The Bill of Rights was written to

safeguard freedoms such as press, speech, and assembly

What did Jackson’s veto of the Maysville Road Bill demonstrate?

belief that federal government should avoid funding purely local projects

The primary objective of the Ku Klux Klan was

oppressing Blacks and White Republicans.

Why was the First Battle of Bull Run significant?

showed that the war was not going to be won with a single battle

Which of the following is true of Herbert Spencer?

He coined the phrase “survival of the fittest.”

Which of the following did Frederick Jackson Turner argue in his “frontier thesis”?

US culture developed from ways the frontier shaped those who lived there

Which of the following statements is true of Southern free Blacks?

had more rights than slaves, but still anything but free

The election of 1824 was considered a “corrupt bargain” based on which of the following beliefs?

Clay supported election of J. Q. Adams in return for secretary of state

One of the most remembered aspects of the British assault on Baltimore was

inspiration for what would become the national anthem

Which of the following statements is true of the "plain white folk"?

They owned few, if any, slaves, but they still supported the slave system

Which of the following was associated with the Second Great Awakening?

popularity of camp meetings as a social outlet for isolated rural people

Which of the following stimulated the growth of the Market economy?

development of faster and more efficient transportation & communication

What event ultimately eradicated slavery in the United States?

passage of the Thirteenth Amendment

Why was Nathaniel Bacon enraged by Governor Sir William Berkeley?

Berkeley refused to punish Native Americans for raiding White settlements

What was the result of the 800-mile journey known as the Trail of Tears?

death of thousands of Indians who made the journey

What were so-called bonanza farms that spread across the country during the second half of the nineteenth century?

corporate-owned farms that were run like factories

The treaty with Britain that ended the Revolutionary War

recognized American independence & established boundaries of the US

The idea of “manifest destiny” claimed that

God sanctioned American expansion westward across the continent

Which of the following concepts was the basis of mercantilism?

government should attempt to maintain tight regulations for trade balance

What argument did Hamilton use in his debate with Jefferson over the National Bank’s constitutionality?

used the doctrine of implied powers

Columbus succeeded in

inspiring subsequent European explorations

Which of the following statements about the 1765 Stamp Act is accurate?

required revenue stamps on legal documents

Trusts, like Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Trust, were vulnerable because they

generated intense criticism and politicians made them illegal

What did Jackson attempt to censor in 1836?

anti-slavery pamphlets and newspapers mailed to southern whites

Which of the following was a task of the Freedmen’s Bureau?

providing formerly enslaved African Americans with education

Which of the following is characteristic of the Mississippian Indian culture?

elaborate burial mounds and towns built around plazas and temples

Which of the following did the delegates at the Hartford Convention do?

They proposed a series of amendments to limit Republican party influence

How did the Lewis and Clark expedition benefit the U.S. government?

Their detailed maps enabled government to claim Oregon Country

What was the result of the Fourteenth Amendment?

guaranteed citizenship to freedmen and immigrant children born in the US

Which of the following statements accurately describes the Bank of the United States?

It would provide regulation of national currency

Which of the following statements accurately describes Thomas Jefferson’s draft of the Declaration of Independence?

objections to British actions & expressed self-evidence of natural rights

Why do historians reject argument that Civil War began primarily as a Southern fight to defend liberty?

Southern leaders cited protection of slavery as justification for secession

Why did the American Temperance Union lose many moderate members in 1836?

They called for total abstinence from all alcoholic beverages

Which of the following statements accurately describes the United States between 1815 and 1850?

evolved into a transcontinental power

Which of the following was true of New England culture in the seventeenth century?

Religion governed New England more than the middle and southern colonies

Many southern leaders called for a New South characterized by

industrializing economy & social relations rooted in white supremacy

Which of the following is true of Madison’s Virginia Plan?

It proposed a two-house Congress

Which of the following defined the headright system?

