How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis related, in terms of energy?

energy captured in photosyn. is used to power cell respir

What macro-molecules are involved in the cell (plasma) membrane?

carbohydrates, proteins, lipids

A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases.

H2O in gums moved out b/c high concen.of salt in solution

Muscle cells obtain energy to perform movement. How do muscle cells differ from other cells?

muscle cell would have more mitochondria than other cells

According to this graph, what can you predict about Light Intensity and Photosynthesis?

Too much light at a high intensity can damage chloroplasts

Modifies new polypeptide chains and synthesizes lipids

The individuality of an organism is determined by the

sequence of nitrogenous bases in deoxyribonucleic acid

Which choice describes DNA after replication has taken place?

two molecules, each with one original and one new strand

In this image you see DNA and its nucleotides; How do RNA nucleotides differ?

They contain Uracil instead of Thymine

Digests, recycles materials with enzymes

Which statement below most closely explains the link between jaw size and hominid evolution?

jaws of hominids evolved to be smaller and less protruding

Which is NOT part of Darwin's observations that describes the mechanisms of natural selection?

Disease and natural disaster will limit population growth.

Osmosis occurs when a diff. concen. of solute is on each side of the mem. what will happen?

H2O will move into the beaker, resulting in a smaller cell.

Which is not a statement of the cell theory?

Cells are formed by spontaneous gen

How do human diseases caused by bacteria and diseases caused by viruses react to antibiotics?

Bacteria respond to antibiotics; viruses dont.

In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?

Photosyn used CO2, while cellular respiration produces CO2

Which of the following persons would most likely contract the H1N1 virus?

person w/ no vaccine and a weakened immune syst

which inference can most likely be made about the cardiovascular systems of Patient A and B?

Patient B’s blood is quickly circulating=HIGH Blood Pressure

Which explains why cells that contained mitochondria-like organ. had an evolutionary advantage?

They were able to make more use of available energy

Which of the following is a disadvantage of genetic screening?

Insurance companies drop patient’s coverage based med issue

After the vaccine is administered, what response to the vaccine is triggered in the body?

Production of antibodies providing active immunity.

Which statement describes one of the factors affecting blood flow and its effect on blood flow?

high viscosity of blood- increased resistance and slow flow

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A cummulative practice exam for Biology EOC #eoc #review #biology

