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World History Final Exam Review
World History Final Exam Review
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1
The ____ was crucial toBritain’s Industrial Revolution.
bicycle
steam engine
water-powered loom
flying shuttle
2
Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire becameknown as
the League of Nations
the Central Powers.
the Eastern Powers.
the Allied Powers.
3
When the
Einsatzgruppen
proved to be too slow for the Nazis, they
invaded England.
gave up and focused their attention on the Soviet front.
tried to speed them upusing zeppelins.
built special exterminationcamps in Poland.
4
Louis XVI was forced to acceptthe National Assembly’s decrees because
the army turned against himand threatened to execute him.
his attempt to escape toPoland had failed.
armed Parisianwomen descended on palace captured him&family
only way hewould be allowed to remain mayor of Paris.
5
According to the CivilConstitution of the Clergy,
the Church was to beseparate from the government.
bishops & priests were tobe elected by people&paid by state
Methodist Church was toreplace Catholicism as state religion
the Church was to take overthe Legislative Assembly.
6
sans-culottes
,meaning “without breeches,” implied that the members of this political groupwere
pacifists who did not useguns.
ordinary patriots withoutfine clothes.
women, because they woreskirts.
very poor and could notafford pants.
7
Which nation declinedeconomically after World War II?
West Germany
France
Great Britain
United States
8
____ was a literary andvisual arts movement that rejected romanticism.
Evolutionism
Nationalism
Secularism
Realism
9
a colony run by __ removed locals from power & replaced with officials from the mother country
colonial rule
divine rule
direct rule
Queensbury rule
10
Hitler demanded, and wasgiven, what area in northwestern Czechoslovakia?
Slovakia
Serbia
Sudetenland
Danzig
11
Promotion within Napoleon’s new bureaucracy was
based on ability only, notrank or birth.
based on height.
designed to benefit thenobility
given 2 those Napoleonfavored but taken away if out of favor
12
The ConstitutionalConvention began as
meeting to draft a declaration of independence from Britain
a plan to divide the thirteen colonies into states
meeting of delegates torevise the Articles of Confederation
a vote by thenew Congress to adopt amendments
13
At the Tehran Conference,Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill agreed
end League ofNations mandates over Middle Eastern countries
to defeat Germany and thenunite against China.
to establish a League ofNations organization after the war.
to a partition of postwarGermany.
14
The Committee of PublicSafety was given broad powers to
restore order to Brussels.
drain all the canals.
protect the Paris Communefrom thieves.
defend France from threats.
15
Adam Smith believed in laissez-faire, by which he meant that
the state should monitorthe economy and impose regulations
the assets of the richshould be taken.
the state should notregulate the economy.
those who are able to workshould support those who cannot
16
Who proposed the germtheory of disease?
Charles Darwin
Louis Pasteur
Farhid Molotof
Michael Faraday
17
____ was the first to argue that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe.
Johannes Kepler
Ptolemy
Martin Luther
Nicholas Copernicus
18
The three major parts ofNapoleon’s Grand Empire were
Austria, Prussia, andSerbia.
the First Estate, theSecond Estate, and the Third Estate.
France, Morocco, andAlgeria.
French Empire, thedependent states, and the allied states.
19
The ____ was the period ofpolitical tension following World War II.
Cold War
Yalta Era
Iron Curtain
Potsdam Period
20
As a result of the Treatyof Paris in 1763,
France gained control ofGreat Britain’s holdings in India
Austriawas able to win France as an ally.
Austria regained control ofSilesia from Prussia.
Great Britain gainedcontrol of India and North America
21
In his final battle,Napoleon was defeated by
the bitter Russian winter.
the superior British navy.
a combined French and Swissarmy.
the Duke of Wellington.
22
Galileo’s observations seemed to indicate that
Copernicus&Kepler werewrong in their beliefs about the moon
the Catholic Church’sbeliefs about the heavens were correct.
heavenly bodies werecomposed of material substance likeearth
Plato was correct about theway the planets were arranged.
23
Who has been rightly called the father of modernrationalism?
Francis Bacon
Robert Boyle
Chaucer
René Descartes
24
The “Mukden incident,” which Japan used as an excuse to seize Manchuria,was
the accidental sinking ofthe Mongolian merchant ship Mukden
strike by Chineseworkers in a Japanese factory in Mukden.
Japanese soldiers attacked own railway disguised as Chinese
the murder of a Japanesesoldier in Mukden.