gave fifty acres of land to anyone who would transport himself to colony

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US Adv H FINAL

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Questions 90

Answers

1
In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Marshall court struck down that state’s ability to tax
the national bank
income
farmers
imports
2
The Bill of Rights was written to
ensure that critics of Constitution could be arrested & expelled from US
create a national bank, initially under the control of Alexander Hamilton
safeguard freedoms such as press, speech, and assembly
Exclude immigrants and women from voting
3
What did Jackson’s veto of the Maysville Road Bill demonstrate?
lack of interest in western economic development
belief that federal government should avoid funding purely local projects
tremendous respect for the political abilities of Henry Clay
initial support for John C. Calhoun’s state policies
4
The primary objective of the Ku Klux Klan was
upholding southern honor.
starting a new civil war.
oppressing Blacks and White Republicans.
national unity.
5
Which area of the United States was the last to adopt the public education system?
South
North
Midwest
New England
6
Which early culture in Middle America began developing large cities?
Pueblo
Incan
Aztec
Mayan
7
Why was the First Battle of Bull Run significant?
revealed that Lincoln’s weakness was his inability to acknowledge mistakes
caused both sides to realize that they were not willing to fight a real war
showed that the war was not going to be won with a single battle
led to a greater number of Native Americans joining the Union war effort
8
Which of the following is true of Herbert Spencer?
believed evolutionary processes were separate from human social institution
He disagreed with the idea of a laissez-faire government.
philanthropist who helped transform New York City into a welfare state.
He coined the phrase “survival of the fittest.”
9
Sears, Roebuck and Company was a pioneer in
providing electric power for New York City.
selling goods by mail order.
opening a chain of grocery stores across the United States.
incorporating far more middlemen in the retail process.
10
Which of the following did Frederick Jackson Turner argue in his “frontier thesis”?
US culture developed from ways the frontier shaped those who lived there
Western settlement had essentially been one great failure
US frontier was just a myth & people of the nation own all land communally
nation needed a new frontier to explore and should seek an overseas empire
11
Which of the following statements is true of Southern free Blacks?
had more rights than slaves, but still anything but free
unable to enter into contracts, marry, or own property
forbidden from becoming skilled laborers
tended to become slaveholders themselves
12
The election of 1824 was considered a “corrupt bargain” based on which of the following beliefs?
Jackson promised to make Calhoun his vice president in exchange for votes
votes for John Q. Adams in western states were purchased by Henry Clay
Clay supported election of J. Q. Adams in return for secretary of state
several people switched votes from Jackson to Adams in return for jobs
13
One of the most remembered aspects of the British assault on Baltimore was
length of the siege that followed
inspiration for what would become the national anthem
large number of civilian casualties
complete destruction of Fort McHenry
14
Which of the following statements is true of the "plain white folk"?
Owning no slaves themselves, they were all opposed to slavery
They owned few, if any, slaves, but they still supported the slave system
They were well educated and lived near the many small towns in the South
They owned most of the slaves, averaging about twenty each
15
Who developed the first alternating current electric system?
Westinghouse
Carnegie
Edison
Bell
16
Which of the following was associated with the Second Great Awakening?
declining literacy rates due to the lack of printing technologies
growing appeal of Catholicism due to its revolutionary aid to the poor
popularity of camp meetings as a social outlet for isolated rural people
belief that only a small minority could attain salvation
17
Which of the following stimulated the growth of the Market economy?
development of faster and more efficient transportation & communication
growing power of the federal government in economical development
increased supply of workers in the United States due to immigration
expansion of the land territory of the United States
18
What event ultimately eradicated slavery in the United States?
passage of the Thirteenth Amendment
second, briefer war between North and South
Lee’s surrender to Union forces
postwar treaty brokered by Great Britain
19
Why was Nathaniel Bacon enraged by Governor Sir William Berkeley?
Berkeley opposed economic dominance & political influence of large planters
Berkeley represented the common man in Virginia
Berkeley led a revolt of the poor against the well-connected and wealthy
Berkeley refused to punish Native Americans for raiding White settlements
20
What was the result of the 800-mile journey known as the Trail of Tears?
Jackson’s change of heart about Indian removal
nostalgic but uneventful transfer of Indians to Oklahoma
death of thousands of Indians who made the journey
complete eradication of the Creeks and Seminoles
21
What were so-called bonanza farms that spread across the country during the second half of the nineteenth century?
farms with large deposits of oil on them
farms that were fertilized using new chemical compounds
socialist farming collectives established in unorganized western areas
corporate-owned farms that were run like factories
22
The treaty with Britain that ended the Revolutionary War
gave FL to the US and was remarkably clear in settling the northern borders
gave America a claim to Newfoundland & created new alliances with the Dutch
protected rights of Loyalists but prevented them from fleeing after the war
