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Biology EOC 24-25 Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology EOC 24-25
Biology EOC 24-25
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1
Which vestigial structure (type of homologous structure) suggests common ancestry in this pic?
A
C
none
B
2
Which letter is showing the sugar that is used to build this compound?
B
C
D
A
3
Which of the following carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis?
tRNA
mRNA
nRNA
rRNA
4
At what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
after a cell divides
before a cell divides
5
What is the human embryo called after the eighth week of development?
morula
zygote
fetus
infant
6
The presence of wastes in lakes and streams miles away from developed areas suggests that
human action can alter ecosystem equilibrium.
recycling programs have failed to conserve biotic resources
harvesting has led to irreversible destruction of ecosystems
natural processes can alter ecosystem stability.
7
Which of the following is NOT found in an animal cell?
Lysosome
Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Golgi Apparatus
8
What stage is being shown by the letter D?
Metaphase
Prophase
Anaphase
Telophase
9
According the diagram what will happen to this cell in about 4 hours?
It will stay the same
It will shrink
It will swell
Water will be pumped out
10
What is the genotype of person 2 in generation 1?
aa
AA
Aa
unsolvable
11
The way that crimes are solved today was affected by which of the following technologies?
genetic testing
DNA fingerprinting
Genetic modification
gene therapy
12
What is the body's first line of defense against infection by foreign organisms?
lymph nodes
white blood cells
antibodies
skin
13
Which of the following is true of a zygote?
It forms into a blastocyst
It is an unfertilized egg
It produces haploid male gametophytes
It is made up of only one cell
14
Which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function?
nucleus - storage of nutrients
ribosome - protein synthesis
mitochondrion - movement
vacuole - cell division
15
Which letter in the diagram below would be showing the molecule that reduces activation energy?
C
B
D
A
16
What ecological process is being shown in the diagram below?
Ecological Energy Movement
Ecological Progression
Ecological Regression
Ecological Succession
17
Which of the following is an example of a primary consumer?
Hawk
Plant
Rabbit
Lizard
18
What does the prefix a- mean?
high
not
low
including
19
If an individual has the chromosomes XY, this means
They are male
They are female
20
Identify
carbohydrate
nucleic acid
protein
lipid
21
Which of the following is a limiting factor in a population of organisms.
fluctuations in atmospheric temperature
reproductive replacement
life spans of the members
availability of food
22
Identify this process.
mitosis
meiosis
23
What does sym- mean
apart
cell
water
together
24
Based on the information in the diagram below what is the independent variable?
Temperature
Algae growth
Initial Algae amounts
Amount of Fertilizer
25
__________ capture light energy for photosynthesis.
Chloroplast
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Rough ER
26
White blood cells are an important part of the immune response. They act as Phagocytes, which
produce antibodies.
engulf and destroy bacteria.
bind to antigens and develop into plasma cells.
form a barrier against pathogens.
27
What trait do all organisms pictured in this cladogram share?
Limbs
Amniotic Egg
Lungs
Fur
28
What is immunity?
The body's ability to produce the "fight or flight" response
body's ability to produce cells to stop foreign substances.
The body's ability to regulate homeostasis
body's ability to use the endocrine system to fight disease
29
What letter is pointing to the organelle that is made from phospholipids?
C
B
A
D
30
What letter below would be showing the area of the brain that process ideas, thoughts, and info
D
F
G
C
31
What reactant below would be required for the process that takes place inside this organelle?
Glucose
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
ATP
32
RNA and DNA are which type of macromolecules?
lipid
protein
carbs
nucleic acids
33
Which kingdoms have photosynthetic organisms?
plants and animals
fungi and plants
fungi and protists
protists and plants
34
What explains why cells that contained mitochondria-like organelles had an advantage?
They were able to make more use of available energy
They had more DNA
They were able to photosynthesize
They were immune to bacterial invasion.
