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FTCE Biology Prep
FTCE Biology Prep
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Answers
1
Read the passage below to answer the question.
Observational
Experimental
Laboratory
Clinical
2
What is the purpose of a buffer solution in gel electrophoresis?
To speed up the movement of DNA fragments in the electrophoresis process
To stain the DNA fragments for later visual analysis
To provide ions that support the flow of electricity through the gel
To make the gel solidify before being placed into the electrophoresis tank
3
Read the short passage, and answer the question below.
Mitochondrion
Ribosome
Chloroplast
Endoplasmic reticulum
4
To be effective, a simple experiment must
validate the hypothesis being tested.
occur in a research laboratory.
stand alone without replication.
manipulate one variable at a time.
5
What is a basic characteristic of a virus?
Destroyed by cooking
Commonly found in cattle intestines
Requires a living host to grow
Grows in food
6
What does statistical significance in a scientific study mean?
The results are unlikely to be due to chance
The results were obtained using a large sample size
The results are important and meaningful
The results are only useful for statisticians
7
How can a stem be involved in vegetative reproduction?
Bulbs
Tubers
Eyes
Rhizomes
8
Exaggerated & stylized grooming, preening, & food-gathering behaviors of birds are elaborate communications related to
fledging young.
courting a mate.
selecting a nest.
preparing for migration.
9
Read the question and select the best response.
very aggressive and are likely to attack anyone who comes close
often carriers of rabies & are likely to bite if they are infected
colonial animals & are likely to kill any bat with a human scent on it
highly excitable and are likely to die if they are handled by humans
10
Which of the following is not a feature common to
most
animals?
asexual reproduction
development into a fixed body plan
heterotrophic nutrient sourcing
specialized tissues
11
What is the basic structure of a virus?
DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat
A bacteriophage surrounded by a membrane
a tiny cell surrounded by a cell wall
A capsid surrounded by a protein coat
12
A genetic disorder caused by the movement of a segment of chromosome 22 to chromosome 9 is an example of _______.
deletion
inversion
duplication
translocation
13
Using your knowledge of taxonomy, which of the following pairs is
MOST
closely related?
tapeworm and bacteria
mushroom and tree
ameba and bacteria
dog and tapeworm
14
Which of the following is not an example of a prezygotic barrier?
two species mating and creating a different sterile species
two species with non-compatible gametes
two species of animals with different mating rituals
two species of birds with different mating songs
15
Which of the following is
not
a member of the phylum Chordata?
Cephalochordata
Echinodermata
Urochordata
Vertebrata
16
Viruses can reproduce on their own.
True
False
17
Virus infected cells, foreign cells, and cancer cells are all combated by ______
Langerhans immune cells
Leukocytes
Corneocytes
T cells
18
Endosymbiotic theory suggests which cell parts are descended from prokaryote ancestors
mitochondria & chloroplasts
lysosomes & Golgi bodies
peroxisomes & lysosomes
tonoplasts and cisternae
19
A defining characteristic of the phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms) is their:
Complete digestive system
Presence of coelom
Acoelomate body plan
Bilateral symmetry
20
Which sequence of events best describes a common scientific research methodology?
observe, hypothesize, experiment, analyze
hypothesize, observe, analyze, experiment
observe, experiment, hypothesize, analyze
hypothesize, experiment, observe, analyze
21
A partial food web is represented in the diagram below. Letter
X
most likely represents ________.
Decomposers
Parasites
Autotrophs
Carnivores
22
Read the short passage, and answer the questions below.
The Golgi complex translates proteins with instructions from the rough ER.
The Golgi complex's enzymes digest faulty proteins produced in the rough ER
The Golgi complex modifies lipids that have been produced by the rough ER.
The Golgi complex modifies & packages proteins produced in the rough ER.
