Refer to the illustration above. The diagram represents the decrease in

available energy from lower to higher trophic levels.

Which of the following is not true about DNA replication?

The new DNA molecule has two newly-made strands.

At the very beginning of translation, the first tRNA molecule

binds to the mRNA’s start codon.

Refer to the illustration above. How much energy is available to the organisms in level C?

10 percent of the energy in level B

Refer to the illustration above. Killer whales feed at the

third and fourth trophic levels.

Temperatures on Earth may continue to increase because

increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will trap more heat.

A nucleotide consists of

a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base.

The term microevolution refers to

small-scale changes in a population’s genes.

Transcription begins when RNA polymerase

attaches to the promoter sequence of a gene.

According to Darwin’s view of natural selection, overproduction means producing

more offspring than can survive.

Which of the following is not part of the nitrogen cycle?

breathing in nitrogen gas from the atmosphere

Refer to the illustration above. These fossils indicate that horse evolution included

a change from four toes to one toe

Refer to the illustration above. At each trophic level, the energy stored in the organisms in that level is about

ten percent of the energy in the level below it.

RNA differs from DNA in that RNA

contains the nitrogen base uracil.

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Biology Final Quiz S2

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Answers

1
What is the portion of the protein molecule coded for by a piece of mRNA with the sequence CUCAAGUGCUUC?
Pro—Glu—Leu—Val
Leu—Lys—Cys—Phe
Ser—Tyr—Arg—Gly
Val—Asp—Pro—His
2
Refer to the illustration above. The diagram represents the decrease in
trophic levels.
available energy from lower to higher trophic levels.
diversity of organisms between lower and higher levels.
the number of organisms from higher to lower trophic levels.
3
Which of the following is not true about DNA replication?
Two complementary strands are duplicated.
It must occur before a cell can divide
The double strand unwinds and unzips while it is being duplicated.
The new DNA molecule has two newly-made strands.
4
Refer to the illustration above. The relationship shown in diagram 3 is
parasitism.
commensalism.
mutualism.
competition.
5
The entire molecule shown in the diagram above is called a(n)
pyrimidine.
polysaccharide.
nucleotide.
amino acid.
6
The Galápagos finches are adapted to their environment because they have
hibernated.
not changed.
evolved.
migrated.
7
At the very beginning of translation, the first tRNA molecule
attaches directly to the DNA codon.
binds to the mRNA’s anticodon.
connects an amino acid to its anticodon.
binds to the mRNA’s start codon.
8
Which of the following would not be included in a description of an organism’s niche?
its trophic level
when it reproduces
its number of chromosomes
the humidity and temperature it prefers
9
Refer to the illustration above. Level A is composed of
herbivores.
producers.
carnivores.
omnivores.
10
Nitrogen is a component of
carbohydrates.
proteins.
fats.
water.
11
Refer to the illustration above. The relationship shown in diagram 1 is
commensalism.
competition.
mutualism.
parasitism.
12
When humans and animals die, phosphorus
is dissolved in water.
is decomposed by decomposers.
returns to the soil.
evaporates into the atmosphere.
13
A group of organisms of different species living together in a particular place is called a
population
community
habitat
biome
14
High biodiversity often helps make an ecosystem more
susceptible to disease.
resilient.
competitive
challenging to survival.
15
The water cycle continuously moves water between the atmosphere, land, and...
trees.
oceans.
groundwater.
humans.
16
Refer to the illustration above. How much energy is available to the organisms in level C?
90 percent of the energy in level B
all of the energy in level A minus the energy in level B
all of the energy in level A plus the energy in level B
10 percent of the energy in level B
17
Which of the following would represent the strand of DNA from which the mRNA strand CUCAAGUGCUUC was made?
GAGTTCACGAAG
AGACCTGTAGGA
GAGUUCACGAAG
CUCAAGUGCUUC
18
Transcriptionwhich is a stage of gene expression isthe process bywhichgeneticinformationencoded inDNA is transferred toa