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Questions 107

Answers

1
What is the one thing that can take carbon out of the oceans and atmosphere?
Humans- Burning/Digging Up fossil fuels and Deforestation
Animals-Cell Respiration
Plants-Photosynthesis
2
The name of this process is..
Translation
Transcription
Transcripts
Translator
3
According to the phylogenetic tree, which organisms are least related to each other?
Trilobita and Chelicerata
Trilobita and Insecta
Insecta and Crustacea
Insecta and Myriapoda
4
How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis related, in terms of energy?
Energy is not involved in either
energy transformed in cell respir. is used to power photosyn
energy captured in photosyn. is used to power cell respir
Photosyn and respir perform the same task in terms of energy
5
Through which structure do the sperm travel to exit the testes?
vas deferens
seminiferous tubules
epididymis
scrotoum
6
Which is likely responsible for changes that led to larger size, strength, & speed in horses?
Evolution by natural selection
Commensalism
Inbreeding
Mirgation
7
Which of the following macromolecules are part of animal tissues that insulate/conserve heat?
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
Proteins
Carbohydrates
8
What macro-molecules are involved in the cell (plasma) membrane?
carbohydrates
proteins
lipids
nucleic acids
9
This is an animal cell, what is the one organelle this cell has that others do not?
Centromeres
Centrioles
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
10
A small portion of the population that is geographically isolated from the rest of the pop....
Genetic Drift
Natural Selection
Genetic Variation
Mutation Rate
11
A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases.
The swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution
H2O in gums moved out b/c high concen.of salt in solution
salt in the solution moved against the concen. gradient
The saltwater lowers the temperature of the H2O in the gums.
12
What is the optimal pH for the enzyme Salivary Amylase?
7
9
5
11
13
Which type(s) of cells have genetic material that is contained in a nucleus?
animals only
plants only
both plant and animal cells
bacteria
14
Muscle cells obtain energy to perform movement. How do muscle cells differ from other cells?
muscle cell have larger centrioles than the other cells
muscle cell would have more mitochondria than other cells
muscle cell have more endoplasmic reticulum than other cells
muscle cell have a larger golgi apparatus than other cells
15
A plant needs H2O, O2, CO2, and light to survive. This shows that organisms depend on:
Abiotic Factors
Symbiotic Relationships
Biotic Factors
Carnivore-Herbivore Relationships
16
According to this graph, what can you predict about Light Intensity and Photosynthesis?
The rate of photosynthesis is constant
light intensity has no effect
there is no photosynthesis occuring when in light
Too much light at a high intensity can damage chloroplasts
17
Rough ER
Digests, recycles materials
Modifies new polypeptide chains and synthesizes lipids
Communication junction between adjoining cells
Assembly of subunits of ribosomes
18
Chloroplasts...
photosynthesis
plant cell
photograph
photo bomb
19
The individuality of an organism is determined by the
sequence of nitrogenous bases in deoxyribonucleic acid
position of the ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
number of amino acids in a cell
number of nitrogenous bases in a codon
20
Which choice describes DNA after replication has taken place?
one molecule=2 original strands & one molecule=2 new strands
two molecules, each with two old strands
two molecules, each with one original and one new strand
two molecules, each with two new strands
21
In what phase does Cross-Over occur?
Mitosis 1- Meiosis 1
Prophase 1 Meiosis 1
Metaphase- Mitosis
Prophase- mitosis
22
According to the cladogram shown, which organisms are most closely related?
Exosperman and Bubbia
Exosperman and Tasmania
Belliolum and Bubbia
Belliolum and Drinys
23
A specific type of cell is being studied, the cell contains a nucleus & cell wall. this is a..
Prokaryotic Animal cell
Prokaryotic bacteria cell
Eukaryotic plant cell
Eukaryotis bacteria cell
24
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
Prophase
Anaphase
Metaphase
Telophase
25
Fertilization of the egg most likely occurred in which of the following structures?
F
A
C
D
26
In this image you see DNA and its nucleotides; How do RNA nucleotides differ?
They contain Uracil instead of Thymine
They are magical
They are the same
They contain ATCG
27
Which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function?
vacuole- cell division
ribosome- protein synthesis
mitochondria- movement
nucleus- storage of nutrients
28
Lyosome-Like Vesicle
Digests, recycles materials with enzymes
Photosynthesis
Organizes and moves internal parts of the cell
Makes lipids, degrades fats, and inactivates toxins
29
Mitochondrion
Digests and recycles materials
Stucturally supports and gives shape to the cell
Cell respiration
Photosynthesis
30
Which statement below most closely explains the link between jaw size and hominid evolution?