recognized American independence & established boundaries of the US
23
The idea of “manifest destiny” claimed that
slavery was the result of divine intervention
God sanctioned American expansion westward across the continent
immediate war against the British would revitalize the American state
joint occupation of North America would “civilize” the continent
24
Which of the following concepts was the basis of mercantilism?
relations between merchants & Native Americans would avoid future conflicts
encouraging colonists to trade amongst selves for best economic outcomes
government should attempt to maintain tight regulations for trade balance
A hands-off approach to colonial development would lead to economic growth
25
What argument did Hamilton use in his debate with Jefferson over the National Bank’s constitutionality?
used the doctrine of implied powers
emphasized the Tenth Amendment
emphasized states’ rights
strictly interpreted the Constitution
26
Columbus succeeded in
finding rich sources of rubies and diamonds
proving the world was round
inspiring subsequent European explorations
finding a water route to Asia
27
Which of the following statements about the 1765 Stamp Act is accurate?
soothed American fears of standing armies
required revenue stamps on legal documents
colonial assemblies approved it
directly affected only a few Americans
28
Trusts, like Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Trust, were vulnerable because they
quickly became bloated and inefficient once they attained monopolies
paid their various subsidiaries enormous and unjustified profits
were forced to spend great sums of their money on philanthropic endeavors
generated intense criticism and politicians made them illegal
29
What did Jackson attempt to censor in 1836?
anti-slavery pamphlets and newspapers mailed to southern whites
speculator reports of new lands for purchases in the western states
Calhoun’s attempt to stop nullification
congressional records of the Eaton affair
30
Which of the following was a task of the Freedmen’s Bureau?
arming formerly enslaved African Americans as a means of protection
providing formerly enslaved African Americans with education
resettling most formerly enslaved African Americans in northern states
prosecuting former Confederate leaders for war crimes
31
Which of the following is characteristic of the Mississippian Indian culture?
elaborate burial mounds and towns built around plazas and temples
reliance on the fur trade rather than on agriculture
matrilineal societies and the spread of the Muskogean language
cliff dwellings and widespread use of irrigation
32
The Missouri Compromise stipulated that north of 36° 30´ in the Louisiana Purchase,
slaves would become free at age twenty-five
majority rule would determine whether slavery would be legal
slavery would be excluded
there would be no restrictions on slavery
33
Which of the following did the delegates at the Hartford Convention do?
They denounced New England merchants who traded with British during the war
They voted to join the Republican party
They proposed a series of amendments to limit Republican party influence
They voted to secede from the Union
34
During the antebellum period, the South’s economic and social system of race-based slavery was known as the
peculiar institution
cotton kingdom
Lowell system
capitalist system
35
The largest slave revolt in American history occurred in 1811 and is known as the
Nat Turner Rebellion
Stono Rebellion
German Coast Uprising
Denmark Vesey Revolt
36
How did the Lewis and Clark expedition benefit the U.S. government?
They discovered gold in northern California
They negotiated peace treaties with the major Plains Indian tribes
They fought against Spaniards in Texas and secured the region as a state
Their detailed maps enabled government to claim Oregon Country
37
What was the result of the Fourteenth Amendment?
ended slavery across the entire United States
forbade denying the vote based on race
guaranteed citizenship to freedmen and immigrant children born in the US
guaranteed women the right to vote nationally
38
Which of the following statements accurately describes the Bank of the United States?
It had unanimous support in Congress
It would be totally owned by the federal government
The Constitution had specifically demanded its creation
It would provide regulation of national currency
39
Which of the following statements accurately describes Thomas Jefferson’s draft of the Declaration of Independence?
recognized Indian land claims and promoted their recognition
outlined the duties and purposes of the national government
objections to British actions & expressed self-evidence of natural rights
pleaded with George III to negotiate with colonial leaders
40
Which of the following statements about Thomas Paine’s The American Crisis is accurate?
bolstered American morale
supplied Washington with battle plans
urged Congress to make Washington a temporary dictator
stated the impossibility of beating the British
41
Why do historians reject argument that Civil War began primarily as a Southern fight to defend liberty?
Southerners never claimed to be concerned with liberty or self-government
Southern leaders cited protection of slavery as justification for secession
Confederacy eventually instituted a military draft for women during the war
Confederacy freed all African American slaves at the start of the war
42
Why did the American Temperance Union lose many moderate members in 1836?
They allowed women to join
They became too involved in politics
They called for total abstinence from all alcoholic beverages
They promoted the interests of poor immigrants
43
Which of the following statements accurately describes the United States between 1815 and 1850?
experienced a period of stagnation
decreased in size and power
evolved into a transcontinental power
successfully outlawed ethnic prejudices
44
After the arrival of Europeans, the greatest number of Indians died as a result of
battle
enslavement
disease
starvation
45
Who were the “carpetbaggers”?
illiterate laborers
