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Physical Science Chapter 4 Flashcards | StudBud
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Physical Science Chapter 4
Physical Science Chapter 4
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Atomic Structure
Flashcards
26 cards
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Questions
26
Answers
1
What do you know has to be true when comparing Oxygen-17 and Oxygen-18?
Different overall charges
Different electron amount
Different proton amounts
Both are isotopes of oxygen
2
Which subatomic particle is substantially smaller than the other two?
electrons
none - they are all the same size
protons
neutrons
3
Which scientist believed the atom resembled a tiny, solid sphere with a predictable mass?
John Dalton
J.J. Thomson
Neils Bohr
Ernest Rutherford
4
Compare the atom when in the ground state versus the excited state.
excited: more energy & less stable
excited: less energy & more stable
ground: more energy & more stable
ground: less energy & less stable
5
Which scientist discovered negatively charged particles?
John Dalton
Ernest Rutherford
J.J. Thomson
Neils Bohr
6
Which scientist discovered the existence of a nucleus in the atom
Neils Bohr
J.J. Thomson
Ernest Rutherford
John Dalton
7
When an electron moves to a higher energy level, what has happened?
electron has left the atom
electron has lost energy
electron is in it's ground state
electron has gained energy
8
What did Rutherford's and Bohr's models have in common?
Both thought all matter came from earth, fire, air, and water
Both placed electrons in the cloud
Both had a nucleus in the center with a lot of empty space around it
Both contained electrons in energy levels
9
Regarding a particular element, what does the atomic number ALWAYS equal?
number of neutrons
number of electrons
mass number
number of protons
10
What is the charge of the electron?
neutral
random
negative
positive
11
Choose the FALSE statement.
Electron cloud represents all orbitals.
An electron has the same amount of energy in all orbitals.
Lowest energy level has only one orbital.
Orbitals can only contain 2 electrons.
12
Which scientist describes his model like planets orbiting the sun?
J.J. Thomson
Ernest Rutherford
Neils Bohr
John Dalton
13
How do you calculate the number of neutrons?
Subtract atomic number from mass number
Add mass number to atomic number
Divide the atomic number by two
Subtract mass number from atomic number
14
What causes some alpha particles to bounce back instead of pass through?
electrons in the gold atoms
neutrons in the gold atoms
the gold foil is too thick
positively charged nuclei in the gold atoms
15
According to Dalton, when elements combine into compounds,
the ratio of their masses is always the same.
their volumes are always equal.
their masses are always equal.
each element contributes an equal number of atoms.
16
How do scientists now determine the location of an electron?
blind guessing
calculus
probability
trigonometry
17
What Greek philosopher coined the term atomos?
Galileo
Dalton
Democritus
Aristotle
18
If a compound's ratio is 2:4, what would be an equivalent ratio?
7:14
4:6
1:3
1:10
19
How are the electrons arranged in Bohr's model?
orbiting nucleus with various energy levels
orbiting nucleus with identical energy levels
vibrating in place
totally random
20
How is the Electron Cloud Model described?
bug moving from flower to flower
bird sleeping in a nest
bee trapped in a closed jar
slug crawling on a leaf
21
Which item is unique for any given element?
mass of neutrons
number of neutrons
charge of electrons
number of protons
22
Which subatomic particles have about the same mass?
protons and neutrons
protons and electrons
electrons and neutrons
protons, neutrons, and electrons
23
Which statement is NOT a part of Dalton's atomic theory?
All elements are composed of atoms.
A compound contains atoms of more than one element.
All atoms of the same element have the same mass.
Atoms contain subatomic particles.
24
When neon lights glow, electrons are emitting energy as they...
move to lower energy levels
stop all of a sudden
collide with the nucleus
move to higher energy levels
25
Which scientist's model is similar to a huge stadium with a positively charged marble at the center.
Neils Bohr
John Dalton
J.J. Thomson
Ernest Rutherford
26
Where is the nucleus located in the atom and what is the charge of the nucleus?
center of the atom / positive charge
center of the atom / no charge
evenly spaced throughout the atom / random charge
center of the atom / negative charge
