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Unit 6 Water and Water Pollution Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 6 Water and Water Pollution Review
Unit 6 Water and Water Pollution Review
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Water and Water Pollution Review
Flashcards
45 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Water
makes up most of living organisms.
maintains Earth’s climate.
is essential to all life.
helps to dilute pollutants.
2
The greatest source of water pollution in terms of total mass is
sediments.
oxygen-demanding wastes.
fertilizers
water-soluble inorganic chemicals.
3
Of the following sources of oil in the environment, the one which contributes least is
normal operation of offshore wells.
tanker accidents and blowouts at offshore drilling rigs.
pipeline leaks.
washing tankers and releasing the oily water.
4
Heat, organic wastes, and inorganic plant nutrients may all deplete dissolved _____ from water.
decomposing bacteria
oxygen
minerals
nitrogen
5
Humans increase the likelihood of flooding by
urbanization
removing water-absorbing vegetation
building on floodplains
6
Desalination
is expensive
produces mountains of salt
uses vast amounts of electricity
can threaten estuaries when brine is dumped
7
Which of the following is a nonpoint source of water pollution?
sewage treatment plant
power plant
active and inactive coal mines
a logged forest
8
In the East, most water use is based on
prior appropriation
common property rights
private property rights
riparian rights
9
The hydrologic cycle will naturally purify and recycle fresh water as long as humans don’t
overload it with wastes
withdraw groundwater supplies faster than it is replenished.
pollute the water faster than it is replenished
10
Dams
destroy agricultural land and scenic areas.
inhibit migration of fish.
are expensive to build.
deprive downstream area of nutrients.
11
Water is wasted because
water prices are artificially low
outdated laws encourage water waste
Watershed management is very fragmented
12
One class of pollutants that can cause a population explosion of aerobic bacteria is
disease-causing agents.
oxygen-demanding wastes.
inorganic chemicals
organic chemicals
13
Experts rate groundwater pollution as a
a low-risk ecological but high-risk health problem.
a high-risk ecological but low-risk health problem.
a low-risk ecological and health problem.
high-risk ecological and health problem.
14
Groundwater depletion can be reduced by
developing plant varieties that use less water.
refraining from growing water-thirsty crops in dry areas.
controlling population growth.
using plants more resistant to heat stress.
15
Throughout the world, the most water is used for
industrial processes
needs of animals and livestock
electricity production
irrigation
16
The most common reason for nonpoint source pollution to enter a watershed is
forests
concrete
grassland
suburban homes
17
Which of the following types of sewage treatment is properly matched?
advanced - physical and chemical processes
secondary - mechanical process
secondary - chemical process
primary - biological process
18
Chesapeake Bay has been quite vulnerable to pollution because it is
deep and flushes pollutants very quickly
shallow and flushes pollutants very quickly
shallow and flushes pollutants very slowly
deep and flushes pollutants very slowly
19
Which of the following uses tends to consume the smallest amount of water?
irrigation
industry
public use
energy production
20
Water scarcity due to increasing numbers of people relying of fixed levels of runoff is called
dessication
aridity
drought
water stress
21
In the West, most water use is based on
prior appropriation
private property rights
riparian rights
common property rights
22
For drinking water, the WHO recommends a level of ? coliform bacteria per 100 mL of water
0
100
5
10
23
Approximately ____% of Earth’s water is fresh rather than salt water.
13
3
10
21
24
The majority of the oil pollution of the ocean comes from
runoff from land.
blowouts (rupture of a borehole of an oil rig in the ocean).
environmental terrorism.
tanker accidents.
25
One class of pollutants that can cause excessive growth of algae is
radioactive substances.
oxygen-demanding wastes.
inorganic plant nutrients.
sediments
26
Water can be scarce because of
dry climate
water stress
dessication
drought
27
Which of the following statements is false?
Water exhibits capillary action
Water has a low surface tension
Water expands when it freezes.
Water is easily polluted because it is a good solvent.
28
Overuse of groundwater can lead to
aquifer depletion.
saltwater intrusion.
groundwater contamination.
subsidence
29
The only effective way to protect groundwater is to
prevent contamination.
cover all wells carefully.
use only water from artesian wells.
use monitoring wells.
30
Oxygen sag curves
may occur downstream from a sewage treatment plant.
may develop in slow-moving rivers.
may occur when oxygen-demanding wastes are added
may occur during summer droughts.
31
Which of the following are a point source of water pollution?
construction areas
livestock feedlots
offshore oil wells
urban lands
32
Water scarcity from drying up of the soil because of deforestation or overgrazing is called
aridity
dessication
drought
water stress
33
The largest estuary in the United States is
the gulf of Mexico.
the Pamlico Sound
Mobile Bay.
Chesapeake Bay.
34
In cultural eutrophication, game fish die from
suffocation from lack of oxygen
acid deposition
toxic substances in the water
salt
35
Sustainable use of water
might be encouraged by water marketing.
is discouraged by government subsidies of water.
requires integrated management for all users in a watershed
36
Wasting water through irrigation could be reduced by
using remote systems that monitor soil moisture.
using drought-resistant and salt-tolerant crops.
treating urban wastewater and using it for irrigation.
using organic farming techniques.
37
Which of the following statements is false?
The water table moves down in dry weather.
Water in a confined aquifer is under pressure.
Groundwater is stationary and does not move.
Recharging of water is a slow process.
38
Farmers can sharply reduce fertilizer runoff by
planting buffer zones near surface water
planting nitrogen-fixing plants.
using slow-release fertilizers.
using prescribed amounts of fertilizer.
39
An indicator of good water quality would be a very low number of
ducks
coliform bacteria
snakes
fish
40
Water molecules _________ each other.
attract
repel
dissolve
have no effect on
41
Thermal water pollution can be reduced by all of the following methods except
using cooling towers.
using more electricity.
returning heated water away from the vulnerable shore zone.
limiting the amount of heated water discharged
42
A body of water can be depleted of its oxygen by
sediments and suspended matter.
radioactive isotopes.
organic wastes, which need aerobic bacteria to breakdown.
viruses and parasitic worms.
43
Which choice completes the sentence incorrectly? Cloud seeding
none of these answers
could change regional rainfall patterns.
is most useful in very dry areas.
is impeded by legal disputes.
44
Which of the following statements about lakes is true?
Stratification increase levels of dissolved oxygen
Lakes have more flushing than streams.
Lakes are more vulnerable than streams to contamination
Stratified layers are characterized by vertical mixing
45
Water covers about _____% of Earth’s surface.
71
97
3
62