wealthy business owners
former Confederates
Union veterans
46
Which of the following was true of New England culture in the seventeenth century?
Religion governed New England more than the middle and southern colonies
Residents were required to be members of the Puritan Church
Residents were intensely loyal to the wishes of the king and Parliament
Church and state were separated in all New England colonies
47
In the seventeenth century, which of the following cash crops anchored the Virginia and Maryland economy?
tobacco
indigo
rice
barley
48
Which city did the British capture and occupy early in the American Revolution, making it their headquarters?
Philadelphia
Atlanta
Boston
NYC
49
Many southern leaders called for a New South characterized by
industrializing economy & social relations rooted in white supremacy
diverse small farms that sought to grow & produce everything they consumed
subregions where the White population pursued subsistence agriculture
removal of the African American population to the North and West
50
Which of the following is true of Madison’s Virginia Plan?
It proposed a two-house Congress
It was most favored by the small states
It proposed a president for life
It advocated amending the Articles of Confederation
51
Which of the following defined the headright system?
gave free land in return for five years of military service
gave free land to all women who came to the colony
auctioned off African American slaves to English settlers
gave fifty acres of land to anyone who would transport himself to colony
52
In late December 1776, George Washington was able to reverse American fortunes by
giving his troops permission to rest up and “hibernate” for the winter
convincing both France and Spain to enter the conflict
winning battles at Trenton and Princeton
recapturing New York City from the British
53
During Jackson’s presidency, southern slave owners feared which of the following?
an influx of cheap Irish labor
Jackson’s promises to protect the interests of the wealthy
possibility that democracy would cause the demise of slavery
fact that democratic activism was at an all-time low
54
How did President Johnson violate the Tenure of Office Act?
tried to remove a cabinet member without the approval of the Senate.
failed to deliver the State of the Union address in 1866.
fired his vice president due to the man’s beliefs on slavery
abolished new state governments “in the Rebel states.”
55
Why did the British shift their strategic focus to their military effort in the South?
They sought to destroy rebel plantations that freed enslaved individuals
They believed that Loyalists were more numerous in the South
They urgently needed to escape the frigid conditions of Canada
They wanted to protect their settlements in Florida and the Caribbean
56
The ruling in Dartmouth College v. Woodward related to
the right to tax federal currency
contract rights
constitutionality of a federal law
monopoly law
57
Why was the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 significant in American immigration history?
first time Congress was unable to override a presidential veto
removed all restrictions from U.S. immigration law
barred Chinese laborers from entering the country
sent all the Chinese immigrants in the United States back to China
58
John Tyler broke with the Democrats and joined with the Whigs because he
opposed the secession of South Carolina from the nation
believed all property owners should have the vote
morally opposed slavery and refused to allow it to enter the West
disagreed with Andrew Jackson’s position on nullification
59
The idea of popular sovereignty
solved the controversy over slavery’s extension.
was adopted by the Whigs in the 1848 election.
allowed Oregon to enter the Union as a slave state.
would allow people in the territories to decide whether to permit slavery.
60
Which of the following statements accurately describes the American (or Know-Nothing) political party?
political arm of the Trade Union movement
party’s goal was to reduce the growing trend of industrialization
founded to reduce or prevent immigration into the United States
party was founded in opposition to views of women’s rights activists
61
The rules that governed virtually every aspect of slave life were known as
civil law
spirituals
paternalism
slave codes
62
What did the Mississippi Plan accomplish so effectively, that it was copied in nine other states?
guaranteed Black political rights because 14th Amendment was now enforced
removed the poll tax because it also hurt many poor Whites
disenfranchised African American voters through several means
prevented African Americans from voting in Republican party primaries
63
What is the concept of divine right?
the monarch answers only to God
limits the powers of the King and Queen
England was destined to dominate the New World
citizens of a country have God-given rights that government must defend
64
Which of the following did “nativists” believe?
Immigrants were a threat to their jobs and way of life.
The concept of an Anglo-Saxon “race” was outdated.
Native Americans were the preferred source of workers.
Immigration was a boon to the American economy.
65
Which of the following statements accurately describes the middle colonies?
They shared cultural traits with the New England and southern colonies
They were dominated by tobacco and rice plantation agriculture
They lacked a suitable base for commerce
They included Rhode Island and Maryland
66
How did inventions like the typewriter and sewing machine impact the lives of women in post–Civil War America?
low- paying jobs offered to women on assumption they'd take them
high-paying job opportunities from new inventions opened up to women
New inventions spurred the creation of sweatshops
women formed first effective craft unions
67
How did the Mexican-American War ultimately deepen sectional divisions in the United States?
Slaves who fought in the war began rebelling for their freedom in the South
All the territories acquired were immediately opened to slavery