23
Base your answer to the question on the passage below and on your knowledge of biology.
a wide variety of predators
an abundant food supply
very few flowering plants
a large population of competing species
24
Read the question and select the best response based on your knowledge of genetics.
codominance
a polygenic effect
a pleiotropic effect
incomplete dominance
25
Read the question and select the best response.
cytoplasmic streaming
diffusion
osmosis
active transport
26
Which phylum lacks true tissues & organs, with individuals functioning as aggregations of specialized cells?
Echinodermata
Porifera
Annelida
Cnidaria
27
How do the feeding mechanism of sponges differ from other animals?
sponges can only feed on particles smaller than their cells
All of the above
sponges draw in water carrying food particles using flagella
digestion of food particles happens inside the cell through phagocytosis
28
What term would be used to describe decomposers?
phototroph
autotroph
chemoautotroph
heterotroph
29
Which of the following vitamins helps regulate the blood calcium level?
A
D
C
B
30
Which of the following animal phyla are classified as deuterostomes?
Arthropoda
Echinodermata
Annelida
Mollusca
31
Which of the following types of data is considered quantitative?
plant height
bird species
flower color
fish gender
32
Which kingdom contains "extremophiles"?
eubacteria
archaebacteria
protista
fungi
33
Which of the following glands is both endocrine and exocrine?
adrenal
pancreas
pituitary
thyroid
34
Vertebrates: Members of Chondrichthyes differ from members of Osteichthyes by having a ________.
jaw
bony skeleton
two sets of paired fins
cartilaginous skeleton
35
Which participants in chemical reactions are most likely to be regenerated & not appear in the net reactions?
Products
Intermediates
Catalysts
Reactants
36
The large central opening in the poriferan body of sponges & cnidarians is called the _____.
emmule
osculum
picule
stia
37
Human body plans are bilaterally symmetrical & have 3 germ layers make them triploblasts.
True
False
38
Prokaryotes divide in a process called _____.
meiosis
mitosis
binary fission
cell division
39
Which population in this food web would most likely be negatively affected by an increase in the mouse population?
Hawk
Snake
Rabbit
Wolf
40
Read the question below and select the best answer.
vacuoles
microtubules
lysosomes
plastids
41
Decomposers are important in the environment because they
release heat from large molecules that is recycled through the ecosystem
convert large molecules into simpler molecules that can then be recycled
can take in carbon dioxide and convert it into oxygen
convert molecules of dead organisms to permanent biotic parts of ecosystems
42
See question about viruses
recombination of the genomes of free virus particles.
errors introduced in the DNA through reverse transcription.
damage to the virus particle from envelope loss.
errors in the protein molecules produced in translation.
43
What is the most likely effect on plant tissue of an excess of sodium chloride in soil?
creation of water deficit
denaturation of enzymes
depletion of oxygen
alteration of lipid structures
44
Which of the following phyla primarily exhibits radial symmetry?
Chordata
Platyhelminthes
Annelida
Cnidaria
45
DNA in prokaryotes is found in
A single, circular chromosome
Inside a nucleus
Multiple linear chromosomes
Outside of the cell
46
Which statement best describes the concept of endothermy in animals?
Having a lower metabolic rate compared to ectothermic animals
Maintaining constant internal body temperature despite external changes
Surviving extreme temperature fluctuation without physiological adjustments
Regulating body temperature primarily through external sources of heat
47
Which of the following activities occurs during cytokinesis?
The cell plate divides an animal cell into two cells.
The cleavage furrow divides a bacterium into two cells.
The cleavage furrow divides a plant cell into two cells.
The cell plate divides a plant cell into two cells.
48
Chemosynthetic microbes provide the foundation for biological colonization of ___________.
coral reefs
deep-sea vents
tidal pools
mud flats
49
This statement is an example of misinformation: Viruses can travel on radio waves/mobile networks
This is a fact
This is misinformation
50
Why are bacteria classified as prokaryotes?
Unable to produce amino acids.
Cannot produce their own food.
Do not require oxygen to perform respiration.
Lack membrane-bound nuclei.