35
Plant cells that are specialized for division are
most likely
found in what part of the plant?
stem epidermis
leaf epidermis
root tips
vascular tissue
36
Which of the following describes fertilization?
a sperm joining an egg to form a zygote
formation of germ layers in a deuterostome
sperm and egg production
cell differentiation to form a blastula
37
Which row below best fits the diagram?
1
3
2
4
38
Which of these organisms would most likely be found at the top of an energy pyramid?
sardines - a primary consumer
clams - a primary consumer
sharks - a secondary consumer
kelp - a primary producer
39
What is in the nucleus of an atom?
Neutrons, Electrons
Protons, Electrons
Protons, Neutrons
Protons, Neutrons, Electrons
40
Both DNA and RNA?
contain the nitrogen base U
have phosphate
are found in the cytoplasm
are inorganic
41
identify
passive transport
active transport
42
Which statement describes the role of flowers in plant survival?
Flowers produce oxygen through cellular respiration
Flowers contain cells that carry out photosynthesis
Flowers contain cells that produce gametes
Flowers can absorb carbon dioxide for sugar production
43
Which of the cells below would be found inside an organism that performs photosynthesis?
4
3
2
1
44
Fungi are
heterotrophs
autotrophs
45
How do human diseases caused by bacteria and diseases caused by viruses react to antibiotics?
Viral diseases respond to antibiotics; bacterial do not
Bacterial diseases respond to antibiotics; viral do not.
Neither responds to antibiotics.
Both respond to antibiotics.
46
See finches Darwin found on the Galapagos Islands. What produced the different types of beaks?
Artificial Selection
Disuse of the beak
Natural Selection
Geographical Distribution
47
The image below shows a cellular process which statement about this process would be incorrect?
This would increase variation
This could be asexual reproduction
This could be mitosis
The daughter cells are identical
48
Which of the following would most likely cause a mutation?
the placement of ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
the insertion of a nucleotide into DNA
the movement of transfer RNA out of the nucleus
the release of messenger RNA from DNA
49
Water sticks together because of its
ability to expand when freezing
cohesion
ability as a universal solvent
high heat capacity
50
The image below shows a man sprinting. What statement below would NOT be true about him?
He is doing aerobic respiration
His blood pressure is increased
He is doing anaerobic respiration
He is producing lactic acid
51
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
Cellular resp produces O2, photosynthesis uses O2.
Photosynthesis releases energy, cellular resp stores energy.
Cellular resp stores ATP, photosynthesis releases ATP.
Photosynthesis uses CO2, cellular resp produces CO2
52
Why does ice stay at the top of oceans instead of sinking to the bottom?
Ice is more dense than liquid water.
Ice is colder than liquid water.
Ice is warmer than liquid water.
Ice is less dense than liquid water.
53
Which structure in the leaf controls the opening and closing of the stoma?
epidermis
cuticle
guard cell
spongy mesophyll
54
Which of the following best describes meiosis?
It is the first stage of mitosis.
It is carried out in tissues that require cell replacement
It happens in all tissues except the brain and spinal cord
It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures
55
What information best helps the scientists to determine evolutionary relationships?
reproductive strategies
habitat types
anatomical features
DNA sequences
56
Protein channels in the cell membrane help with
facilitated diffusion and active transport
active transport
diffusion
facilitated diffusion
57
Which types of organisms developed first due to the early environmental conditions on Earth?
prokaryotic and aerobic
eukaryotic and anaerobic
eukaryotic and aerobic
prokaryotic and anaerobic
58
What causes blood pressure?
contraction of the ventricles in the heart
removal of oxygen from the blood
cholesterol in the blood
stress that exercise puts on heart muscle
59
What group in the experiment below would be the control group?
D
C
B
A
60
What form of energy is being created in the diagram below?
Solar
Carbon Dioxide
Glucose
ATP
61
Fats, oils and cholesterol are all types of what?
fatty acids
hormones
lipids
cell membranes
62
Which of the following factors would most directly affect blood flow?
respiratory rate
outside temperature
blood pressure
blood sugar
63
What function does ATP carry out in living things?
identifies DNA start sequences for transcription
aids in protein folding and coiling
used to capture and transfer energy
helps maintain the fluidity of cell membranes
64
Which of the following carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis?
tRNA
mRNA
None Mentioned
rRNA
65
Which set of parents can most likely produce a child with type O blood?