25
became thespokesperson for a new world order based on democracy and internationalcooperation
Georges Clemenceau
Woodrow Wilson
Rosa Luxemburg
Karl Liebknecht
26
The Warsaw Pact sought to
create a plan for thereduction of nuclear weapons in Europe.
create military alliance b/w Soviets &Eastern Europe nations
prevent Soviet expansioninto Poland and Denmark.
provide economic assistanceto Polish Jews after World War II
27
Neville Chamberlain boastedthat the Munich Conference meant
Germany and Russia wereallies.
“safety for MotherEngland.”
“peace for our time.”
Great Britain had madeGermany back down.
28
The “Bay of Pigs” refers to
Soviet Union’s attemptto install nuclear weapons in Haiti.
a U.S. attempt to overthrowthe Cuban government.
the Soviet Union’s invasionof Hungary.
Russian city where European nations met to form CENTO
29
policy toward Germany-belief that satisfaction of reasonabledemands would keep peace in Europe
firm resistance
Anschluss
detente
appeasement
30
Truman Doctrine statedthat US would provide ____ to nations threatened by Communist expansion
communications technology
jeeps
money
political support in theUnited Nations
31
The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, founded in1949, was
to provide support 2 African nations post Asian control
United Nations initiative 2 provide books 2 war-torn nations
the Soviet Union’s responseto the Marshall Plan.
effort by US & G.B. 2 rebuild economy & industry of France
32
____ is the belief that people should be as free as possible fromgovernment restraints.
Nationalism
Liberalism
Monoculturalism
Industrial capitalism
33
The Declaration of theRights of Man and the Citizen proclaimed
equal rights 4 allcitizens including political rights 4women
an end to the Nationalpolice force.
end 2 the monarchy andthe abolishing of a National Assembly.
equal rights for all men,but no political rights for women.
34
Napoleon’s coup d’étatoverthrew the ____ to establish his consulate.
Directory
city mayor
British government
Legislative Assembly
35
In 1914, ____ wasconsidered an act of war.
ending diplomatic relations
breaking a militaryalliance
assassination of a member of royalty
mobilization of a nation’sarmy
36
When the Soviet Unionlaunched the
Sputnik I
satellite in 1957, many Americans feared that
Soviets would become first nation 2 place astronauts on Mars
Soviets were aheadof US in production of missiles
Soviets could steal secrets from US businesses w/ satelites
Soviets could now use satellites to bomb the United States.
37
The most important of theseven legal codes established by Napoleon was
the Food Code.
the Merchant Code.
the Religious Code.
the Civil Code.
38
What caused the UnitedStates to join the Allies in fighting World War I?
the United States’s fear ofthe Austro-Hungarian powers
the Germans’ use ofunrestricted submarine warfare
the German embargo ongasoline
the sinking of the Titanic
39
John Locke’s ideas suggestthat people were
molded by theirexperiences.
naturally inclined to bestupid.
born either good or evil.
inherently self-centered.
40
Otto von Bismarck practiced realpolitik, which was
theory-politics basedon practical matters not theory/ethics
study of governments of other nations, both past and present
the view that militarymight equaled political might.
a belief that animals havepolitical rights.
41
At the Yalta Conference, the Allies agreed to
allow free elections in Africa.
establishment of United Nations organization after the war.
military treaty pledging support to each other
resolve all futuredisagreements peacefully
42
On December 7, 1941, theJapanese
attacked the British colonyon the Bataan Peninsula.
launched a full-scaleinvasion of Southern China.
invaded Alaska.
launched surprise attackon US Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor
43
The Russians defeated Napoleon’s superior Grand Army by
waiting to attack duringthe brutal Russian winter.
making an alliance withEgypt to draw Napoleon out of Russia
splitting their meagerforces in 1/2 & attacking from 2 sides
retreating 100s ofmiles burning their villages & countryside
44
The Treaty of Versailleswas
forced Austria 2 give some of its land 2 new state of Poland
defensive alliance between Great Britain, France & US.
treaty signed withGermany that many Germans felt was harsh
a peace settlement with the defeated nations.
45
The effect of the Crimean War was to
force the Estonian economyin2 a decline that lasted 20 years
strengthen the Concert ofEurope with the addition of France.
strengthen the Concert ofEurope with the addition of France.
destroy the gold fields inthe Crimea.
46
slaughter of Europeancivilians, particularly European Jews, by the Nazis became known as what?
the Holocaust
the Vast Massacre
the Cold War
the Great Atrocity
47
The Western Front wascharacterized by
trench warfare keptboth sides in virtually the same position
the slow but steady advanceof the German army.
innovative tactics new technologies available to both armies
decisive victories by theFrench quickly driving back Germans
48
the principle of intervention gave the great powers ofEurope the right 2 (post revolution)
take one another’sterritories without asking.
send armies into countries 2 restore legitimate monarchs
borrow food from oneanother in times of economic crisis
representatives w/ voting privileges in another’s government
49
Under the leadership of____, the Bolsheviks became a party dedicated to violent revolution.
