Earth Science Regents Review #4 - Earthquakes

Question 1

The Mariana Trench was most likely created by the

Accepted Answer

convergence of the Pacific and Philippine Plates

Question 2

What is the P-wave travel time if the P-wave arrives at the station 8 minutes before the S-wave

Accepted Answer

10 minutes 0 seconds

Question 3

Which geologic feature is composed of the youngest crustal bedrock?

Accepted Answer

Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Question 4

The pressure at the interface between Earth's outer core and inner core is inferred to be

Accepted Answer

3.1 million atmospheres

Question 5

Which block diagram represents the plate motion causing earthquakes on the San Andreas Fault

Accepted Answer

D

Question 6

How much time is needed for an S-wave to travel 3200 km from an earthquake epicenter

Accepted Answer

10 min 40 sec

Question 7

Many scientists infer that one cause of the mass extinction of dinosaurs 65.5 million years ago

Accepted Answer

an asteroid impact that resulted in climate change

Question 8

Approximately how many million years ago (mya) was this NYS region located at the equator?

Accepted Answer

359 mya

Question 9

During which time interval did North America and Africa separate...

Accepted Answer

Mesozoic Era

Question 10

According to the fossil record which group of organisms has existed the greatest length of time

Accepted Answer

gastropods

Question 11

Basaltic rock that forms volcanic mountains when mantle plumes reach Earth surface are composed

Accepted Answer

of fine-grained, dark-colored mafic minerals

Question 12

Station A is 5000 km from epicenter The difference in arrival time between the P and S wave is

Accepted Answer

6 minutes 40 seconds

Question 13

Only P-waves were recorded at seismic station C because P-waves travel

Accepted Answer

through liquids, while S-waves do not

Question 14

A strong earthquake that occurs on the ocean floor could result in the formation of

Accepted Answer

a tsunami

Question 15

The convection currents responsible for moving tectonic plates occur in which Earth layer?

Accepted Answer

asthenosphere

Question 16

Which organisms were alive when NYS was last covered by a continental ice sheet

Accepted Answer

Mastodont and Beluga Whale

Question 17

Which depth below Earth's surface is the boundary between Earth's outer core and stiffer mantle

Accepted Answer

2900 km

Question 18

Which diagram shows how mantle convection currents are likely moving beneath colliding plates?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 19

How long after receiving the P-wave from an earthquake 4000 km away does the S-wave arrive?

Accepted Answer

5 minutes 35 seconds

Question 20

Compared to the surrounding material, mantle plumes rise toward Earths surface because they are

Accepted Answer

hotter and less dense

Questions 20