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SW7002 Midterm Review Flashcards | StudBud
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SW7002 Midterm Review
SW7002 Midterm Review
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A fun way to study for our midterm. Good luck!
Flashcards
113 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
____________ helps develop a "smart" vagus.
temperament
sensitive caregiver
secure attachment
insecure attachment
2
___ proposes that changes in one area of the brain may cause interactions with other neurological systems unpredictably.
all of the above
nonlinear dynamic systems theory
complexity
chaos theory
3
There are 3 stages in Piaget's stages of cognitive development.
True
False
4
Infants must develop the capacity to self-regulate the following: temperature control, sleeping, eating, and eliminating
False
True
5
What is event history?
a singular experience of an individual over the life course
sequence of events, experiences, and transitions in a person's life
6
What does internal validity check for?
whether there is a cause-and-effect relationship between variables
the accuracy of the data collection methods used in the study
whether the results of a study can be generalized to other populations
the reliability of the instruments used to measure variables
7
What are the types of growth patterns?
vertical and horizontal
static and dynamic
linear and circular
cephalocaudal and proximodistal
8
At what age can children pass the False Beliefs test?
2
3
4
none of these
9
What is the MAIN tenant of Vygotsky's sociocultural perspective?
learning is social
learning is individual
learning is independent
learning is isolated
10
What is the role of play in early childhood?
all of the above
teaches cooperation and conflict resolution
develops motor skills
helps express feelings and build self-confidence
11
What impact did COVID-19 have on development?
cognitive challenges from disrupted routines and educational setbacks
language delays due to limited social interaction
increased vocabulary
improved school performance and development of social skills
12
Heterogeneity is an advantage of the LCP.
False
True
13
Assimilation is the process of changing one's existing mental schemas to incorporate new information and experiences.
False
True
14
What region is responsible for advanced functions like memory, language, and reasoning?
right hemisphere
cerebral cortex
left hemisphere
brain stem
15
Stranger anxiety, object permanence, and separation anxiety are examples of secondary circular reactions.
True
False
16
What are infants coping strategies for emotional regulation?
rocking and search for caregiver
turning head away, sucking hands/lips, closing eyes
yelling, crying, kicking
crying and screaming
17
What are the key factors of Bowlby's theory of attachment?
working model and transitional object
reciprocity and emotional regulation
trust, communication
secure, anxious, avoidant
18
Most newborns weigh 8 to 12 pounds at birth.
True
False
19
Cephalocaudal pattern of development describes growth that progresses from the center outward.
False
True
20
The period of overproduction of synapses is called _____________.
synaptogenesis
synaptic blooming
myelination
synaptic pruning
21
Which is NOT a type of turning point?
events that close or open opportunities
events that change a person’s self-concept, beliefs, or expectations
events that make a lasting change on the person’s environment
events that have no effect on the individual
22
Which is a strength of the LCP?
promotes greater attention to impact of historical and sociocultural change
provides conceptual framework for culturally sensitive practice
all of the above
shines light on intergenerational relationships and interdependence of life
23
What's the difference between a developmental delay and disability?
delays may be temporary; disabilities are lifelong impairments
disabilities may be temporary; delays are lifelong impairments
24
Transitions are embedded in ____________.
trajectories
turning points
cohorts
life events
25
Growth slows and children appear leaner in early childhood.
False
True
26
The False Beliefs test proves that children under 4 think everyone thinks the way they do.
True
False
27
What are the theories of moral development?
cognitive development approach
all of the above
psychodynamic approach
social learning approach
28
What stage of Piaget's stages of cognitive development describes infants?
sensorimotor
preoperational
formal operational
concrete operational
29
Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences included 7 intelligences.
False
True
30
What are some aspects of developmental niche?
all of the above
psychology of the caregivers
customs of childcare and child-rearing
physical and social settings of daily life
31
Early development involves ___________, where infants rely on caregivers for emotional and physical regulation.
co-regulation
self-regulation
none of these
attachment
32
Development of symbolic representation through play occurs during the intuitive stage.
False
True
33
Trajectories involve multiple transitions.
True
False
34
Moderators can change the direction, significance and strength of relationship between the DV and IV.
False
True
35
What two reflexes are key for breastfeeding?
moro and swimming
rooting and moro
rooting and sucking
Babinski and sucking
36
Define human agency.
relying on the universe to decide one's fate
the use of personal power to achieve one's goals
blaming everyone around you for your problems
expecting others to make change for you
37
In Piaget's conservation task, what does a child typically struggle to understand during the preoperational stage?
the understanding that objects can exist in multiple locations at once
the ability to perform mental calculations without visual aids
the ability to distinguish between real and imaginary objects
that quantity remains the same despite changes in appearance
38
What is egocentrism?
ability to understand that others have different perspectives and thoughts
cognitive process in which individuals focus on abstract thinking
difficulty understanding other perspectives
development of empathy and emotional understanding
39
What are the substages of the preoperational stage from Piaget?
preconceptual and intuitive
stranger anxiety, separation anxiety, object permanence
egocentrism and transduction reasoning
preconceptual, conceptual, and postconceptual
40
Play is crucial to development.
