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Duplicate of APWH Unit II + III Review
Duplicate of APWH Unit II + III Review
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Unit II AP World History Review #apworldhistory
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1
One similarity between the Gupta dynasty and the Tang dynasty is that each dynasty
promoted equality for women
developed a representative government
made advances in the arts, sciences, and mathematics
gained overseas colonies
2
The art, music, and philosophy of the medieval period in Europe generally dealt with
classic Greek and Roman subjects
human scientific achievements
materialism
religious themes
3
Which economic system is shown in this diagram?
manorialism
socialism
mercantalism
laissez-faire capitalism
4
The introduction of banking, letters of credit, joint stock companies, and guilds gave way to
Commercial Revolution
Renaissance
Enlightenment
Scientific Revolution
5
During the 18 and 19 c., increased contact btwn Euro and Africa, Asia and S America resulted in
the exploitation of labor and resources of these continents
a return to the political and economic systems of feudalism
closer cultural cooperation btwn Euro and these continents
preservation of the rights of the indigenous peoples
6
"... and in the actions of men... the end justifies the means." Who wrote this?
Machiavelli
Locke
Voltaire
Montesquei
7
In what way was the Renaissance similar to the Tang dynasty?
The peasant class was instrumental in both
Warfare and insurrection characterized both
Religious reform was a major concern
Advances in art, technology, and learning occurred
8
In Europe during the Middle Ages, increases in trade and commerce resulted in
increased political power for the clergy
lower living standards for industrial workers
decreased economic rivalry btwn kings
development of towns and cities
9
Which development led to the shortages of labor in 14 c. Europe and 16 and 17 c. N &S America?
rise of nation states
outbreak of deadly diseases
fall of Constantinople
introduction of new military
10
A study of Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas would show that these ancient American civilizations
rivaled the accomplishments of Middle Eastern cultures
welcomed the new technology brought by Euro explorers
produced few cultural achievements
lived at peace with their neighbors
11
Medieval life in Europe was characterized by
limited social mobility
rejection of Christian teachings
a strong central government
a thriving system of international trade
12
During the Commercial Revolution, the joint stock company was developed to meet the needs of
manorialism
mercantilism
entrepreneurship
feudalism
13
In both Mali and the Roman Republic, ____ was an important feature of life
codified laws
Islam
social and political equality
agricultural communes
14
One important effect of the Crusades on W Europe was they
furthered cultural diffusion throughout W Europe
ended the W European quest for an overseas empire
led to a decline int he importance of the church
introduced the Industrial Revolution
15
Which factor contributed to the success of the vast empire created by the Mongols?
employing superior military skills
converting conquered peoples to Confucianism
avoiding contact with the West
paying monetary tribute to local rulers
16
Which system developed as a result of the Commercial Revolution in Europe?
mercantalism
market economy
absolutism
manorilaism
17
The Commercial Revolution in W Europe led directly to the
expansion of world trade
weakening of the power of the middle class
development of a socialist economy
establishment of the guild system
18
In both Europe and Japan, the major reason for the development of feudalism was to
eliminate the need for a legal system
provide order during a period of weak central governments
consolidate the political power of the region
increase trade and manufacturing
19
Which conclusion can be drawn from the information provided by the map?
A network of trade routes connected centers of Euro trade
Africa was Europe's most active trading partner
Asians and Europeans traded primarily by water routes
The Hanseatic league controlled trade in the Black Sea
20
The Middle Ages in W Europe was characterized by
the manor system and land ownership
absolute monarchies
extensive trade with Asia and the Middle East
decreased emphasis on religion in daily life
21
Which POV best represents the philosophy behind the Renaissance?