jaws of hominids evolved to be smaller and less protruding
There appears to be no change in the jaws of hominids
jaws of hominids evolved to be larger and more protruding
jaws changed over time due to change in brain size
31
Which of the following is true of a zygote?
It is made up of only one cell
It forms into a blastocyst
It produces haploid male gametophytes
It is an unfertilized egg
32
Which is NOT part of Darwin's observations that describes the mechanisms of natural selection?
Organisms produce more offspring than can survive.
Organisms with advantages will survive and reproduce
Species today descended with modifications from ancestor
Disease and natural disaster will limit population growth.
33
Osmosis occurs when a diff. concen. of solute is on each side of the mem. what will happen?
Salt will move into the beaker, resulting in a smaller cell.
Salt will move into the cell, resulting in a larger cell.
H2O will into the cell, resulting in a larger cell.
H2O will move into the beaker, resulting in a smaller cell.
34
Which molecules store and transmit genetic information?
Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
35
Which is not a statement of the cell theory?
Cells are formed by spontaneous gen
All living things are made of cells
cells come from other preexisting cells
Cells are the basic unit of life
36
diploid cell w 2 pairs of homologous chromos. Due to indep assort, what is the gene of gametes?
Ss, Tt
S, s, T, t
SsTt
ST, St, sT, st
37
How do human diseases caused by bacteria and diseases caused by viruses react to antibiotics?
Bacteria respond to antibiotics; viruses dont.
Neither responds to antibiotics
Viruses respond to antibiotics; bacteria don't
Both respond to antibiotics.
38
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
Cell respir stores ATP, while photosyn releases ATP.
Cell respir produces oxygen, while photosyn uses oxygen.
Photosyn used CO2, while cellular respiration produces CO2
Photosyn releases energy, while cell respir stores energy.
39
1. bacteria 2. viruses 3. eukaryotic 4. prokaryotic Which have organelles?
3 only
4 only
2 & 4
1 & 2
40
What controls movement of materials in/out of cell and contains a double layer of phospholipid?
Cell membrane
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cell wall
Nucleus
41
What is the name of the attachment point between sister chromatids in a chromosome?
Membranes
Spindle
Centrioles
Centromere
42
The diagram below shows a cellular process that occurs in organisms. What is the name of this?
enodcytosis
phagocytosis
mitosis
meiosis
43
Which of the following persons would most likely contract the H1N1 virus?
person received the vaccine and has a normal immune system
person w/ no vaccine but has a normal immune system
person received the vaccine and has a weakened immune system
person w/ no vaccine and a weakened immune syst
44
Which type of reproduction leads to increased genetic variation on a population?
Asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Vegetative reproduction
Parthenogenesis
45
which inference can most likely be made about the cardiovascular systems of Patient A and B?
Patient B should increase salt intake to decrease blood vol.
Patient A should hydrate with water to increase blood volume
Patient A’s blood is quickly circulating=HIGH Blood Pressure
Patient B’s blood is quickly circulating=HIGH Blood Pressure
46
Which explains why cells that contained mitochondria-like organ. had an evolutionary advantage?
They were able to photosynthesize
They had more DNA
They were able to make more use of available energy
They were immune to bacterial invasion.
47
Which of the following is a disadvantage of genetic screening?
child having an inheritable disease can be predicted
Insurance companies drop patient’s coverage based med issue
doctor could combine a patient’s current symptom to diagnose
results could be used to determine inheritance patterns
48
Which of the following identifies the process shown at point Z?
Replication
Translocation
Transcription
Translation
49
After the vaccine is administered, what response to the vaccine is triggered in the body?
Production of temporary resistance to the disease.
Secretion of antigens by lymphocytes.
Absorption of histamines throughout the body.
Production of antibodies providing active immunity.
50
Which structure is represented by the letter D?
prostate gland
scrotum
epididymus
tested
51
Which statement describes one of the factors affecting blood flow and its effect on blood flow?
high viscosity of blood- increased resistance and slow flow
narrowing of blood vessels increases pressure- faster flow
red blood cells change to a crescent shape- fast blood flow
low blood pH decreases the rate of diffusion- slow flow
52
The illustration below shows four lobes of the human brain. What is ?
Occipital
Temporal
Frontal
Parietal
53
Fertilization and Pregnancy: State the stages of development in order.
Zygote-> Blastocyst-> Baby-> Embryo
Baby-> Embryo-> Blastocyst-> Zygote
Blastocyst-> Zygote-> Embryo-> Baby
Zygote-> Blastocyst-> Embryo-> Baby
54
Which of the following phrases best describes cancer?