Alexander Kerensky
Alexandra Romanov
Grigori Rasputin
V. I. Lenin
50
What was the name of thegroup that conspired to assassinate Archduke Francis Ferdinand?
the Bosnian Militia
the Serbian People’s Front
the Red Band
the Black Hand
51
Isaac Newton’s universallaw of gravitation
refuted Galileo Galilei’stheory of universal movement.
was denounced by Anglican Church as the work of the Devil.
showed how one law couldexplain all motion in the universe.
was laughed at by Galileo,Kepler, and Copernicus.
52
____ was the brutal head ofthe Committee of Public Safety.
Victor Hugo
Maximilien Robespierre
Jean-Paul Marat
Jean Valjean
53
After the opening of theSuez Canal in 1869, Britain
removed all troops fromEgypt.
seized Morocco and Tunisia.
took an active interest inEgypt.
sold its share in the canalto France.
54
Communist leader__initiated Prague Spring” with a series of reforms in Czechoslovakia in1968
Nikita Khrushchev
Alexander Dubcek
Joseph Stalin
Wladyslaw Gomulka
55
Two days after Hitler’sinvasion of ____, Britain and France declared war on Germany.
France
Slovakia
Austria
Poland
56
The French NationalAssembly swore the Tennis Court Oath, which was
vow 2 continue 2 meetuntil they had produced a constitution
promise not to rest untilall members of the clergy executed.
oath of loyalty to JeanValjean, an outspoken lawyer
a promise to destroy all ofthe nation’s tennis bracelets.
57
World War I was a ____, meaning that it involved a completemobilization of resources and people
total war
mobile conflict
trench war
modern conflict
58
The U.S. senatorresponsible for the anti-Communist movement known as the “Red Scare” was
Lester Pearson.
Joseph McCarthy.
Barry Goldwater.
Earl Warren.
59
US fears about the spread of communism were increased when ____ became Communist nation in 1949
China
East Germany
South Korea
Yugoslavia
60
All of the following powershad colonies in West Africa by 1900, EXCEPT
United States
Great Britain.
France
Germany
61
Under the Constitution of1791, the ____ would make the laws.
Legislative Assembly
king
National Assembly
House of Commons
62
The factory created a newlabor system in which
workers had 2 work regularhours &do the same work over &over
machines were valued morehighly than the men who ran them.
products were produced byan assembly line of workers
workers had periods of hectic work, followed by inactivity
63
The social change brought about by the Industrial Revolution wasevident in the
widespread famines causedby families abandoning their farms.
thick air pollution thatchoked the British Isles.
growing death rates, due toaccidents on the highways.
emergence of the middleclass and the working class.
64
Which of France’s estates was NOT exempt from the
taille
?
the Fourth Estate (middleclass)
the Third Estate(commoners)
the First Estate (clergy)
the Second Estate(nobility)
65
The Schlieffen Plan was
Austria-Hungary’s attempt 2 negotiate a settlement w/ Serbia
Germany’s plan for 2-front war w/ Russia & France (allies)
Black Hand’s plan to assassinate heir 2 Austria-Hun throne
Germany’s proposal fordividing up Serbia b/w Russia & A-H
66
To Darwin, ____ was centralto organic evolution.
organic selection
genetic engineering
natural selection
natural production
67
The Berlin Wall was built inorder to
prevent food from enteringPoland.
prevent the smuggling ofarms to anti-Soviet forces.
prevent East Germans fromdefecting to West Germany.
stop the flow of suppliesfrom West Germany to West Berlin.
68
What was the turning point of the war in the Pacific?
the Battle of Midway Island
the Battle of Dunkirk
the Battle of Iwo Jima
the Battle of Coral Sea
69
The Marshall Plan wasdesigned to
make nations stronger than nations under Soviet control
develop comprehensive strategy for defense of Canada
prevent Soviet involvementin Angola.
restore economicstability of European nations after WWII
70
In an attempt to end Russia’s involvement in the war, Lenin
signed Treaty ofBrest-Litovsk & lost much Russian territory
united the soviets underthe Bolshevik party.
seized the Winter Palaceand overthrew the Russian government
called a strikethat shut down all factories in Petrograd
71
____, the aggressivepreparation for war, was growing along with nations’ armies.
Militarism
Warmongering
Conscription
Mobilization
72
production of ____ wasone of the first industries to be affected by the Industrial Revolution.
cotton cloth
toys
furniture
automobiles