RNA molecule
DNA molecule.
uracil molecule.
tRNA molecule.
19
During transcription, the genetic information for making a protein is “rewritten” as a molecule of
transfer RNA.
translation RNA.
ribosomal RNA.
messenger RNA.
20
Which of the following is the result of artificial selection?
the weeds in a garden
the fish that live in the ocean
the recognized breeds of dogs
the rain-forest plants and animals
21
Which of the following is not an abiotic factor that affects population size?
climate
human impact
weather
available water
22
Refer to the table above. The table represents three types of
succession.
competition.
symbiosis.
rhythmic patterns.
23
Which resource is considered renewable?
coal
oil
wind
natural gas
24
The scientists credited with establishing the structure of DNA are
Avery and Chargaff.
Hershey and Chase.
Watson and Crick.
Mendel and Griffith.
25
The amount of guanine in an organism always equals the amount of
thymine.
protein.
cytosine
adenine.
26
Refer to the illustration above. The diagram shows a(n)
community.
energy pyramid.
food web.
population.
27
Refer to the illustration above. Leopard seals are
omnivores.
herbivores.
producers.
carnivores.
28
Refer to the illustration above. Killer whales feed at the
second trophic level only.
second and third trophic levels.
first and second trophic levels.
third and fourth trophic levels.
29
Refer to the illustration above. The photosynthetic algae are
decomposers.
producers.
parasites.
consumers.
30
Which of the following usually results when members of the same species require the same food and space?
symbiosis
competition
predation
succession
31
Temperatures on Earth may continue to increase because
too much oxygen is now given off by plants.
increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will trap more heat.
Earth tilts toward the sun in the summer.
decomposers essential to recycling matter are being destroyed.
32
A nucleotide consists of
a starch, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base
a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base.
a sugar, a protein, and adenine.
a sugar, an amino acid, and starch.
33
Evolution can be defined as a genetic change in...
chromosomal drift.
species.
natural selection.
environmental variation.
34
The term microevolution refers to
small-scale changes in a population’s genes.
macroevolution.
speciation.
large-scale changes in a species traits.
35
Transcription begins when RNA polymerase
attaches to a ribosome.
binds to a strand of RNA.
attaches to the promoter sequence of a gene.
unwinds a strand of DNA.
36
According to Darwin’s view of natural selection, overproduction means producing
more food than is needed by a population.
too few organisms to enable all to survive.
more offspring than can survive.
too many species in one area.
37
Which of the following is not part of the nitrogen cycle?
conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into usable organiccompounds by bacteria
conversion of nitrogen from decaying organisms into ammonia
breathing in nitrogen gas from the atmosphere
nitrogen fixation
38
Refer to the illustration above. These fossils indicate that horse evolution included
the process of punctuated equilibrium.
a change from four toes to one toe
the process of adaptive radiation.
a change from six toes to two toes
39
During transcription,
DNA is replicated.
RNA is produced.
translation occurs.
proteins are synthesized.
40
Refer to the illustration above. At each trophic level, the energy stored in the organisms in that level is about
ten percent of the energy in the level below it.
100 percent of the energy in the level below it.
50 percent of the energy in the level below it.
ten percent of the energy in the level above it.
41
Refer to the table above. The relationship that corresponds to description 2 is known as
predation.
mutualism.
commensalism.
parasitism.
42
RNA differs from DNA in that RNA
contains the nitrogen base uracil.
does not contain adenine.
contains deoxyribose.
is double-stranded.
43
Solar energy can be trapped in the atmosphere by
carbon dioxide
radiation
sunlight
ozone
44
Which of the following is not found in RNA?
cytosine
thymine
uracil
adenine
45
Precipitation that percolates into the soil becomes
runoff.
water vapor.
lakes.
groundwater.
46
Refer to the illustration above. The similarity of these structures suggests that the organisms
evolved slowly.
live for a long time.