absence of cyclins in the DNA
multiple gene mutations on a chromosome of DNA
uncontrolled cell growth caused by mutations
presence of genetic defects caused by hereditary disorders
55
What is the function of enzymes in biological system?
Enzymes act as catalyst to drive chemical reactions forward.
Enzymes act as product to create new chemical reactions.
Enzymes bond with substrate to create a new reaction product
Enzymes act as substrates when the proteins are unavailable.
56
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
Metaphase
Anaphase
Prophase
Telophase
57
Which types of organisms developed first due to the early environmental conditions on Earth?
prokaryotic and aerobic
eukaryotic and aerobic
eukaryotic and anaerobic
prokaryotic and anaerobic
58
Which of the following describes the main benefit of completing The Human Genome Project?
Designing new human genes
Patenting specific human genes
Cloning humans
Identifying genetically-based diseases
59
What can you conclude about the effect of the concentration of carbon on photosynthesis?
photosynthsis doesnt use CO2, it uses O2
photosynthsis will increase constantly with increased CO2
Photosynthesis increases along point c
photosyn increases w/ increased CO2 from point A to B
60
What do you call it when molecules move from a high to low concentration?
endocytosis
passive transport
exotyosis
active transport
61
Cell is permeable to sucrose, glucose, and water but impermeable to starch. Which is correct?
Sucrose will diffuse into the “cell.”
Starch will diffuse out of the “cell.”
Glucose will diffuse into the “cell.”
There will be no net movement of glucose.
62
Nucleolus
Controls the sustances going inside and out of the cell
protein Synthesis
Packs/ships lipids to export for insertion into the membrane
Assembly of sub-units of ribosomes
63
What is the 2-word naming system that we currently use today to classify organisms called?
Binomial nomenclature
Binomial Notary
Binomial lectures
Nomenclature Binomics
64
Plant 2 produced asexually from Plant 1. Plant 1 has 56 chromosomes, how many chromosomes in 2?
28
112
14
56
65
Digestion of cellulose is done by cellulase and E.coli in your gut, what is this an example of?
Parasitism
Commensalisn
Muatualism
66
What is something this type of cell has in common with all other cells?
Ribosomes
A nucleus
Cell Wall
Membrane-Bound organelles
67
Drinking early in the first trimesters of pregnancy can be damaging because during this time..
many of the essential organs of the fetus are forming.
alcohol can easily enter the mouth of the fetus.
the lungs of the fetus become functional
the fetus cannot excrete wastes.
68
How does comparing the skeletons of these animals provide support for the theory of evolution?
shows possible chromosomal similarities
provides information about the organisms' habitats
provides information to determine the organisms' ages
shows possible common ancestry between
69
What does the phopholipid bilayer do for the cell?
creates a semi-permeable membrane
allows everything to get into the cell
creates solely a hydrophobic exterior
creates a hpydorphilic exterior and hydrophobic interior
70
Which biomolecule contains nitrogenous bases?
Protein
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
Carbohydrate
71
How many amino acids are coded for by this segment? 5' ATCAGCGCTGGC 3'
20
12
8
4
72
The original sequence was ACG and the new sequence is ACA. Will this change the phenotype?
yes, because any change will change the phenotype
It is impossible to determine
No, even though it changed it has the same A.A
yes, due to new A.A
73
There is an error in the DNA in which molecule?
segment 1 only
segment 2 & 4
segment 3 only
segment 2 & 3
74
What are you going to get on the EOC????
B
C
D
A
75
Which of the following describes why the Miller-Urey theory is widely accepted today?
Amino acids spontaneously form from molecules in the atmosph
Synthesizing organic molecules from mixture of gases in lab
Organic molecules are present today in extremely high #s
No other alternative hypotheses have been introduced
76
Which row in the chart below indicates the correct process for each event indicated?
Row 4
Row 2
Row 1
Row 3
77
Which process do the animals in the food web use to convert energy from food into ATP?
transcription
photosynthesis
cell respiration
osmosis
78
Which best describes the role of enzymes in a chemical reaction?
release unused energy
regulate product reactivity
absorb excess energy
increase the reaction rate
79
Hemophilia is sex-linked/recessive- Man w/ no hemophilia X Woman<<DAD HAS IT. Which is true?
Each of their sons will have hemophilia.
Their sons have a 25% chance of having hemophilia.
50% chance that their daughters will have hemophilia.
None of their daughters will have hemophilia.
80
Which of the following can be deduced from Graph I?
At noon, transpir exceeds the rate of H2O flow through stem.
max flow of H2O in stem lag behind the max rate of transpir
rate of transpiration is constant throughout this 24-hours
no correlation betwn the rate of transpir & the flow of H2O
81
What is the correct way to show the scientific name of a lion?
panthera Leo