Religious doctrines should not be questioned
Class distinctions in society should be re-examined
The Catholic Church should be questioned and re-evaluated
The Greek and Roman civilizations are worthy of study
22
Egypt, Ghana, Mali, and Songhai were all similar because they were all located
in mountainous terrain
in rain forest areas
in coastal areas
on major trading routes
23
W Europe is indebted to this empire that ensured survival of Christianity when it was too weak
Hellenistic
Byzantine
Mongol
Ottoman
24
Block printing, gunpowder, the abacus, porcelain making, and compass are associated with the
Ghana and Mali civilizations
Gupta Empire
Tang and Song dynasties
Byzantine Empire
25
A study of early African and Asian civilizations shows that
religion had little developmental influence
men and women had equal employment opportunities
societies usually developed along river valleys
large cities were not established until Europeans came
26
The economic policy of mercantilism first developed during the
Middle Ages
Age of Exploration
Scientific Revolution
Enlightenment
27
One aspect common to both Shinto and Taoism is a
belief in the reincarnation of souls
belief in one God
deep reverence and respect for nature
ban on the consumption of pork
28
From the 9th to 14th centuries, Muslim rule of conquered territories was characterized by
the rejection of Greek and Roman scientific works
the toleration of members of other cultures
a decrease in trade and commerce
the creation of democratic governments
29
The spread of Islam into the kingdoms of Ghana and Mali resulted from
imperialism
self-determination
ethnocentrism
cultural diffusion
30
Rome during the Pax Romana and the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages are examples of
feudal governments
constitutional monarchies
centralized powers
Communist regimes
31
The ethnocentric attitudes of the various Chinese can best be attributed to the
cultural isolation of China
interest of Chinese scholars in other civilizations
failure of other nations to become interested in China
great culutral diversity within China's borders
32
According to the map, by 750 A.D. islam had spread from
Senegal to India
the Indus River to Spain
Mecca to Asia Minor
Cairo to Tours
33
The development of trade along the Mediterranean Sea led to the
decline of Greek city-states
start of the Renaissance in Italy
first religious wars in Europe
beginnings of the Crusades to the Middle East
34
Feudalism influence Europe and japan by
encouraging formal education
fostering the growth of religion
providing social stability
eliminating warfare
35
Which statement best describes the role of the Roman Catholic Church during the Middle Ages?
Church leaders were involved only in spiritual activities
The Church gained influence as people became more secular
The Church encouraged individuals to question authority
The Church provided a sense of stability, unity, and order
36
Why did Native American populations drastically decrease from 1492 to 1600?
crop failures brought on by poor weather
wars btwn various native groups
diseases introduced by the Spanish
emigration of Native Americans to Euro and Africa
37
Which was not a major characteristic of the Renaissance?
individualism
mysticism
secularism
humanism
38
The purpose of the Great Wall was to
protect the Chinese from the nomadic tribes
supply food from the south to Khanbalik
protect the port city of Guangzhou
control the flood waters of the Hunag he and Chang Jiang
39
Which political system is associated with Europe from 900-1200 and Japan from 1600-1868
manorialism
socialism
communism
feudalism
40
The Silk Road was important to China because it provided
contact with other cultures through trade
a means for the empire to expand its borders
a military route for the defense of the norther border
a means of administering the civil service exams
41
Which style of architecture includes by stained windows, flying buttresses, and pointed arches?
Corinthian
Gothic
Ionic
neoclassical
42
What economic principle developed as a result of the trade routes on the map?
capitalism
industrialism
manorialism
mercantilism
43
Notre Dame Cathedral, the Dome of the Rock, and the Great Pyramid are examples of
architectural accomplishments that reflect religious beliefs
the influence of Buddhist architecture on conquered nations
ancient architectural monuments no longer in use
influence of cultural diffusion on contemporary architecture
44
An important long-term result of the Crusades in the Middle East was the
destruction of Muslim military power
restoration of the Byzantine empire
increase in tension between Muslims and Christians
creation of a large Christian state on the Red Sea
45
Which phrase best describes Mali under the rule of Mansa Musa?
a poverty-stricken era
a golden age
a period of political chaos
a time of colonial unrest
46
The caste system and the feudal system were similar in that both
established absolutist governments
developed concepts for natural rights
promoted peace and prosperity
provided structure for society
47
A major goal of the Christian Church during the Crusades was to
establish Christianity in W Europe
unite warring Arab peoples
capture the Holy land from Islamic rulers
strengthen English dominance of the Arab world
48
Which statement best described society under medieval Christianity and traditional Islam?
