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APES UNIT 1 REVIEW Flashcards | StudBud
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APES UNIT 1 REVIEW
APES UNIT 1 REVIEW
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1
Hot summers, cold winters, less rainfall, extreme temp differences, agricultural land
Temperate Grassland
Savanna
Desert
Scrubland
2
What do nutrient cycles, also known as biochemical cycles, involve?
Only biological processes
Chemical processes only
Biological, geological, and chemical processes
Geological and physical processes
3
Ponds covered in thick, floating mats of vegetation
Bogs
Marshes
Swamps
Pond
4
What is the zone located between the benthic and limnetic zones that lacks photosynthesis?
Profundal zone
Littoral zone
Limnetic zone
Benthic zone
5
Environmental science is considered interdisciplinary because it:
Is focused on a single scientific discipline
Only studies abiotic beings
Involves different fields of study such as bio, chem, geo
Is limited to political ideology
6
Which of the following processes only involves abiotic factors?
Erosion
Reproduction
Photosynthesis
Plant growth
7
Cool summer, mild winter, high precipitation, fertile soil full of decaying matter, logging industry
Temperate Rainforest
Boreal Forest
Temperate Seasonal Forest
Tropical Rainforest
8
Where does chemosynthesis primarily occur?
Photic zone
Pelagic zone
Intertidal zone
Aphotic zone
9
Hot year round, intense wet and dry seasons,scattered trees, mostly grasses, large herb avoids and carnivores, rangeland
Scrubland
Savanna
Grassland
Desert
10
Freshwater marshes: grasses that grow above the waters surface
True
False
11
The intertidal zone is best described as:
The bottom of the ocean
The area where freshwater meets saltwater
A deep ocean area with no light
A shallow area along the water’s surface
12
In ecosystems, how much energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next?
10%
100%
50%
25%
13
What is the term for a close and long-term interaction between two different species?
Predation
Competition
Migration
Symbiotic relationship
14
Which of the following best describes the first law of thermodynamics?
Energy is lost as heat when transferred
Energy increases with each trophic level
Energy is always in usable form
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed
15
Which of the following is essential for both biotic and abiotic beings in ecosystems?
Environmentalism
Political stability
Reproduction
Access to resources
16
In which zone does photosynthesis by phytoplankton primarily occur?
Limnetic Zone
Benthic Zone
Profundal zone
Littoral zone
17
What is an example of an abiotic-abiotic interaction?
Photosynthesis
Erosion
Reproduction
Predation
18
What are the limiting factors of aquatic biomes?
Phosphates and oxygen
Phosphates and nitrates
Salt levels and carbon dioxide
Temperature and sunlight
19
Streams and rivers= Marine
True
False
20
More rainfall then tundra, evergreen trees (Christmas), wolves/bears, hibernating animals, deforestation
Temperate Seasonal Forest
Scrubland
Boreal Forest
Tundra
21
What is the main difference between reservoirs and exchange pools in nutrient cycles?
Reservoirs release materials; exchange pools accept materials
Reservoirs accept materials; exchange pools release materials
Exchange pools are larger
Both release the same amount of materials
22
What causes the periodic rising and falling of ocean height?
Gravitational pull of sun and moon
Earths rotation
Wind and storms
23
Where are phytoplankton and animal life most concentrated in the open ocean?
In deep waters
Near coral reefs
In the benthic zone
In nutrient rich areas
24
In which zone is light used to create nutrients?
Aphotic zone
Intertidal zone
Pelagic zone
Photic zone
25
Why does less energy get transferred as you move up the trophic levels?
Only 10% of energy is transferred upward, with the rest lost as heat
Only 25% of energy is passed to the next level
Organisms use all of the energy at each level
Energy is fully retained by each organism
26
In a food chain, what do the arrows represent?
The increase in biomass
The exchange of nutrients
The movement of organisms
The direction of energy flow
27
What is coral primarily composed of?
Sand and rocks
Calcium carbonate from shells
Salt deposits
Phytoplankton remains
28
Which environment is home to animals that are highly adaptable to changing conditions?
Coral reefs
Open ocean
Intertidal zones
Estuaries
29
Ecosystems are the result of interactions between biotic and abiotic factors.