panthera leo
Panthera Leo
Panthera leo
82
What is the name of the structures responsible for generating the spindle fibers?
Centrioles
Centromeres
Hot funky chocolates
Membranes
83
If 20% of a DNA sample is made up of thymine, T, what % of the sample is made up of cytosine,C?
50%
35%
30%
15%
84
What are the results of this process?
2 molecules that differ
2 of the same molecules
Mitotic diploid cells
One molcule that is half of the other
85
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
86
Both lipids and carbohydrates are important in animal cells because both –
Store Energy
Contain Nitrogen
Provide Insulation
Form Cell walls
87
What is the relationship between these three structures?
The cell is composed only of DNA and protein.
DNA controls the production of protein in the cell.
Protein is composed of DNA that is stored in the cell.
DNA is made up of proteins that are synthesized in the cell.
88
What function does ATP carry out in living things?
identifies DNA start sequences for transcription
aids in protein folding and coiling
used to capture and transfer energy
helps maintain the fluidity of cell membranes
89
At what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication occur and why?
before a cell divides, so that the DNA will fit into cells
during cell division, so that DNA will fit into the cells
after a cell divides, gives 2 cells a complete set of DNA
before a cell divides,provide 2 cells with full DNA
90
Homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Which correctly describes the process?
mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered
crossing-over in which alleles are exchanged
segregation of sister chromatid
condensation and segregation of alleles
91
Central Vacuole
Proteins synthesis
Modifies and packs lipids to ship out
only found in plant cells for storage of waste and water
ATP formation
92
Based on Graphs I and II above, which of the following is the best conclusion?
Decreases in leaf H20 poten. are caused by increas transpir.
Flow of H2O through the stem= no effect on leaf H20 potent
The increased rate of transpir. increased leaf H2O potent.
Leaf stomata are closed at 10 AM
93
Which of the following describes an event that results from mitosis but NOT meiosis?
four daughter cells that are produced from each parent cell
two stages of cell division
daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell
replication of cellular genetic material
94
Cell walls of fungi are composed of…
Glucose
Cellulose
Adipose
Chitin
95
Which of the following phases of mitosis is represented by the diagram?
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Prophase
96
Which statement can be inferred from the evolutionary tree?
Species 1 is most closely related to Species 8.
Species 3 is most closely related to Species 7.
Species 2 is most closely related to Species 3.
Species 5 is most closely related to Species 6.
97
What does Independent Assortment and Cross over do for your cells?
It creates more similar sex cells
It creates different cells by increasing variation
It makes it harder to reproduce cells
It makes the cells similar so you can identify them
98
This is a(n)
protein
Polypeptide chain
Ribosome
amino acid
99
Tall= dominant. Two heterozygous tall plants crossed, what % of offspring expected to be tall?
50%
100%
25%
75%
100
Observe # of producers, primary, secondary, & tertiary consumer, Which has the least amt of E?
Primary Consumer
Secondary Consumer
Tertiary Consumer
Producers
101
Which set of parents can most likely produce a child with type O blood?
parent with type AB blood X other parent with type A blood
parent homozygous type A X parent with homozygous type B
one parent heterozygous type A X other parent type O blood
parent with type AB blood X other parent with type O blood
102
In the Origin of Life Theory, which would need to occur 1st for life to evolve?
Synthesis of organic molecules
origin of genetic material
onset of photosynthesis
formation of the plasma membrane
103
This monomer builds a macromolecule that is responsible for..
catalyzing
storing energy
storing genetic information
composing the majority of the cell membrane
104
What could happen if the grasshoppers are killed off?
Shrew pop. will grow
Blackberry pop. will grow
Rabbit pop. will grow
Owl pop. will grow
105
“Cell” is permeable to water only & has 0.3M glucose and environ. has 0.1M glucose, whats true?
would be a net movement of water into the “cell.”
The “cell” will decrease in volume
would be a net movement of water out of the “cell.”
Glucose will enter the “cell.”
106
Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein?
The basic components of DNA are the same in human & bacteria
Bacterial & human cells contain the same kind of chromosomes
Bacterial cells contain the same organelles as human cells.
DNA replication in bacteria and humans is the same
107
Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram?
organisms are native to the same geographic areas
organisms belong to the same genus
organisms share a common ancestry.
organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults

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