AP Psych- Module 7

What are the 3 different ways in which we encode information?

Amos Tversky

Memory measure that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time

Strategy most commonly used in remembering phone numbers

Ex: unscrambling a word quickly by putting letters together that typically go together like ch

Type of memory that stores information for only an instant before losing most of it

What 3 parts does your working memory consist of?

When someone walks into an interview sure that they will get the job but fail

Priming

Easier to recognize a face or word if you have recently seen that same face or word

Ex. someone randomly realises the answer to a math question while trying to fall asleep

Condition in which damage causes people to be unable to form a sentence, but know the words

Remember the names of some of the people you first met and some of the people you last met

Systematically trying each letter in every possible position is an example of

Ability to retain information in the brain

Retrograde Amnesia

Cognition is...

Ability of the brain to simultaneously process incoming stimuli of differing quality

When a person automatically trusts someone without any obvious reasoning behind it

Broca's Area

Deja Vu is...

What part of the brain is used in processing implicit memories?

Defense mechanism; banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, & memories

What is Caitlin's favorite animal?

Know the first letter of someone’s name but can’t come up with their actual name?

Infinite # of sentences in a language, humans have an inborn native ability to develop language

What is it called when you used to know what a word meant, but now you can’t?

Wernicke’s Area

Remember items better by trying to retrieve info, typically after asked a question about info

The person presenting next can't remember what the last person talked about. This shows the...

The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas.

Someone believes that their dream of failing a test actually happened. This is an example of…

A child who says things like “talk cat” is most likely using…

Deep Processing

A momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli

Pointed out small capacity of STM in famous paper "The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two"

Having a clear memory of the day you found out your parents died is an example of a...

What is a person most likely using when they classify a doctor as a intelligent, rich person?

There is a need for conscious recollection in order to recall something

People won't remember info studied right before bed but will if it's an hour before bed

What is Emma's favorite animal?

Structural encoding emphasizes structure of incoming sensory information

"ch", "n", and "ck" are all examples of ...

Showed that forming a new memory produces functional and structural changes in neuron (LTP)

Hermann Ebbinghaus

Aphasia

Mnemonics such as acronyms and chunking are examples of…

Creative tests require this type of thinking ; come up with multiple solutions to one problem

Who helped form a 3 stage model that focused on describing how we form explicit memories?

Condition in which you can’t remember anything new that happens, but you can remember past

In a language, a system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others

True or False questions are an example of...

Who discovered that people will create false memories when asked loaded questions?

Memory

Tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad mood

Mental categories for classifying events, objects, and ideas on common features or properties

Acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.

Our spoken, written or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning

The rather permanent and endless storehouse of the memory system is...

Whorf's hypothesis, linguistic determinism, is widely accepted.

People learn the meaning behind a word best through the help of flashcards. What type?

An essay question on a test is an example of a teacher testing their students on...

When someone thinks of a mammal, they tend to think of a dog. What does the dog represent?

Initial learning of information

What is Lisa's favorite animal?

Easier recognizition- person or word if you have just seen something closely associated with it

Noticed the solution process wasn't slow, but sudden and reflective

Involved in language comprehension & expression was named for him because he discovered it

When someone keeps going to their old English classroom rather than their new one is an example

Memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices

Learning or storing that requires attention and effort

People's long-term memories can be helped by hormones released during times of stress

How an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments

Grammar is an innate algorithm evolved by NS; requires a few parameters- language experience

Ability to access information when you need it

Can’t remember their previous teacher’s name but can remember their current teacher’s name is..

What effect explains why you can remember your password better by making it your birthday?

By rehearsing a piece of info enough, you could make that info automatic instead of effortful

You use this type of processing to encode space, time, and frequency

Made analogy between information storage in computers and information storage in human memory

People often fear flying more than driving believe this based off of...

Stage of talking that begins at 4 months old and consists of only random sounds

Solving a math problem using the distance formula because other problems were solved that way

Loaded questions about a car crash and responded with false recounts showed…

Short-Term Memory can hold 5-9 items or digits of info. (7+or-)

Cannot forget successful encoding even if we don’t continue to practice it

What type of specific memory would you use to remember to return your library books on time?

"ed", "chicken", and "non" are all examples of ...

Long-term Potentiation is...

Tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and ignore anti evidence

Implicit Memories include...

Continuing to believe that the earth is flat even when shown evidence proving it’s round

Semantic encoding

Why we sometimes create false memories after repeating them many times to different people?

What type of specific memory would you use to remember parts of your childhood?

The spacing effect encourages people to study a subject over extended periods of time

When a child turns 2, they start to speak using mainly 2 words such as “go now.” This is...

Stage in speech development in which children age 1 -2 speak mainly using one word

When using this type of thinking, people pick out the single, best solution to a problem.

Sensory memory of auditory stimuli

Work on the psychology of judgment and decision-making

Tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list

Proposed the triarchic theory that divides intelligence into three types

Explains why you do better on a test by studying in the same room you will be taking the test?

What part of your brain do you use when encoding explicit memories?