True
False
30
Hot summers, cold winters, frozen winters, wet, fertile soil, leaves fall off, north US, Europe
Temperate Seasonal Forest
Temperate Rain forest
Tropical rainforest
Tundra
31
Which zone extends along the bottom of an aquatic ecosystem?
Limnetic zone
Profundal zone
Littoral zone
Benthic zone
32
Where do aquatic plants typically grow in an aquatic ecosystem?
Limnetic zone
Benthic zone
Littoral zone
Profundal zone
33
Which zone is known as the open ocean?
Aphotic zone
Intertidal zone
Pelagic zone
Photic zone
34
What happens to the predator population when the prey population decreases?
The predator population decreases due to less food being available.
The predator population stays the same regardless of prey numbers.
The predator population increases because there is less competition.
The predator population migrates to find new prey immediately.
35
Which of the following is an example of mutualism?
A lion hunting a zebra
A mosquito feeding on human blood
A fish eating parasites off a shark
A bee pollinating a flower
36
What percentage of Earth’s water is digestible (usable) for humans?
10%
25%
50%
3%
37
Mild moist winters, hot dry summers, low rainfall, infertile soil, shrubs and small trees, plants depend on fire
Desert
Savanna
Grassland
Scrubland
38
What do terrestrial and marine ecosystems primarily rely on for energy at the lowest trophic levels?
Energy from producers and the sun
Energy from other organisms
Energy from nutrient cycling
Energy from decomposers
39
What is one of the reasons the global distribution of biomes changes over time?
Constant soil type
Latitude remaining unchanged
Human development
Steady climate patterns
40
In a commensalism relationship, how does one species benefit?
Neither species benefits
One species benefits while the other is unaffected
One species benefits while the other is harmed
Both species benefit equally.
41
Driest biome, temp extremes, organisms are specialized to live there, low nutrient soil, shrubs/ cactus, reptiles
Grassland
Tundra
Desert
Savanna
42
What are the key factors that differentiate each biome?
Geography and altitude
Latitude and human development
Soil type and nutrient availability
Temperature and precipitation
43
Abundant rainfall, hot year round, high decomposition rate, nutrient poor soil
Scrubland
Tropical Rainforest
Savanna
Temperate Rainforest
44
The distribution of natural resources varies due to a combination of factors, which include:
Latitude, altitude, and human geography
Precipitation, population density, and altitude
Human activities, soil type, and nutrient availability
Climate, geography, and soil type
45
Which of the following is an example of parasitism
Fish eating off a shark
mosquito biting a human
A flower pollinating an insect
Birds building a nest in a tree
46
According to the second law of thermodynamics, what happens to energy in ecosystems?
All energy is recycled efficiently
Energy becomes more organized over time
Heat is a less usable and disorganized form of energy
Energy is always transferred in full amounts
47
Very cold, very dry, barren year round, little daylight in winter, permafrost
Boreal Forest
Tropical rainforest
Tundra
Grassland
48
What does primary productivity measure?
The rate of nutrient cycling in ecosystems
The rate solar energy is converted by photosynthesis into organisms
The amount of heat released y plants
The rate at which animals convert food into energy
49
What is the environment composed of?
Both biotic and abiotic beings
Biotic beings only
None of the above
Abiotic beings only
50
What is gross primary productivity?
The amount of energy transferred between trophic levels
The energy used by plants for respiration
The percentage of energy lost as heat in ecosystems
The total amount of solar energy captured by plants for photosynthesis
51
What can competition between species often result from?
imited access to communal resources
Abundance of resources
Mutual benefit
Long-term symbiotic relationships
52
Environmental science studies nature; environmentalism is political
True
False
53
Which of the following is an example of a biotic-biotic interaction?
Photosynthesis
Reproduction
Erosion
Water evaporation
54
What happens to entropy as you go up the trophic levels in an ecosystem?
Energy remains fully usable
Entropy remains constant
Entropy increases
Entropy decreases
55
Which of the following is considered a biotic factor?
Soil
Water
Rocks
Plants
56
Protect us from flooding, shallow standing water, buffer system
Swamps
Marshes
Bogs
Wetland
57
Which law of thermodynamics relates to the increase in entropy in ecosystems?
Law of energy retention
Law of conservation of mass
First law of thermodynamics
Second law of thermodynamics
58
Which of the following is an example of a biotic-abiotic interaction?
Water cycle
Erosion
Photosynthesis
Reproduction