1 parent with type AB blood & the other with type A blood
1 parent with type AB blood and the other with type O blood
1 parent with type A blood and the parent with type O blood
66
According to the food web below, which organism has to be the producer?
M
A
T
E
67
Mutations within a DNA sequence are
unnatural processes that always affect the phenotype
unnatural processes that are harmful to genetic diversity
natural processes that always affect the phenotype
natural processes that produce genetic diversity
68
Which gas is removed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?
oxygen
hydrogen
carbon dioxide
nitrogen
69
Which invention from the 17th century allowed for the development of modern cell theory?
x-rays
electron microscope
computers
light microscope
70
Which statement is true
Diploid cells are produced by meiosis.
Haploid cells are produced by meiosis.
Haploid cells are produced by mitosis.
Diploid cells are produced by mitosis.
71
What does the prefix endo- mean?
outside
explosion
meme
inside
72
This reaction is...
Exothermic
Endothermic
73
Which of the following are abiotic factors that shape ecosystems?
niches, trees, and bacteria
worms, plants and temperature
sunlight, mushrooms, and wind
wind, precipitation, and soil type
74
What type of cells are in charge of creating antibodies in order to fight off pathogens?
Helper T cells
Macrophages
B Cells
Natural Killer cells
75
A man with AO blood is crossed with a woman with BB blood. What is the % chance of a O type kid
100%
0%
50%
25%
76
What does bio- mean?
sleep
life
death
animal
77
How many amino acids are coded for by this segment?
5' ATCAGCGCTGGC 3'
8
20
12
4
78
The organelle in the diagram below creates ATP, what organelle is it?
Chloroplast
Golgi Body
Nucleus
Mitochondria
79
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions! What affects enzyme activity?
All mentioned
Temperature
pH
Concentration
80
What is the term for a strong response to a harmless antigen in the environment?
an allergy
cell-mediated immunity
an autoimmune disease
inflammatory response
81
What molecule has CHO in a 1:2:1 ratio?
lipid
amino acid
carb
water
82
These tetrapod limbs are similar because of a common ancestor, they are __ structures?
vestigial
analogous
embryonic
homologous
83
What will most likely happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction?
. The reaction rate will increase.
The equilibrium of the reaction will be maintained.
The reaction will stop.
The reaction rate will decrease.
84
During which process would water move into the root of a plant?
active transport
transpiration
osmosis
diffusion
85
What passes through the cell membrane easiest?
Soda
Water
None mentioned
Vinegar
86
A farmer sprays pesticide on some ants. Which statement would NOT be true about diagram?
The black ants have an adaptive trait
The white ants are better suited
The black allele is more frequent
Natural selection is occuring
87
A membrane of a cell allows H20, o2, & co2 to pass, but most things are blocked. This is called
semi-permeable
permeable
non-conductive
perforated
88
Which category is the MOST diverse?
species
domain
genus
kingdom
89
What property of water allows it to be such a versatile solvent?
expansion upon freezing
purity
high heat capacity
polarity and cohesion
90
Pictured is a pedigree chart. Identify the female carrier of the gene.
Colored Square
Half-Colored Circle
Non-Colored Circle
Non-Colored Square
91
The forelimbs of all mammals have the same basic bone structure. What is this an example of?
Homologous Structures- Suggests common ancestry
Analogous Structures- Does not suggest common ancestry
92
_________ are the monomers of proteins.
amino acids
carbohydrates
fatty acids
lipids
93
Identify this organelle.
Mitochondria
Lysosome
Nucleus
Chloroplast
94
What is the main purpose of seeds in plants that have them?
To entice animals to eat the plant.
To be fertilized by other plants.
To protect and distribute the zygote.
To store water for the mother plant.
95
Why are there so few aquatic plants and phytoplankton that live at bottom zones in the ocean?