The new territories acquired fueled debate over the extension of slavery
Slavery was prohibited in all the territories acquired
68
Which of the following statements accurately summarizes the role of women in the eighteenth-century American colonies?
Women had lower status in American society than women in European society.
Women were unlikely to find eligible men to marry
Women could vote and hold office
Women often remained confined to the domestic sphere
69
What place that processed immigrants became known as the “island of hope, island of tears”?
Ellis Island
Chicago
Manhattan
Coney Island
70
How did the majority rule in the Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)?
It ruled that “separate but equal” violated the Fourteenth Amendment
ruled that individuals and businesses could segregate on the basis of race
Ruled that segregation was required
It endorsed racially “separate but equal” facilities
71
What was the purpose behind the Townshend Acts?
pay the royal governors’ salaries
increase meager pay of colonial legislators and encourage their loyalty
convince the colonists to help the British fight the French
subsidize the colonial shipbuilding trade
72
Why was the annexation of Texas popular in the South?
It would be entering the Union as a slave state
It would prove Calhoun’s incompetence as secretary of state
It would cause a Mexican attack on the United States and war
It would provide an untouched market for the sale of southern cotton
73
In 1565, the first permanent European town was established in the current-day United States at
Santa Fe
St. Augustine
Plymouth
San Antonio
74
How did the Emancipation Proclamation alter the nature of the Civil War?
freed all the slaves
transformed the Civil War to a war to end slavery
gave the Confederacy a military advantage over the Union.
caused remaining border states to leave the Union and join the Confederacy
75
The purpose of the Coercive Acts was to
abolish the colonial assemblies
arrest the leaders of the Sons of Liberty
punish Massachusetts for the Tea Party
outlaw all public criticism of British policy
76
Why were finances the greatest weakness of the Confederation government?
States were asked to “voluntarily” contribute to Congress’s budget
laws of Congress were too strictly enforced leading many to file bankruptcy
Too much money was put toward the executive and judiciary branches
Confederation taxes were too high in an effort to pay off war debts
77
Which of the following statements accurately describes the “pet banks”?
credit unions championed by Henry Clay in the Senate
institutions allowed to issue notes not covered by specie reserves
institutions chartered for express purpose of handling foreign investments
state banks with ties to President Jackson
78
What did the Treaty of Ghent do?
made civil war and financial ruin more likely in the United States
gave the British access to the Mississippi River
ended the War of 1812 and restored the previous boundaries
recognized the clear U.S. victory
79
Why did division arise within the Anglican Church under James I?
James I was a Catholic, but the church remained Protestant
Dissenters believed the church needed “purifying” from Catholic rituals
James I was an atheist, yet as king, he also headed the church
James I promoted the Separatist cause and sought to appease its demands
80
How did the Jamestown colony finally attain a measure of prosperity?
gold discoveries
land sales
tobacco production
trade with the Indians
81
Which of the following did Unitarianism stress?
creeds and confessions
reason and conscience
belief in the Holy Trinity
ritualistic practices
82
Why was the development of cast-iron and steel-frame construction techniques significant to the growth of cities?
They allowed developers to erect high-rise buildings.
They were the primary engines of job growth.
The growth of urban gardens depended on such techniques.
They were outdated and slowed the growth of cities
83
The Transcontinental Treaty
was negotiated by John C. Calhoun
brought about permanent peace with Britain
strengthened the U.S. claim to Texas
extended the boundary of Louisiana to the Pacific
84
Which of the following describes the role of government in the development of transportation in the US?
government was unable to contribute to projects due to poor communication
State governments fully supporting transportation projects financially
State, Federal, & Private Investors all contributed in some way
government successfully sabotaged such projects
85
What was the significance of the Battle of Antietam?
revived Northern morale & ended Confederate hopes of foreign alliances
established that light casualties would be the dominant pattern of the war.
convinced Lincoln to delay emancipation
enabled Lee to successfully capture Maryland
86
In the case of Marbury v. Madison, the Supreme Court decided that the Judiciary Act of 1789 was
constitutional, Court committed to states' rights
unconstitutional, Constitution gave specific term limits
unconstitutional, Court only had jurisdiction with foreign ambassadors
constitutional, only Court could approve judge appointments
87
Which of the following is accurate regarding slaves living in the northern colonies?
enjoyed more humane treatment than those in the Chesapeake region
were agricultural laborers like those in the South
usually lived and worked in cities and towns
usually possessed a trade or special skill
88
Which of the following arguments was used by Southerners to justify slavery?
Black race was inferior and slavery was rooted in the Bible
The lack of workers was drowning the cotton industry
Slavery was more widespread in the western territories than in the South
Slavery was bad but fundamental to the growth of the nation
89
The first American factories produced
glass products
tobacco products
cotton textiles
leather goods
90
Which of the following African American activists helped found the NAACP?
Ida B. Wells
Booker T. Washington
W.E.B. Du Bois
Ida Tarbell

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