Religion played a major role only in the lives of clergy
Religion permitted the freedom to choose how people worship
Religion was a way of life that governed people
Both religions influences society by expressing equality
49
In Europe a long-term effect of the Crusades was
an increased demand of goods from the East
an adoption of Islam
the strengthening of the feudal system
increased European isolation
50
In medieval Japan and medieval Europe, the feudal system was dominated by
radical revolutionaries
peasant farmers
warrior aristocrats
middle class merchants
51
The Tang, the Gupta, and the Mali were similar in that each experienced a period of
war and constant invasion
mercantilism and industrial expansion
prosperity and artistic creativty
feudalism and oppression
52
Machiavelli and Hobbes both advocated that a ruler should
obtain consent of the governed
divide power evenly
obtain power from a social contract
employ absolute power
53
The Age of Pericles, the Gupta Empire, and the Tang dynasty experienced a golden age with
the end of foreign domination
outstanding contributions in the arts and sciences
advancements in the principles of democratic governments
the furthest expansion of their borders
54
In Japan, the samurai code of Bushido helped bring about
equality among Japanese citizens
an increased interest in science and technology
a culture that accepted militarism
peaceful relations with other nations
55
Which statement best reflects the effect of colonialism in Latin America?
industries in the colonies manufactured goods
Markets in the colonies were closed to manufactured goods
The wealth of the colonial power increased at their expense
Land was distributed equally btwn the social classes
56
The travels of Marco Polo resulted in the
use of Confucian teaching in Europe
introduction of gunpowder to China
decline of Mongol rule in China
expansion of trade btwn China and Europe
57
The W African kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai flourished btwn 700 and 1600 mainly b/c they
developed self-sufficient economies
controlled the trade routes across the Sahara
received support from European colonial governments
became religious centers considered sacred to Africans
58
What do these: Calcutta, Nanjing, Venice, Mogadishu have in common from 1200-1650?
cities of origin for major religions
centers of world trade
sites of early civilization
Latin American societies
59
Archaeological evidence found at Tenochtitlan and Machu Picchu suggests that these socities
consisted of hunters and gatherers
were highly developed and organized
practice monotheism
followed a democratic system
60
One major result of the Crusades was the
long-term decrease in European trade
spread of Middle Eastern culture and technology to Europe
permanent occupation of the Holy Land by Europeans
conversion of most Muslims to Christianity
61
One factor that enabled the Renaissance to flourish in N Italy was that the region had
a shrinking aristocracy
an absolutist gov't
a wealthy class invested in the arts
extensive contact with the Byzantine Empire
62
What can be seen form studying the Axum, Kush, Mali, and Songhai?
The African societies flourished at the same time
The Neolithic Revolution first occurred in Africa
Farming was more extensive in the Nile than anywhere else
These had rich history before European contact
63
Which describes a direct effect of the Renaissance on W Europe?
Art to reflect increasingly religious themes
Feudalism strengthened
Nationalistic movements began to decline
The Catholic Church was weakened
64
During the 1400s, the cities of Venice, Constantinople, and Canton achieved prominence b/c
pleasant climates led to increase in populations
democratic gov'ts attracted trade
locations were favorable for trade
military power led to industrialization
65
The Roman Catholic Church during the Middle Ages can best be described as a church that
favored separation from secular government
avoided involvement in social and educational matters
was a strong force that divided many people
was a stabilizing force during time of weak central powers
66
Mercantilism is best illustrated by the
social kinship of the Ashanti people
the relationship btwn Spain and Latin America
military strategies of the Mali
economic structure of China during the Yuan dynasty
67
Which economic system existed in Europe during the early Middle Ages?
feudalism
socialism
manorialism
free market
68
During the early Middle Ages, W European societies were most influences by
the Byzantine emperors
elected parliaments
the Roman Catholic Church
national monarchies
69
The map shows that the Mongol Empire stretched across
Europe and Asia
North America and Europe
South America and Asia
Africa and Southeast Asia
70
According to this map, which modern-day nations were ruled by the Mongols?
Saudi Arabia and Georgia
Japan and Tibet
Iran and Thailand
Russia and Iraq
71
A characteristic of both European and Japanese federalism was
an open democratic society
an adoption of Christianity
a decentralized government
the many opportunities for social mobility
72
In the Renaissance period, which factor was emphasized by the philosophy of humanism?
devotion to religion
superiority of medieval thought
value of the individual
obedience to gov't officials
73
Which groups were most closely associated with the spread of the Black Death?
soldiers and diplomats
missionaries and slave traders
bankers and explorers
merchants and pilgrims
74
Under colonialism, colonial powers considered their colonies to be
possessions to the detriment of the imperial power
independent nations with special privileges
possessions to be exploited
independent trade partners
75
The European feudal system represents a society based on
educational achievement
social class
political ability
accumulated wealth
76
The European feudal system was
designed to promote political and economic equality
supported by the labor of peasants
intended to provide opportunities for social mobility
controlled by a powerful middle class
77
Which empire had the greatest influence on the history and cultural development of Russia?
