Rules of language are

Intrinsic aids (inside the statute)

The narrow use of the golden rule is

If 2 meanings of words choose one that avoids absurd result

Case illustrating Noscitur a sociis

I R Commissioners v Frere - re annual interest

Express mention of one thing implies the exclusion of the other. Rule?

Expressio unius exclusio alteris

An example of use of the Ejusdem generis rule is

A case involving betting - Powell v Kempton

Case example of Expressio unius exclusio alteris

Stocks and shares case - Tempest v Kilner

Adler v George involved

Obstruction in the vicinity of an RAF base

In which case did he introduce the approach?

Magor and St Mellons v Newport Corporation

Hansard can now be used as an extrinsic aid. What is it?

A daily record of what is discussed in Parliament, A report issued by The Law Commission

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Statutory interpretation - rules of interpretation and language

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A quiz quiz to aid learners recall rules of interpretation and language.

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Questions 25

Answers

1
Fothergill v Monarch Airlines decided that what extrinsic aid could be used to help a judge interpret a statute
Hansard
International conventions
The Human Rights Act 1998
Law Commission Reports
2
Which case decided that law reports (e.g. from The Law Commission/Royal Commissions) can be used as extrinsic aids?
Re Red Hand case
Re Black Clawson case
Davis v Johnson
Magor and St Mellons v Newport Corp
3
Which Supreme Court decision decided that Hansard could be used as an extrinsic aid?
Pepper v Hart
Vinegar v Venison
Mustard v Moose
Salt v Stag
4
Example of an absurd result using the literal rule
Adler v George
Royal College of Nursing v DHSS
Whiteley v Chappell
Smith v Hughes
5
Intrinsic aids also include
Hansard
Dictionary of the period
Punctuation!
Law Commission reports
6
A disadvantage in using the purposive approach is
Assumes every Act is perfectly drafted
Can make law uncertain
Can lead to unjust decisions
Can lead to absurd results
7
Rules of language are
Extrinsic aids (outside the statute)
Intrinsic aids (inside the statute)
Presumptions
Rules of interpretation
8
A widow's claim for compensation against a rail company failed, an unjust result. Which case?
Smith v Hughes
Re Sigsworth
Adler v George
LNER v Berriman
9
Parliament helps judges in three ways. These three ways appear below. Which is not one?
The literal rule
Interpretation Act 1978
Explanatory notes in bills.
Interpretation Sections in Acts
10
When a statute is straightforward and words are clear which rule will a judge use to interpret?
The literal rule
The mischief rule
The golden rule
The purposive approach
11
The mischief rule was introduced in which case
Magor and St Mellons v Newport Corporation
Royal College of Nursing v DHSS
Heydon's case
Smith v Hughes
12
The narrow use of the golden rule is
If 2 meanings of words choose one that avoids absurd result
Interpreting words to avoid a repugnant result
Look at gap in the law
Look at purpose of Parliament passing Act
13
Judges must also interpret statutes so as to comply with which Act?
The Human Rights Act 1998
The Constitutional Reform Act 2005
The Criminal Justice Act 2003
The Human Rights Act 2005
14
Which is not a reason why judges need help interpreting statutes?
Interpretation sections
Ambiguity
New developments
Broad term
15
Case illustrating Noscitur a sociis
Powell v Kempton - outdoor betting
R v Allen - bigamy case
Tempest v Kilner - stocks and shares
I R Commissioners v Frere - re annual interest
16
The purposive approach was introduced by which judge
Lord Reid
Lord Neuberger
Lord Scarman
Lord Denning
17
In which case was the golden rule used to avoid repugnant result?
Whiteley v Chappell
Re Sigsworth
Smith v Hughes
Adler v George
18
Professor Zander described the golden rule as
A 'leaky lifeboat'
A 'marvellous aid'
A 'weak safety net'
A 'feeble parachute'
19
Express mention of one thing implies the exclusion of the other. Rule?
Carpe diem
Noscitur a sociis
Ejusdem generis
Expressio unius exclusio alteris
20
An example of use of the Ejusdem generis rule is
A case involving the Statute of Frauds - Tempest v Kilner
A case involving annual interest - I R Commissioners v Frere
None of these
A case involving betting - Powell v Kempton
21
Case example of Expressio unius exclusio alteris
Maddox v Storer
Stocks and shares case - Tempest v Kilner
Betting outdoors case - Powell v Kempton
Annual interest case - IR Commissioners v Frere
22
General words following specific ones are taken to include only things of same kind. Rule?
Expressio unius exclusio aterius
Noscitur a sociis
Carpe diem
Ejusdem generis
23
Adler v George involved
Obstruction in the vicinity of a school
Obstruction in a prison
Obstruction in the vicinity of an RAF base
Obstruction in a car park
24
In which case did he introduce the approach?
Magor and St Mellons v Newport Corporation
Royal College of Nursing v DHSS
R (Quintavalle) v Secretary of State for Health
Smith v Hughes
25
Hansard can now be used as an extrinsic aid. What is it?
A record of a court case
A daily record of what is discussed in Parliament
A daily record of what is discussed by the Cabinet
A report issued by The Law Commission

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