Most sunlight is absorbed before reaching these levels
The ocean floor contains many decomposers.
Water is a limiting factor.
The temperature in these zones is extremely low.
96
What type of nucleic acid below would carry an amino acid to the ribosome?
A
D
C
B
97
If the xylem in a young tree is damaged, which process is most affected?
transporting sugar to the roots
absorbing water from the soil
transporting water to the leaves
performing photosynthesis
98
Which type of microscope would be used to view a cell?
None mentioned
Scanning electron microscope
light microscope
transmission electron microscope
99
In which structure is the blastocyst (mammalian embryo) implanted during human development?
Vagina
Uterus
Amniotic Sac
Ovary
100
Which event causes primary succession to have to occur?
flood
hurricane
Volcanic eruption
forest fire
101
___________ cells open and close the stomata which take in/release gases in plant leaves.
cuticle
guard cells
spongy mesophyll
epidermis
102
A common molecule is shown below. This molecule is best known as a __ molecule?
explosive
polar
highly energetic
non-polar
103
A plant species lives in an area with limited sunlight. Which adaptation is
most
useful?
Colorful flowers
deep roots
thin cuticle
large leaves
104
After a zygote is created, how does it grow?
meiosis
mitosis
105
Which of the following are jobs a protein does?
ALL MENTIONED
copy DNA during transcription
Transport things in and out of the cell membrane
catalyze chemical reactions
106
Which type of reproduction leads to increased genetic variation on a population?
Parthenogenesis
asexual reproduction
Vegetative reproduction
Sexual reproduction
107
What makes the majority of the energy for an ecosystem?
Secondary Consumers
Tertiary Consumers
Primary Consumers
Producers
108
A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base form the building blocks of which compound?
carb
protein
lipid
nucleic acid
109
Which of the following phrases best describes cancer?
miltiple gene mutations on a chromosome of DNA
absence of cyclins in the DNA
uncontrolled cell growth caused by mutations
presence of genetic defects caused by hereditary disorders
110
What PS below shows the chance a couple would have 75% of having a kid with the dominant trait?
C
B
A
D
111
Due to independent assortment, what is the possible gametes produced by an organism?
S, s, T, t
ST, St, sT, st
SsTt
Ss, Tt
112
Which choice describes DNA after replication has taken place?
two molecules, each with two new strands
two molecules, each with one original and one new strand
two molecules, each with two old strands
a molecule w/ 2 orig. strands & a molecule w/ 2 new strands
113
Complete burning of plant material returns carbon primarily to the
atmosphere
herbivores
vegetation
water
114
Large bodies of water do not quickly fluctuate in temperature. What is the reason for this
Water is a versatile solvent
Water has a high heat capacity.
Water acts as a buffer.
Water is an acid.
115
What is the body's first line of defense against infection by foreign organisms?
antibodies
lymph nodes
the skin
white blood cells
116
Which of the following are PRODUCTS of cellular respiration?
H20
All mentioned
ATP
CO2
117
What does photo- mean?
dark
light
protein
energy
118
The movement of K into the cell would most likely be?
Facilitated Diffusion
Osmosis
Active Transport
Diffusion
119
What type of building block is represented below?
Monosaccharide
Amino acid
Fatty acid
Nucleotide
120
How much energy moves one trophic level to the next after being metabolized/released as heat?
None Mentioned
1%
100%
10%
121
Which characteristic do most plants have in common?
autotrophic
prokaryotic
produce seeds
unicellular
122
What is the term for a strong response to a harmless antigen in the environment?
Inflammatory Response
Cell mediated immunity
Autoimmune Response
An allergy
123
Which choice correctly describes the process seen in Event A and Event B?
A: Asexual B:Meiosis
A: Asexual B: Sexual
A: Fertilization B: Sexual
A: Mitosis B: Asexual
124
Which type(s) of cells have genetic material that is contained in a nucleus?
both plant and animal cells
bacteria
only animal cells
protists
125
What does the nucleolus generate?
ER
microfilaments
mitochondria
ribosomes
