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Biology Second Semester Review
Biology Second Semester Review
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review of second semester biology concepts
Flashcards
66 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
66
Answers
1
Which type of bacteria has a spherical shape & may be found in large clumps or long chains?
sprillium
coccus
polyhedral
bacillus
2
Which biogeochemical cycle is depicted below?
nitrogen
phosphorus
carbon
water
3
Which of the following lists the components of an RNA nucleotide?
ribose, phosphate, uracil
ribose, phosphate, thymine
deoxyribose, phosphate, uracil
deoxyribose phosphate, cytosine
4
In the 1890s, an infective agent smaller then bacteria was found. The infective agent is
protists
eukaryotes
viruses
fungi
5
What always occurs when converting wildlife habitats into farmland?
growth of insect resistance to pesticides
increase in the populations of predators
spread of bacterial disease
reduction of ecosystem biodiversity
6
Which disturbance would set the stage for primary succession?
A fire burns through a temperate forest.
A rainforest is clear cut for timber.
A farmer's field is flooded.
A volcano covers the ground with lava.
7
Relative dating of fossils differs from radioactive dating of fossils in that relative dating
measures changes in fossils according to decaying isotopes.
can provide a rough estimation of the age of a fossil.
requires observing the place in which the fossil was found.
requires use of modern technology.
8
Which statement describes a structural difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA is single stranded and RNA is double stranded
DNA has cytosine and RNA has guanine
DNA is madeup of nucleotides & RNA is madeup of amino acids
DNA has thymine and RNA has uracil
9
The relationship between a tick and the dog it is biting is called
predation.
mutualism.
parasitism.
commensalism.
10
What most likely resulted from advancements in DNA technology?
discovery of different blood types
relating structural similarities between organisms
genetic screening for disease
studying phenotypic traits between related organisms
11
Which best explains why bacteria are classified as living but viruses are not?
Bacteria and viruses both have organelles.
Bacteria require sunlight to survive & viruses do not.
Bacteria are heterotrophic & viruses are autotrophic.
Bacteria reproduce on their own & viruses do not.
12
Which biome has the greatest amount of biodiversity?
boreal forest
temperate grasslands
tropical savanna
tropical rain forest
13
Which group is highest in the hierarchy of life and thus includes the others?
population
ecosystem
community
organism
14
The figure below shows genetic material. What information confirms this as an RNA molecule?
The molecule has a sugar-phosphate backbone.
The molecule is single-stranded.
The molecule has hydrogen bonds.
The molecule contains adenine.
15
Which action is an application of the work of Watson & Crick?
blood typing
DNA fingerprinting
magnetic resonance imaging
arthroscopic surgery
16
Which biogeochemical cycle is represented below?
phosphorus
nitrogen
carbon
water
17
Into which domain would one classify bacteria that live in hydrothermal vents?
Extrema
Eukarya
Bacteria
Archaea
18
Which describes a change of alleles in a population over time?
biological evolution
incomplete dominance
independent assortment
relative frequency
19
Which theory was most influential in the completion of the Human Genome Project?
cell theory
theory of evolution
germ theory of disease
chromosome theory of heredity
20
In what way are bacteria extremely important to agriculture?
they cause chemical change during photosynthesis
they release water that is taken up by plant roots
they provide oxygen for plants
they fix nitrogen in the soil
21
Which structure can be used to differentiate eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?
ribosomes
plasma membrane
nucleus
nucleic acids
22
Which describes a group of organisms that belong to the same species and live in the same area?
community
ecosystem
population
biosphere
23
How are bacteria different from viruses?
Bacteria can cause diseases in humans.
Bacteria are microscopic.
Bacteria are classified as living things.
Bacteria lack a nucleus.
24
The grizzly bear's scientific name is
Ursus horribilis
. The scientific name is made up of the
family and genus.
species and order.
genus and species.
order and family.
25
What is one way in which all eukaryotic cells and all prokaryotic cells are similar?
they reproduce sexually
they are roughly the same size
they share the same kinds of organelles
they are contained in a cell membrane
26
Which biome would most likely contain the largest number of hibernating animals?
savanna
marine
temperate forest
tropical rain forest
27
Which component is found in DNA but not in RNA?
single-stranded backbone
hydrogen-bonded pairs
adenine-thymine base pair
sugar-phosphate groups
28
A protist eating food is shown below. This protist can be described as acting like
an animal.
a virus.
a fungus.
a plant.
29
Which organisms can live in extreme conditions such as hot springs with low pH?
Bacteria
Fungi
Protista
Archaea
30
Clownfish are protected by sea anemone & the anemone eats food dropped by clownfish. This is
commensalism
competition
parasitism
mutualism
31
The Egyptian Plover bird cleans food scraps from the teeth of crocodile. This is an example of
predation
mutualism
parasitism
commensalism
32
Some fungi were originally classifed as plants. This was a mistake because fungi
cannot make their own food.
do not have nuclei in their cells.
are not considered to be living organisms.
do not survive in areas receiving sunlight.
33
Which is an example of a biotic factor found in an ecosystem?
air currents
moisture
plants
temperature
34
How do the functions of DNA and RNA differ?
DNA directs protein transport & RNA aids in energy making
DNA is not involved in protein production & RNA is
DNA stores genetic information & RNA transfers it
DNA aids in energy making & RNA directs protein transport
35
The figure below shows a RNA nucleotide in a cell. What does the
?
represent in the nucleotide?
phosphate group
deoxyribose sugar
ribose sugar
nitrogen base
36
What type of mutation has occurred when there is no recognizable effect on the organism?
beneficial mutation
neutral mutation
harmful mutation
lethal mutation
37
Biological evolution can be summarized as the change in
chromosome frequency of a population over a year
allele frequency of a population over many generations
chromosome frequency of a population in one generation
allele frequency of a population in one generation
38
Which question could be investigated to determine the effects of a biotic factor on a pond?