Assyrian
Holy Roman
Ottoman
Byzantine
78
Which was a characteristic of feudalism?
Land was exchanged for military service and obligations
Power rested in the hands of a strong central government
Court systems were developed
Government was provided by a bureaucracy of civil servants
79
Many achievements of Islamic civilization reached European society by way of
conquests of the Germanic tribes and trade along Silk Road
Crusades and E Mediterranean trading networks
merchant guilds and the Industrial Revolution
Middle Passage and the Columbian Exchange
80
In W Europe, which development caused the other three?
breakdown of central government
decline of trade
rise in the power of the Roman Catholic Church
fall of Rome
81
As the Middle Ages ended, the rise of a middle class in W Euro can be attributed to the
self-sufficiency of the manor system
increase in trade that resulted from the Crusades
strength of Christianity in medieval Euro
economic policies of the Roman Empire
82
Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?
Roots of the Roman Empire were revived
The Catholic Church was based in Italy
Italy was politically unified
Italian city-states were centers of trade and manufacturing
83
In the 16th and 17th c. in Latin America, European mercantilism lead to
exploitation of people and resources
opposition to the Catholic Church
rejection of Spanish culture
growth of democratic forms of gov't
84
Which cultural element spread from the Byzantine Empire to early Russia?
silk cloth
democratic ideas
Latin language
Orthodox Christianity
85
Spain's colonial policy of mercantilism affected Latin America by promoting
respect for the rights of the indigenous
free and rapid trade with Asia and Africa
the production of raw materials and cash crops
isolationism
86
The Sumerians, Phoenicians, and Mayans were similar in that each
had decentralized political structures
developed writing systems
established monotheistic religions
emphasized social equality
87
Constantinople became the center of the Byzantine Empire because
the pope had made it the capital of the Christian world
it was geographically isolated from surrounding empires
it was a religious center for Muslims
its location made it the crossroads of Europe and Asia
88
What was typical of Greece during the Golden age and Italy during the Renaissance?
a questioning spirit
social mobility
racial diversity
universal suffrage/democracy
89
The Byzantine Empire made its most important contribution to later civilization by
establishing trade routes to the Americas
encouraging the spread of Buddhism
recognizing the pope as the head of the Byzantine Church
preserving much of the Greco-Roman heritage
90
One reason for the success of the cities in the Hanseatic League and Italy was that both were
close to a network of navigable rivers
accessible by water
isolated from the rest of Europe
protected by mountains
91
Which idea about leadership would Machiavelli most likely support?
Leaders should be elected fairly and democratically
Leaders should listen to the desire of the people
leaders should do whatever is necessary to achieve goals
It is better to be loved, than feared
92
Which statement best explains why Byzantine influences strongly affected Russia and E Europe
Russian minorities converted the Byzantine Empire to Islam
Rulers in W Europe refused to trade with E Europe
Byzantine empire spread democracy to Russia
early Russia settlements located btwn Baltic and Black Sea
93
Which statement best describes the result of the Crusades?
Europeans developed a tolerance of non-Christian religions
Europeans maintained a lasting control over the Middle East
islamic influence dominated Europe
Trade between Europe and the Middle East expanded
94
A major feature of the Golden Age of Muslim culture was the
adoption of democratic government
persecution of Jews and Christains
development of the foundation of modern science and math
political and economic isolation of the Arab world
95
Btwn 800 and 1600, the W African city of Timbuktu became prosperous with the trading of
iron ore and coal
gold and salt
spices and silk
rifles and diamonds
96
Which statement can best be supported by the existence of Songhai, Mali, Kush, and Nubia?