51
One of the important aspects of scientific experiments is that they must
be subject to repetition.
either prove or disprove the hypothesis.
have a qualitative dimension.
not contradict scientific consensus.
52
Which of the following statements about plant vacuoles is true?
Plants have multiple small vacuoles.
Plants do not have vacuoles, as they are not prokaryotic cells.
Plants have a large central vacuole keeping shape & pressure for cells.
Plants store digestive enzymes in vacuoles to fight pathogens.
53
Organisms from an ecosystem are shown below. Which statement concerning an organism in this ecosystem is correct?
Organism 3 helps recycle materials.
Organism 4 obtains all of its nutrients from an abiotic source.
Organism 5 must obtain its energy from organism 1.
Organism 2 is heterotrophic.
54
Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of the phylum Chordata?
The presences of a notochord during embryonic development
Bilateral symmetry in adults
An open circulatory system
A complete digestive system
55
Which of the following best describes the role of the thyroid gland in the endocrine system?
Controls rate of metabolism & affects growth & development
Regulates calcium levels in blood for heart, nerves, & muscles
Regulates sleep-wake cycle to maintain circadian rhythms
Produces amino acids the body needs to regulate proteins
56
What is a common byproduct of chemosynthesis?
Nitrogen
Glucose
Oxygen
Methane
57
Which of the following are adaptations that allow for flight in birds?
feathers streamline the body & assist in flight
being endothermic allows for high metabolism demanded by flight
pneumatic bones are hollow rather than tissue filled making them lighter
All of the above
58
Organisms in the Kingdom Animalia are:
multicellular and heterotrophic
multicellular and autotrophic
unicellular and autotrophic
unicellular and autotrophic
59
Read the following information pertaining to energy transfer through ecosystems, and answer the question below.
Organisms in this food web are interdependent
More consumers than producers are needed to support the food web
Producers are not as important as consumers in a food web
Populations tend to stay constant in a food web
60
Which statement best describes these two species featured in the graph below?
Species A is a producer and species B is its consumer.
Species A is a predator and species B is its prey.
Species A is a host and species B is its parasite.
Species A is a scavenger and species B is its decomposer.
61
What role does the digestive system play in the immune response?
It physically blocks pathogens from entering the body
It produces and releases lymphocytes
It produces hormones that stimulate the immune response
It harbors beneficial bacteria that aid in fighting off pathogens
62
What level of ecology studies various species in a given area?
Individual
Population
Community
Ecosystem
63
Regarding features of the animal kingdom, which of the following does not occur?
bilaterally symmetrical deuterostome
diploblastic eucoelomate
radially symmetrical diploblast
protostomic coelomate
64
The diagram below represents a process that occurs in nature. This diagram can be used to illustrate the _____.
effect of human intervention on a stable ecosystem
evolution of mosses to trees over 200 years
ecological succession from bare rock to stable ecosystem
effects of reduced competition between different types of plant life
65
Nearly all single-celled eukaryotes that are either heterotrophic or photosynthetic belong to the kingdom ______.
Plantae
Animalia
Protista
Fungi
66
If two organisms are in the same phylum, they must also be in the same:
Class
Species
Kingdom
Family
67
Which of the following best describes how vacuoles differ between plant cells and animal cells?
Animal cells use vacuoles for nutrient storage while plant cells do not.
Vacuoles in animal cells provide turgor pressure to maintain cell shape .
Vacuoles in plant cells are small and used to transport nutrients.
Plant cells have a single vacuole while animal cells have multiple.
68
The graph below shows the percent of variation for a given trait in four different populations of the same species.
1
2
4
3
69
Which animal phylum is characterized by a pseudocoelomate body plan?
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Nematoda
Mollusca
70
Which component of a stable ecosystem can
not
be recycled?
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Water
Energy
71
CO
2
is produced by cellular respiration. Why does the amount of CO
2
in the atmosphere remain relatively constant?
CO2 is split apart during photosynthesis.