How does water temperature affect respiration rate of frogs
How does the number of predators affect the fish population
How do nitrogen levels affect amount of algae in the pond
How does water pH affect the hatching of mosquito eggs
39
A plan to convert unsold food into biological fuel can be environmentally beneficial because it
restores wetlands.
reduces air pollution.
limits landfill use.
decreases biodiversity.
40
Which is a biotic factor affecting an ecosystem?
types of vegetation
daily temperature
pH of rain
average precipitation
41
Yeasts carry-out alcoholic fermentation. Which industry uses a by-product of yeast metabolism?
beer
dairy
soft drink
biomedical
42
In which set is a biotic factor paired with an abiotic factor?
herbivores and carnivores
temperature and humidity
producer and sunlight
decomposers and plants
43
Which two types of molecules are found in all viruses and protists?
lipids and nucleic acids
nucleic acids and proteins
carbohydrates and proteins
carbohydrates and lipids
44
What question did both Larmarck and Darwin try to answer with their theories of evolution?
What causes populations of organisms to change over time?
What is the role of DNA in the inheritance of traits?
What happens to beneficial traits in populations over time?
What are patterns of heredity in sexual reproduction?
45
Which is a correct example of base-pairing within the Watson-Crick double helix model of DNA?
thymine-guanine
cytosine-thymine
guanine-adenine
adenine-thymine
46
Which statement best describes what happened after Darwin developed the theory of evolution?
It was reviewed by peers for verification.
It was made into a law.
It was automatically approved as fact.
It was voted on by scientists to be accepted or rejected.
47
One way that pesticides have had a negative effect on ecosystems is by
presticide treated plants can no longer fix nitrogen.
build up toxins in animals that eat pesticide sprayed plants
allowing plants to build up resistance to pesticides.
preventing runoff of pesticides into lakes and rivers.
48
What is a difference in how primary and secondary succession begins?
only secondary succession begins with larger trees & bushes
only primary succession begins in previously inhabited areas
only primary succession begins with pioneer organisms
only secondary succession begins on bare rock or new land
49
Which statement best describes the mapping of the human genome?
It has rejected the basic premise of the chromosome theory.
It is built on the germ theory of disease.
It is built on the foundation of the chromosome theory.
It has rejected the basic premise of the cell theory.
50
How would the development of hybrid cars minimize the effects of humans on the environment?
by increasing noise pollution
by decreasing dependence on fossil fuels
by increasing smog production
by decreasing the number of people traveling on roads
51
The germ theory of disease was used to develop vaccines.Which statement best supports this idea
Flu vaccine is made using material from the flu virus itself
Vaccines are rarely effective against the target pathogen.
Chicken pox vaccines can protect against unrelated diseases.
Vaccines can be made from compounds unrelated to pathogens.
52
Crucial to the idea of global warming is that global temperatures are raised when heat is
produced by fossil fuel emissions.
generated within Earth's mantle and core.
trapped by atmospheric greenhouse gases.
emitted from active volcanoes.
53
What is the correct sequence of bases for DNA segment: TAG CTA AAG when transcribed by mRNA?
TAG CTA AAG
AUC GAU UUC
UTC GUT TTC
ATC GAT TTC
54
Which is part of the process of radioactive dating for determining the age of fossils?
using the carbon 14 isotope
studying the different inclusions of rock formations
studying stratified bands of rocks
observing the biozones of different species
55
Which technology was specifically developed to lessen the effects of humans on the environment?
hybrid cars
medical forensics
stem cell research
digital video & television
56
Which illustrates Lamarck's explanation of evolution?
A female peacock has bright feathers which attracts mates
A blacksmith develops big arm muscles & passes them to sons
Some humans tan after exposure to the sun
A fish species develops larger fins over millions of years
57
Which process cycles carbon through the environment?
transpiration
sedimentation
habitat restoration
organic decomposition
58
Which nitrogen base is only found in an RNA nucleotide?
Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Uracil
59
Which presents the correct order of biomes from least biodiversity to most biodiversity?
tundra, taiga, temperate grassland, rainforest
taiga, tundra, temperate grassland, rainforest
taiga, tundra, rainforest, temperate grassland
tundra, taiga, rainforest, temperate grassland
60
Which statement is true about DNA and RNA?
Both have a phosphate and sugar backbone.
Both have a single strand of nucleotides.
Both have a double strand of nucleotides.
Both are involved in the process of translation.
61
A multicellur organism that absorbs nutrients & reproduces by spores belongs to
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Bacteris
Kingdom Animalia
Kingdom Plantae
62
Which taxonomic group is appropriately described as organisms that can successfully interbreed?
order
species
family
class
63
One issue caused by ozone depletion is increased
number of infectious diseases.
skin cancer cases.
fossil fuel emissions.
acid rain.
64
What is formed during photosynthesis and broken down during cellular respiration?
glucose
carbon dioxide
lactic acid
water
65
Under which conditions might the theory of evolution be modified?
Additional data shows how natural selection works today
A recent study on natural selection provides new evidence
Peer review of Darwin studies are published in a new journal
Data is found from a scientist who lived prior to Darwin
66
As compared to bacteria and eukaryotes, species of archaea are considered to be the most
massive.
complex.
common.
ancient.
