Chapter 3 Vocabulary Review

The difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another

One of the first unifying concepts of biology that summarizes three major principles is the 

 A solution that has a higher concentration of dissolved particles than a cell is

rigid layer that gives protection, support, and shape to the plant cell

 tiny organelles that link amino acids together to form proteins

a type of endocytosis in which the cell membrane engulfs large particles

A protein that detects a signal molecule and performs an action in response is a

When water molecules diffuse from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration

describes the arrangement of molecules that make up a cell membrane

do not have a nucleus or other membrane bound organelles

is the diffusion of molecules across a membrane through transport proteins

Process of taking liquids or fairly large molecules into a cell by engulfing them in a membrane

A network of proteins that is constantly changing to meet the needs of the cell is the

cylinder-shaped organelles made of a short microtubules arranged in a circle

 has the same concentration of dissolved particles as the cell

Drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower to higher concentration

 tiny, fluid-filled sacs used for the storage of materials needed by a cell

 allows some, but not all, materials to cross

a jellylike substance found in the cell that contains dissolved molecular building blocks 

An interconnected network of thin, folded membranes where proteins & lipids are produced 

 a molecule that is composed of a charged phosphate group, glycerol, and two fatty acid chains

movement of molecules in fluid or gas from higher concentration to lower concentration

The storehouse for most of the genetic information, or DNA, in cells

controls the passage of materials into and out of a cell

The movement of molecules across a cell membrane without energy input from the cell

supply energy to the cell

Structures specialized to perform distinct processes within a cell

organelles that contain enzymes that break down damaged or worn out cell parts & defend cell

small membrane bound sacs that divide & transport materials from place to place within the cell

have a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles

The release of a substance out of a cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane

Organelles that carry out photosynthesis

closely layered stacks of membrane-enclosed spaces that process, sort, & deliver proteins

solution has a lower concentration of dissolved particles than a cell