have a common ancestor.
don't have a common ancestor.
47
Evidence that supports the theory of evolution includes all of the following except
similarities/differences in amino-acid and DNA sequences between organisms
the fossil record.
punctuated sedimentation.
homologous structures
48
The enzymes that unwind DNA during replication are called
double helixes.
forks.
DNA helicases.
phages.
49
Layers of rock give evidence of
Lamarckian inheritance.
population growth.
artificial selection.
the great age of Earth.
50
The part of the molecule for which DNA is named is the
hydrogen bonds.
nitrogen base.
sugar.
phosphate group.
51
Which of these activities causes the greatest loss of biodiversity?
air pollution
soil erosion
habitat destruction
water pollution
52
Refer to the illustration above. The relationship shown in diagram 4 is
commensalism
mutualism.
parasitism.
competition.
53
Refer to the illustration above. The bones labeled A are known as
homologous structures.
fossil structures.
sequential structures.
extinct structures.
54
As a population reaches its carryingcapacityresources become scarce Whichofthefollowing wouldincrease withthepopulation?
birthrate
nesting sites
available shelter
competition
55
Each of the following is a type of RNA except
ribosomal RNA.
carrier RNA.
transfer RNA.
messenger RNA.
56
Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection included
microevolution and variation.
coevolution and selection.
convergence and adaptation.
overproduction and selection.
57
Which of the following is a decomposer?
plant
vulture
moisture
worm
58
Coal is considered a nonrenewable resource because it
forms over millions of years.
can be readily replaced.
is polluting.
is a fossil fuel.
59
Animals that feed on plants are at least in the
third trophic level.
fourth trophic level.
first trophic level.
second trophic level.
60
Transfer RNA
carries an amino acid to its correct codon.
synthesizes amino acids as they are needed.
converts DNA into mRNA.
produces codons to match the correct anticodons.
61
As the density of a population ^ the effects of starvation+disease also often increase. These are which kind of factors?
density-dependent
density-independent
symbiotic
abiotic
62
Refer to the illustration above. The relationship shown in diagram 2 is
mutualism.
commensalism.
competition.
parasitism.
63
Natural selection could not occur without
genetic variation in populations.
competition for unlimited resources.
gradual warming of Earth.
artificial selection.
64
A species that is critical to an ecosystem cause the species affects the survival and#of many other species is known asa
parasitic species.
endangered species.
predatory species.
keystone species.
65
Refer to the illustration above. On the diagram, animals that feed on plant eaters are no lower than
level D.
level A.
level C.
level B.
66
Each nucleotide triplet in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid is called a(n)
anticodon.
codon.
peptide bond.
helicase.
67
The kinds of species that live in certain areas are determined largely by
soil.
weather.
climate.
plants.
68
Because individuals in a population usually tend to produce more than one offspring
populations remain stable in size.
populations tend to increase in size.
individuals tend to die quickly.
the number of individuals declines rapidly.
69
Which of the following is not an example of a predator-prey relationship?
a lion chasing a zebra
a flea biting a dog
a shark hunting fish
a bird eating a butterfly
70
Precipitation and evaporation are important components of the
oxygen cycle.
water cycle.
carbon cycle.
nitrogen cycle.
71
adenine : thymine ::
Watson : Crick
protein : DNA
guanine : thymine
guanine : cytosine
72
if a portion of the original strand is CCTAGCT, then the new strand will be...
AAGTATC.
CCTAGCT.
TTGCATG.
GGATCGA.
73
Processes of microevolution include
DNA and RNA.
genetic drift and ancestry.
migration and mutation.
homology and selection.
74
The anticodons for the codons in the mRNA with the sequence CUCAAGUGCUUC are
CUU—CGU—GAA—CUC.
GAG—TTC—ACG—AAG.
GAG—UUC—ACG—AAG.
CUC—GAA—CGU—CUU.
75
Natural selection is the process by which
baseball players pass on the trait for strong arm muscles to children.
use and disuse of a characteristic leads to evolutionary change.
organismsw/traits wellsuited to their environment reproduce ata greaterrate
change occurs in the genetic characteristics ofindividuals thatlivetogether
76
