What is the difference between sex and gender?

Sex is rooted in biology, gender is rooted in society

What is the social cost of carbon?

It reflects long-term global climate and health harm

What is the moral and ethical justification for putting a price on carbon in climate policy?

Future generations have a right to inherit a stable and livable climate

What does the data discussed in class suggest about GDP vs. ecosystem services?

Nature's value is more than GDP, but the ratio has been declining

Why might companies decide to emit less carbon than allowed under a cap-and-trade system?

They can profit by selling unused permits

How would a gender essentialist think about sexual assault?

Men's hormones and brain chemistry lead them to commit more sex crimes

Why is Yellowstone’s wolf reintroduction useful to understand tipping points?

One change triggered widespread system effects

What significance did the Willy Horton ad have on criminal justice policies?

It showed that fear drives punitive policies

What happens if permafrost melt continues and Arctic albedo drops?

Warming accelerates from methane and heat absorption

Which of the following is a valid critique of the Paris Climate Agreement?

It relies on voluntary action with no penalties for noncompliance

How do bail practices contribute to mass incarceration?

High bail makes pretrial release difficult for poor defendants

What does the concept of “ecologically unequal exchange” imply about global trade?

Rich nations externalize social and environmental harm to poorer nations

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Social Problems Spring 2025 Final Review

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Questions 20

Answers

1
What is the difference between sex and gender?
Sex and gender are two different ways to refer to the same thing
Sex is rooted in biology, gender is rooted in society
Sex is how you were born, gender is how you feel
Sex is about who you are attracted to, gender is about how you identify
2
What is the social cost of carbon?
It reflects long-term global climate and health harm
It tracks profits of companies in the green energy sector
Consumers set the cost by buying offsets
It’s based on taxes and subsidies
3
What is the moral and ethical justification for putting a price on carbon in climate policy?
Environmental protection is economically irrational but morally necessary
Future generations have a right to inherit a stable and livable climate
Any carbon emissions are inherently morally wrong and should be eliminated
Carbon markets encourage wealth redistribution
4
What is the current gender wage gap in the United States?
65%
70%
95%
85%
5
What does the data discussed in class suggest about GDP vs. ecosystem services?
Losing ecosystem services affects economies only minimally
Nature's value is more than GDP, but the ratio has been declining
Valuing ecosystems only works locally
The value of ecosystem services is too small to measure
6
Why might companies decide to emit less carbon than allowed under a cap-and-trade system?
Unused carbon credits are refundable by the government
They get tax cuts for reducing their carbon emissions
Companies that exceed their allowances even slightly will face jail time
They can profit by selling unused permits
7
How would a gender essentialist think about sexual assault?
Our society is more likely to tolerate/excuse problematic behavior by boys
Men's hormones and brain chemistry lead them to commit more sex crimes
Sexual assault rates have dropped because women's roles in society changed
Gender is a social construct that is irrelevant to sexual assault
8
Why is Yellowstone’s wolf reintroduction useful to understand tipping points?
Small efforts alone can halt global warming
Wolves cool the planet via carbon storage
Ecosystems fix themselves without interference
One change triggered widespread system effects
9
Which social control agent participates in formal social control?
Friends
Police officers
Teachers
Parents
10
What significance did the Willy Horton ad have on criminal justice policies?
It encouraged the expansion of social services
It promoted rehabilitation
It showed that fear drives punitive policies
It began to reduce prison populations
11
What region in the US was targeted by Purdue Pharma for Oxycontin sales?
Bible Belt
Southwest
Rust Belt
Hippie Northwest
12
Based on available data discussed in class, who is most likely to commit a crime?
An alien
A documented/legal immigrant in the country on a visa
A US citizen
An undocumented immigrant
13
Which of the following is an example of a harm reduction strategy for opioid users?
Safe injection sites
Reduced treatment access
Mandatory jail time
Increased policing
14
What happens if permafrost melt continues and Arctic albedo drops?
Warming accelerates from methane and heat absorption
Ice regrows due to extra clouds
Melting stops from plant recovery
Cooling starts from sunlight reflection
15
Which of the following is a valid critique of the Paris Climate Agreement?
It has a strict enforcement mechanism that many nations oppose
It favors oil-producing nations
It encourages fossil fuel expansion
It relies on voluntary action with no penalties for noncompliance
16
What is the median bail amount for felonies in the US?
$5,000
$10,000
$50,000
$1,000
17
How do bail practices contribute to mass incarceration?
Setting bail tends to reduce the length of jail stays
High bail makes pretrial release difficult for poor defendants
Bail only affects people who are convicted of a crime
Bail is rarely used, reducing the incarceration rate
18
What does the concept of “ecologically unequal exchange” imply about global trade?
Rich countries use their wealth to pay for economic growth abroad
Trade policies can reduce global inequality
All nations are harmed by environmental problems equally
Rich nations externalize social and environmental harm to poorer nations
19
When did mass incarceration begin to dramatically increase in the US?
Late 1970s
Early 2000s
1950s
1990s
20
Which of the following facts about sexual assault is TRUE?
Most sexual assaults are committed by someone known to the victim
All of the above
The majority of sexual assaults that occur are not reported
Sexual assault is a more common experience among women than men

Social Problems Spring 2025 Final Review Flashcards | StudBud