False
True
41
When children experience multiple forms of abuse or neglect simultaneously, this is called _________.
victim blaming
none of these
peer victimization
polyvictimization
42
Scaffolding allows the child to bridge the gap between the current level of knowledge and a cognitive task at hand.
False
True
43
Which psychosocial crisis occurs during infancy according to Erikson's theory?
initiative vs. guilt
autonomy vs. shame and doubt
industry vs. inferiority
trust vs. mistrust
44
Sam connects these two not necessarily related events because of _________________.
transductive reasoning
scaffolding
egocentrism
theory of mind
45
How many major themes does the LCP have?
6
7
2
4
46
Emotional intelligence during early childhood includes ____________.
reflection/connecting emotions to experiences
all of the above
building social competence/choosing appropriate actions
building emotional vocabulary/labeling emotions
47
What are Baumrind's parenting styles?
authoritarian, permissive, disengaged, secure
authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, disengaged
authoritarian, neglectful, permissive, disengaged
supportive, authoritative, permissive, disengaged
48
What is the primary intervention for developmental delays and disabilities?
community-based support programs
early detection
access to healthcare
reducing risk factors
49
The polyvagal theory has 3 stages.
False
True
50
This scenario is an example of __________
deferred imitation
classical conditioning
social learning theory
operant conditioning
51
Which is NOT a major theme of the LCP?
human agency in making choices
timing of lives
developmental niche
developmental risk and protection
52
What is a turning point?
a time when a major change occurs in the life course trajectory
defining moment
significant occurrence in a person's life with long-lasting effects
pattern of events, involving multiple transitions
53
The lifespan model of ethnicity proposes five dimensions: awareness, affiliation, attitudes, behaviors, knowledge.
False
True
54
How many stages are in Erikson's Psychosocial Development model?
3
8
4
5
55
By 3.5 years, children include emotions & attitudes in self-descriptions.
False
True
56
What are the forms of malnutrition?
iron deficiency, waterborne diseases, protein-energy malnutrition
undernutrition, overnutrition, and micronutrient deficiency
underweight, food allergies, obesity
stunting, wasting, overweight
57
Team play during middle childhood encourages cooperation, leadership, and shared goals.
True
False
58
Which is NOT an example of a life event?
divorce
getting gas
change in financial state
death of a spouse
59
What does the APGAR test measure?
a newborn's color, heart rate, reflexes, muscle tone, and respiration
a child's cognitive ability at birth
a baby's blood type and genetic traits
whether or not the baby has a disability
60
Which best describes peer relations in early childhood?
none of these
play partners
lasting relationships
classmates
61
What are the types of temperament?
nice, mean, in the middle
secure, anxious, avoidant
authoritarian, authoritative, permissive
easy, slow to warm, difficult
62
What is this an example of?
population pyramid
map
scale
cohort
63
What is the focus of moral reasoning during the preconventional stage?
justice and fairness
rewards and punishment
none of these
social acceptance
64
Which is NOT of a core value from the NASW Code of Ethics?
competency
trustworthiness
service
social justice
65
Motor skills develop faster than sensory abilities.
False
True
66
Baby boomers are an example of a ________.
cohort
group of old people
turning point
trajectory
67
Kangaroo care increases stress, anxiety, and postpartum depression.
False
True
68
What are Davidson and Begley's six emotional style dimensions?
empathy, aggression, resilience, self-regulation, curiosity, attention
stress, optimism, self-compassion, intuition, attention, awareness
impulsivity, reflection, resilience, anxiety, attention, positive outlook
resilience, outlook, social intuition, self-awareness, context, attention
69
The dorsal vagus regulates defensive reactions to stress by stimulating self-soothing and communication with others.
True
False
70
_______ ensures free, public education in the least restrictive environment
IEP
FMLA
IDEA
ADA
71
The right hemisphere of the brain processes language.
True
False
72
The cognitive framework shaping children’s understanding and expectations of gender is called __________.
gender schema
gender roles
gender representation
gender dysphoria
73
Spirituality is a good predictor of happiness in children.
False
True
74
What are some aspects of developmental risk and protection?
oppression
privilege
resilience
all of the above
75
Which is an example of an event that had cohort effects?
