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Final Adult Health Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Final Adult Health Review
Final Adult Health Review
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1
RN is assessing a pt in traction for venous thromboembolism (VTE). What s/s is suggestive of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Increased warmth of the calf
Pale-appearing calf
Decreased circumference of the calf
Loss of sensation to the calf
2
____ insulin is given 15 minutes before a meal.
rapid acting insulin
short acting insulin
basal (long) acting insulin
intermediate acting
3
Pt is at risk for atelectasis. What is an example of a first-line measure to minimize atelectasis?
CPAP
Incentive spirometry
Turn and reposition q2 hr
Bronchoscopy
4
Which type of seizure involves loss of consciousness and rhythmic jerking movements?
Focal seizure
Absence seizure
Tonic-clonic seizure
Myoclonic seizure
5
RN is caring for a pt dx w/ pneumonia. The RN assess increased SOB d/t copious secretions. What should be encouraged?
Eat a high protein diet
Increase oral fluids unless contraindicated.
Lie in a low Fowler or supine position
Call the nurse for pain medication
6
Which of the following is a general nutrition recommendation for a patient undergoing cancer treatment?
Avoid avoid fats
Lose weight
Consume consistent carbohydrates
Increase nutritional intake
7
What is the key nursing intervention for a patient with expressive aphasia after a stroke?
Use only written communication
Speak loudly to the patient
Provide a communication board or pictures
Encourage the use of sign language
8
A patient s/p hip surgery is on bedrest for 24 hours to prevent injury.
False
True
9
Which patient is most likely to have hypoglycemia?
A client who took insulin before eating breakast
a client who is nauseous and vomiting uncontrollably for 24 hours.
a client who does not have a regular exercise routine
A client with a routine eating schedule
10
A pt has recently been dx with pleural effusions. Which education topic should the nurse prioritize?
Techniques for reducing blood pressure
Recognizing signs of worsening respiratory distress
Prompt administration of corticosteroids
High-calorie dietary choices
11
A pt w/ hypovolemia has low cardiac output, contributing to ineffective tissue perfusion. The decrease in CO occurs bcuz
An increase in cardiac preload
An increase in stroke volume
A decrease in cardiac contractility
A decrease in cardiac preload
12
You have given your patient Morphine sulfate 2mg PO for pain at 0800. When will you reassess for pain level?
Between 8:15 and 8:30
5 min before the next pain med
at 10:00 AM
Between 8:30 and 9:00 am
13
Which of the following is a characteristic of Type 2 Diabetes?
Insulin deficency from malnutrition
Lack of insulin production
Insulin resistance
Frequest episodes of hypoglycemia
14
Which of the following should be monitored closely in the immediate post-stroke period?
Vital signs and neurological status
Blood glucose levels
Hemoglobin levels
Urine output
15
Which intravenous fluid is commonly used for fluid resuscitation in hypovolemia?
3% Saline
0.45% Normal saline
Normal saline (0.9% NaCl)
Dextrose 5% in water (D5W)
16
Which of the following is a common symptom of hypertensive crisis?
Chest pain
Nausea
Blurred vision
Bradycardia
17
A client with hepatic encephalopathy is admitted to the medical floor. The nurse should prioritize what assessments?
Level of consciousness and ammonia levels
Blood pressure
Lung sounds and oxygen saturation
Daily weights and abdominal girth measurement
18
What is a pleural effusion?
Air trapped in the pleural space
Infection of the lung tissue
Fluid accumulation between the layers of the pleura
Collapse of the alveoli
19
A pt presents w/ a BP of 220/120 mmHg and reports a severe HA + blurred vision. What is the nurse’s priority action?
Monitor blood pressure every 15 minutes
Place the patient in Trendelenburg position
Encourage the patient to ambulate
Administer an IV antihypertensive medication as prescribed
20
A patient with ulcerative colitis likely has blood in their stool
True
False
21
Which patient is most at risk for hypermagnesium electrolye
Pt with crohns disease
A patient with flu like symptoms
A patient with liver failure
A patient who goes to hemodialysis 3 times per week
22
Polydipsia is defined as
excessive hunger
excessive eating
exessive thirst
increased urination
23
In contrast to large bowel obstruction (LBO), the patient with a small bowel obstruction (SBO)
pain improves with vomitting
pain in continuous
bile is feculent
pain is diffuse in the abdomen
24
Which condition is associated with low magnesium levels?
Hyper-reflexes
All of the above
Torsades de pointes
Muscle cramps
25
The hospice nurse has just admitted a new client to the program. What principle guides hospice care?
Care addresses the needs of the client as well as the needs of the family.
Care is focused on the physical needs not emotional.
Care is focused only on the family needs.
The focus of all aspects of care is solely on the client.
26
Which is not included for treatment for a patient with pneumonia?
Antibiotic therapy
Antiviral therapy
Chest XRAY
2L NC O2 PRN
27
Which type of stroke occurs due to a blockage of blood flow to the brain?