Which of the following statements is not true about the steps of natural selection?
A small amount of variation can be attributed to inherited traits.
The environment causes some individuals to leave more offspring than others
Populations are able to overproduce.
Adaptations for an environment become more common over time.
77
Refer to the illustration above. The process shown in the diagram is known as
competitive exclusion.
oligotrophy.
succession.
symbiosis.
78
Plants use carbon dioxide to build organic molecules during the process of
combustion.
photosynthesis.
respiration.
transpiration.
79
Which of the following is common to the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, and the water cycle?
The largest reserves of the substance are always in organisms.
The substance is required by all living things and is involved in many pro
The substance must pass through organisms in order to complete its cycle.
Thesubstanceisrearranged intodifferentypes moleculeasitmovesthroughits cy
80
Which is a biotic factor that affects population size?
food
available sunlight
precipitation
temperature
81
What does evolution mean in biology?
change in individuals over time
change in species over time
change in individuals over time
change in ecosystems over time
82
Refer to the illustration above. The diagram, which shows how energy moves through an ecosystem, is known as a
food web.
food chain.
habitat.
food net.
83
When the settlers arrived in New England, many forests were turned into fields. Eventually, some fields were abandoned..
pioneer species.
coevolution.
niche realization.
succession.
84
In which of the following could one not reasonably measure biodiversity?
ecosystem
community
habitat
population
85
Molecules of DNA are composed of long chains of
monosaccharides.
nucleotides.
amino acids.
fatty acids.
86
Refer to the illustration above. An analysis of DNA from these organisms would indicate that
they have identical DNA.
they all have the same number of chromosomes.
their nucleotide sequences show many similarities.
they all have fingers.
87
The extinction of species
is a problem limited to the tropics.
has been speeded up by the activities of people.
is not a problem today.
is a problem only where topsoil and groundwater are limited.
88
Youaregivena protein containing the following sequenceof aminoacid tyrosine, proline, aspartic acid, isoleucine, and cys
AUGGGUCUAUAUACG
ATAGGGCTTTAAACA
GCAAACTCGCGCGTA
ATGGGTCTATATACG
89
Which of the following is not descriptive of coal, oil, and natural gas?
are formed from decayed plants
release carbon dioxide when they are burned
are fossil fuels
absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
90
Succession occurs...
as a previously existing community is replaced.
as one generation of organisms replaces the previous one.
only after a glacier retreat.
after a new food web is established.
91
Which of the following factors is not helpful in defining a biome?
types of organisms
latitude
a season’s average rainfall
climate conditions
92
A trait that allows organisms to survive and reproduce better than others without the trait in a specific environment is
variation.
adaptation.
selection.
accommodation.
93
Which of the following is not part of a molecule of DNA?
phosphate
ribose
deoxyribose
nitrogen base
94
All living things are made of
mercury.
boron.
carbon.
silicon.
95
The attachment of nucleotides to form a complementary strand of DNA during replication
is accomplished by DNA polymerase.
prevents separation of complementary strands of RNA.
is accomplished only in the presence of tRNA.
is the responsibility of the proofreading enzymes
96
Which of the following does not represent a population?
all the grass frogs in the pond of Central Park, New York City
all the birds in Chicago, Illinois
all the earthworms in Yosemite National Park
all the robins in Austin, Texas
97
Most animals are both
herbivores and carnivores.
parasites and hosts.
predators and prey.
producers and consumers.
98
Renewable sources of energy
must be created in laboratories.
are manufactured from fossil fuels.
were never utilized until the 20th century.
can replenish themselves naturally.
99
In water, calcium phosphate dissolves to form which substance that is taken up by the roots of plants?
phosphate
calcium
carbon
nitrogen
100
Which does a functioning aquarium not display?
a niche
a habitat
an ecosystem
a community

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