Natural geographic barriers prevented trade
The societies were involved in violent civil wars
Africans established thriving civilization before Euro came
They were entirely self-sufficient and discouraged trade
97
One principle in the theory of mercantilism is that colonies should be
acquired as markets and sources of raw materials
granted independence as soon as possible
encouraged to develop their own industries
considered an economic burden for the colonial power
98
The Crusades, the travels of Marco Polo, and the fall of the Byzantine Empire contributed to
Age of Exploration in Europe
growth of feudalism in Europe
end of absolute monarchy in Russia
decline in African slave trade
99
Europeans had little impact on China's culture mainly b/c
the Europeans forbid their missionaries from going to China
Japanese culutre had become dominant in China
Confucianism prohibited the Chinese from foreign interaction
the Chinese viewed their culture as superior
100
What are two indirect results of the Crusades?
Trade declined and feudal system was weakened
The Feudal system strengthened
Trade increased and the feudal system was weakened
Trade and commerce declined
101
What generalization about Latin American geography is correct?
Variation in land forms resulted in diverse climates
Harsh climates prevented the development of agriculture
Geographic features prevented foreign imperialism
Lack of barriers facilitated extensive communication
102
Africa's geography is characterized by
a lack of major river systems
an absence of rain forests
an irregular coastline and excellent harbors
a diverse topography
103
The Crusades indirectly contributed to the discovery of the New World by
forcing religious conversion of Muslims
stimulating European demand for goods from the East
forcing Turks to flee form Constantinople
increasing power of feudal lords
104
A study of the Byzantine civilization would show that this civilization
based its economy on subsistence farming and slash-and-burn
preserved Greek and Roman learning for W and E Europe
reduced the influence of the Eastern Orthodox Church
collapsed as a result of the Germanic invasion of Middle Age
105
In Japan btwn 1603 and 1868, the most notable action taken by the Tokugawa Shogunate was the
development of extensive trade
formation of cultural links with Europe
military conquest of China
virtual isolation of the country from the outside world
106
Which factor contributed to the decline in power of European nobles in the late Middle Ages?
decreasing importance of towns and cities
collapse of international trade
rise of nation-states
increase in influence of serfs
107
Which statement about the social structure in Europe during the Middle Ages is most accurate?
industrialization led to the growth of socialism in Europe
the practices of the church led to classless society
sharp class distinctions divided European society
The nobles encouraged social mobility
108
Prior to the Protestant Reformation, the medieval church in W Europe was criticized for
being too concerned with worldly power and riches
refusing to sell indulgences to peasants
sponsoring exploration to the Middle East
allowing the Bible to be printed and distributed to people
109
Buildings such as the Gothic cathedrals in W Europe and the Parthenon in ancient Greece reflect
imperialist attitudes
cultural values
belief in democracy
rigid social structure
110
One way in which the Seljuk Turks, Mongols, and Crusaders were similar is that they all
succeeded in bringing democracy to the Middle East
invaded the Middle East and affected its culture
moved through the Middle East as nomadic groups
development of feudalism in Europe
111
What do the Maya, Aztec, and Inca have in common?
origin in the Andes Mountains
peaceful territorial expansion
dedication to advancement of science
social equality
112
In the Middle East during the Golden Age of Muslim culture, scholars were encouraged to
ignore the achievements of Chinese culture
preserve and expand ancient Greek and Roman learning
reject all knowledge that was Western in origin
accept medieval W European religious ideas
113
Which idea was shared by the ancient Maya, Aztec, and Inca civilizations?
practicing rituals to please the gods
equality among the social classes
mercantilism
direct democracy
114
Which situation is considered a cause of the other three?
European renewal in learning
increase in European demands for Eastern goods
European involvement in the Crusades
development of a European middle class
115
What is the best conclusion based on the information provided by the map?
islam has become the dominant religion in many cultures
Islam's influence is rapidly decreasing in the modern world
Islam was slow to expand from its original start in Persia
Islam spread to religions that had culture similar to Arabia
116
The Byzantine Empire
led Crusades to capture Rome from the Huns
used a senate as the chief governing body
Helped maintain Roman rule over W Europe
adapted the Roman principles of justice
117
Humanism was
a rejection of ancient civilizations
appreciation for the worth of the individual
belief in the supremacy of the collective
embracing the separation of church and state
118
"From S Spain, across N Africa, occupying Arabian peninsula to SE Asia" once described the
Gupta Empire
Aztec Empire
Pax Romana
Muslim world