COVID-19
high school graduation
getting married
9/11
76
What is the second state of the polyvagal theory?
ventral vagus social interaction
none of these
sympathetic activation
dorsal vagal shutdown
77
Which of Erikson's stages is relevant in early childhood?
generativity vs. stagnation
trust vs. mistrust
initiative vs. guilt
autonomy vs. shame
78
Which parenting style do children respond the best to?
authoritarian
permissive
authoritative
disengaged
79
What is the key factor influencing temper tantrums?
independence
emotional intelligence
family environment
parenting style
80
At what age do signs of puberty begin?
11
12
9
10
81
How long does the critical period last for nutrition in infancy?
the first 100 days
the first 500 days
the first 30 days
the first 1,000 days
82
What is the life course perspective?
views individuals as part of interconnected systems
emphasizes how people understand the world through social interactions
how bio, psycho, and social factors act solo and together to shape lives
emphasizes that human behavior is shaped by interactions and social
83
What can environmental effects lead to?
immunity to diseases
enhanced social skills
increased intelligence
lower IQ and cognitive impairments
84
Children have a “natural spirituality” from birth, which evolves alongside cognitive growth.
False
True
85
Hearing is the least developed at birth.
True
False
86
The phenomenon of shared brain activity between human dynamic interactions is called _________________.
interbrain synchrony
classical conditioning
habituation
serve and return
87
Slower moving transitions can also serve as turning points.
False
True
88
What is a cohort?
people who experience social changes in a culture at the same age
a group of people born during the same time period
all of the above
us :)
89
______________ results in the increase of behavior.
negative reinforcement
negative punishment
positive reinforcement
positive punishment
90
What are the stages of Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
trust vs. mistrust, autonomy vs. shame, initiative vs. guilt
sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
preconventional, conventional, postconventional
reward-seeking, social conformity, ethical reasoning, universal principles
91
This is an illustration of the _____________________.
cognitive developmental theory
constructivist theories of learning
information processing theory
theory of memory
92
By age 5, the brain reaches _______ of adult size.
80%
50%
90%
75%
93
What stage of Freud's psychosexual development is prevalent during middle childhood?
latency
phallic
oral
anal
94
What are some things sex ratio can have an effect on?
family stability
crimes rates
all of the above
marriage rates
95
_____________ teaches shared moral and social values, like kindness, respect, honesty.
character education
self-confidence
social dominance
peer acceptance
96
What are the three models of agency?
personal, proxy, and collective
collective, proxy, and intrapersonal
personal, proxy, and interpersonal
interpersonal, intrapersonal, and personal
97
_____________ is the standardization in the timing of lives.
trajectories
cohort effects
age structuring
life event
98
Swimming, grasping, and walking/stepping are lifetime reflexes.
True
False
99
Stephen Porges created the polyvagal theory.
True
False
100
Language is processed in the right hemisphere of the brain for people with autism.
False
True
101
What experiment tests "Theory of Mind" in early childhood?
Little Albert experiment
still face experiment
bobo doll experiment
false-belief task
102
The Babinski reflex refers to startle response to loud noise or sudden movement.
True
False
103
Synaptogenesis is the creation of new neurons.
True
False
104
A score on the APGAR test below ___ requires immediate medical attention.
5
7
4
3
105
A child cleaning their room to avoid being nagged by their parents is an example of ____________________.
positive punishment
negative reinforcement
positive reinforcement
negative punishment
106
What are some of the main risk factors for infant and toddler development?
poverty, inadequate caregiving, child maltreatment and trauma
low parental education, inconsistent routines, and strong social support
secure attachment, access to healthcare, and high-quality daycare
parental warmth, stable family environment, and healthy nutrition
107
How long after birth is the APGAR test given?
1 and 7 minutes
5 and 10 minutes
1 and 3 minutes
1 and 5 minutes
108
___ million cases of child maltreatment were reported to Child Protective Services in 2021.
17
4
10
1
109
What is phase 2 of a tantrum?
physical actions
crying and whining
screaming and yelling
calming down
110
What are the MAIN milestones of the sensorimotor stage from Piaget?
stranger anxiety, object permanence, and separation anxiety
development of empathy and understanding of abstract concepts
emergence of symbolic thinking and ability to perform logical operations
understanding of conservation and development of mental representations
111
What are the basic concepts of the LCP?
cohort, path, direction, transformation
birth rates, death rates, and fertility structure
twists, turns, ups, downs
cohort, transition, trajectory, life event, turning point
112
Sex ratio refers to the number of males per 100 females.
False
True
113
Vocal play, interactive play, exploratory play with objects, and baby games are all examples of toddler play.
False
True