Transient ischemic attack
Ischemic stroke
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Hemorrhagic stroke
28
a modifiable risk factor for HTN includes:
African American
Family History of HTN
Sedentary lifestife
Diabetes
29
A pt is still having pain 1 year s/p Femur Fracture Open Reduction and Internal Fixation. The nurse is more conerned for
Complex regional pain syndrome
Compartment syndrome
Fat embolism
Systemic infection
30
RN is caring for a pt w/ a large venous leg ulcer. What intervention will promote healing and prevent infection?
Limit mobility to prevent further damage
Abstain from wearing graduated compression stockings.
Keep the leg in a dependent position
Provide a high-calorie, high-protein diet.
31
RN is caring for a patient with cirrhosis which of the following nursing diagnosis would be the priority concern.
Imbalanced nutrition r/t abdominal distention, discomfort and anorexia
Activity intolerance r/t fatigue, lethargy and malaise
Risk for injury r/t altered clotting and level of consciousness
Impaired skin integrity r/t pruritus from jaundice and edema
32
What is a classic symptom of meningitis?
Yellowing of the skin
Nuchal rigidity
Visual distrubances
Tachycardia
33
RN is creating a education plan for a pt w/ peripheral vascular dx (PVD). Which info should the nurse include?
Refrain from using graduated compression stockings.
Limit activities, including walking.
Avoid normal stockings that are tight.
Sleep with legs below heart level.
34
Which statement by a patient with PAD indicates the need for further teaching?
"I will stop smoking to help my circulation."
"I will check my feet daily for any wounds."
"I should avoid crossing my legs when sitting."
"I should wear compression stockings every day."
35
What does a decreasing viral load indicate in a patient with HIV?
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is effectively suppressing the virus
The infection is progressing
The patient is developing resistance to therapy
The patient’s immune system is weakening
36
after fracture, rn is unable to palpate the dorsalis pedis pulse & the foot is pale. What is the RNs priortity concern?
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
Fat embolism syndrome (FES)
Avascular necrosis of bone (AVN)
Compartment Syndrome
37
Nitroglycerin is given for which cardiac dysfunction?
HTN
heart failure
angina
38
RN caring for a pt w/ chronic pain feels current pharmacologic methods have been ineffective. Which could be considered?
pt needs to increase exercise significantly to create distraction to pain
pt may benefit from new pain meds that are available in other countries
The client may benefit from a multimodal approach to pain management.
Pt needs to relocate to longterm care to have ADLS met
39
What is the primary treatment for a pneumothorax?
Inhaled corticosteroids
Chest tube insertion
Oral antibiotics
Mechanical ventilation
40
Which of the following is true regarding altering the Na+ electrolyte?
Na+ cant be corrected quickly because of fluid shifts in the brain
Na+ corrections should always be done with PO administration
Na+ should be corrected rapidly to prevent cardiac arrhythmias.
41
What is the most common type of kidney stone?
Calcium oxalate
Struvite
Uric acid
Cystine
42
pt is taken to the OR to for a right hip replacement. In the PACU, what education should the nurse emphasize?
“Try to avoid bending your knees until next week.”
“Make sure you don't bring your knees close together.”
“Keep your legs higher than your chest whenever you can.”
“Try to lie as still as possible for the first few days.”
43
Which diagnostic test is used to confirm meningitis?
Lumbar Puncture
CT Scan
Blood work
MRI
44
Your patient has a BP of 142/94 on repeated tests. How would you classify this?
Stage 2 HTN
Elevated HTN
HTN crisis
Stage 3 HTN
45
Heart failure is a cause of hypovolemia (fluid volume deficit)
False
True
46
A Glasgow Coma Scale score of 3 indicates:
Mild brain injury
Severe brain injury
Coma
Moderate brain injury
47
A wound on the lower extremities with a punched out appearance is called
stage 2 pressure injury
deep tissue injury
arterial ulcer
venous ulcer
48
A patient with Type 1 Diabetes reports feeling dizzy, the BGM is 50. What should the nurse do first?
give the patient dextrose
Give the patient some orange juice
Give the patient's morning dose of insulin
Check the patient's blood pressure
49
Which therapy is recommended in the early rehabilitation phase for stroke recovery?
Physical therapy
Occupational therapy
All of the above
Speech therapy
50
89 y.o experienced a fracture after a fall. The pt is receiving an opioids. What should conisder for this patient?
Assess for an increase in absorption of the drug.
Administer higher doses of opioids to relieve pain.
Monitor for a paradoxical increase in pain.
Monitor for signs of drug toxicity.
51
Which disease is associated with an increased risk of pulmonary embolism?
Hypertension
Tuberculosis
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
Asthma
52
Which of the following is not a typical trigger for seizures?
sleep deprivation
bright lights
increased fluid intake
stress