Most CO2 is trapped in dead organisms’ bodies.
CO2 is converted in photosynthesis to carbohydrates.
A significant amount of CO2 forms carbonate rocks.
72
Organisms that can to manufacture organic nutrients from substances in the abiotic environment are classified as ____.
Fungi
Heterotrophs
Autotrophs
Predators
73
Which animal phylum is characterized by a segmented body, an exoskeleton made of chitin, and jointed appendages?
Annelida
Mollusca
Nematoda
Arthropoda
74
Which characteristic is a key adaptation for terrestrial life observed in reptiles but generally absent in amphibians?
Ectothermy (cold-bloodedness)
Scales or feathers for insulation
Gills for gas exchange
Amniotic egg for reproduction
75
An individual has an extra copy of chromosome 16 in their genome. Their condition would be accurately described as ____
haploid trisomy
aneuploid trisomy
aneuploid monosomy
haploid monosomy
76
NAD
+
functions in the citric acid cycle as _________.
a supplier of energy
a hydrogen acceptor
an enzyme
a cytochrome
77
Which vertebrate group is still largely dependent on aquatic environments for reproduction due to their permeable eggs?
Mammals
Reptiles
Birds
Amphibians
78
Which of the following is a Monotreme?
koala
platypus
kangaroo
possum
79
Read the passage below, and determine which of the following conclusions is best supported by the observation.
The muscle cell requires more ATP than the epithelial cell.
The muscle cell does not require ATP to function.
The epithelial cell does not require ATP to function.
The epithelial cell requires more ATP than the muscle cell.
80
A virus is non-living because_____.
it can evolve
it does not contain cells
it does not contain DNA or RNA
it can replicate
81
Which factor would have the
greatest
effect on the flow of energy into an ecosystem?
a small increase in the number of decomposers
a small decrease in the amount of minerals available
a large decrease in the amount of sunlight available
a large increase in the number of carnivores
82
Which of the following is not a characteristic of gymnosperms?
They produce flowers
They produce seeds
They do not produce fruit
They are pollinated by the wind
83
Cnidocytes are found in _____.
phylum Cnidaria
phylum Nematoda
phylum Nemertea
phylum Porifera
84
Viruses have strands of DNA or RNA covered in a protective protein.
False
True
85
The size of a mouse population in a natural ecosystem tends to remain relatively constant due to ______.
the carrying capacity of the environment
the lack of natural predators
cycling of energy
increased numbers of decomposers
86
Read the question and select the best response.
Number of crustaceans
Temperature
Length of exposure
Heart rate
87
One biotic factor that affects consumers in an ocean ecosystem is
temperature variation
salt content
number of autotrophs
pH of water
88
The graphs below show the changes in the relative concentrations of two gases in the air surrounding a group of mice.
photosynthesis
active transport
evaporation
respiration
89
The graph below indicates the size of a fish population over a period of time. What does section "A" represent?
biodiversity within the species
a population becoming extinct
nutritional relationships of the species
a population at equilibrium
90
A virus is not a living thing because it cant reproduce without
Sex
Protein
DNA
A cell
91
Some of the energy taken in by an organism is not available to other organisms in a food web, because that energy is
produced in muscle tissue during the growth of an organism
lost to the environment as heat
stored in eggs produced during sexual reproduction
stored in the remains of a dead animal
92
In vertebrate species, sudoriferous glands produce ________.
sweat
sebum
milk
lipids
93
Why are frogs restricted to living in a moist environment?
frog cells lose more water through transpiration than other organisms
frogs secrete mucus that interacts with water
frog eggs lack a shell and dehydrate quickly in dry environments
frogs are amphibians and, like fish, can only breathe underwater
94
Farmers currently use genetically enhanced varieties of seed because these varieties _________.
increase biodiversity in native populations.
yield crops that require less labor to harvest.
provide greater resistance to disease and pests.
reduce soil loss on erosion-prone land.
