose)
17
What is the function of a spliceosome?
proofreads DNA and replaces mismatched bases
removes introns from eukaryotic mRNA and attaches exons
makes multiple copies of a polypeptide from a single mRNA
makes copies of plasmids in prokaryotes
18
A sequence of DNA reads "THE FAT PUG SAT AND ATE". Which of the following shows a nonsense mutation?
THE FAT GUP SAT AND ATE
THE FAT PUG SAT AND ATE
THE FAT PUG SAT NDA TE
THE FAT PUG stop
19
Which of these is true of the trp operon?
It is only turned on when tryptophan is present
It is turned off when glucose is present
It is turned off when tryptophan is present
It is an inducible operon
20
The lac operon
is not found in prokaryotes
is turned off when lactose is present but little glucose is present
is turned on when lactose is present but little glucose is present
is a repressible operon
21
Where would you expect to find an anti-codon?
on a ribosome
on tRNA
on rRNA
on mRNA
22
A sequence of DNA reads "THE FAT PUG SAT AND ATE". Which of the following shows a deletion mutation?
THE FAT UGS ATA NDA TE
THE FAT PUG SAA TAN DAT E
THE FAT PUG TAS AND ATE
THE FAT PUG SAT AND ATE
23
What amino acid sequence can be made from the following codons? 5'-CUC-CGU-UGU-UUU-3'
Leu-Arg-Cys-Phe
Pro-Val-Thr-Arg
Leu-Val-Cys-Glu
Met-Arg-Asp-HIs
24
What type of operon is usually turned on by default?
inducible operon
repressible operon
25
Which is the correct order of ribosomal sites that a tRNA will pass through during translation?
P site, E site, A site
E site, P site, A site
P site, A site, E site
A site, P site, E site
26
What is an intron?
A region of eukaryotic DNA that codes for a polypeptide
A region of prokaryotic DNA that codes for a polypeptide
A non-coding region of prokaryotic DNA
A non-coding region of eukaryotic DNA
27
What is the role of the regulatory gene in an operon?
It codes for the repressor protein
It is a transcription factor
It allows the RNA polymerase to bind to the promoter
It binds to the operator to turn off the operon
28
In transcription,
polypeptides are made from mRNA
polypeptides are made from DNA
mRNA is made from DNA
DNA is made from mRNA
29
What is an exon?
A non-coding region of prokaryotic DNA
A non-coding region of eukaryotic DNA
A region of eukaryotic DNA that codes for a polypeptide
A region of prokaryotic DNA that codes for a polypeptide
30
The first step in transcription is
transcription factors binding to the promoter
unwinding the entire chromosome to expose the gene
RNA polymerase opening a "bubble" in the DNA
splicing introns out of the DNA
31
Which of the following events in eukaryotic translation must occur first?
the new polypeptide is released from the ribosome
the mRNA and the small ribosomal subunit bind to each other
the first amino acid (Met) is added
the large ribosomal subunit binds to the small ribosomal subunit and mRNA
32
What is the function of the promoter in the operon?
codes for the production of the repressor protein
it is the site where the repressor protein can bind to block transcription
codes for the genes
it is the site where RNA polymerase binds
33
Which of the following events occurs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
RNA polymerase binds to the promoter
mRNA must have extra pieces spliced out before translation
mRNA has a 5' cap and poly-A tail added
All of these occur in both
34
If you want to turn the operon on, the repressor should be
inactive and bound to the operator
active and bound to the operator
active and not bound to the operator
inactive and not bound to the operator

Bio 1101 Lec: Final Exam Practice II (Transcription, Translation, Operons) Flashcards | StudBud