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AP Stats Vocab 8,9,10 Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Stats Vocab 8,9,10
AP Stats Vocab 8,9,10
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#APstats #statistics #vocabulary
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1
A number from a sample used to estimate some characteristic of a population.
Sample
Parameter
Critical Value
Statistic
2
A range of plausible values for a parameter, based on a statistic.
Confidence Interval
Confidence Level
Critical Value
Hypothesis Test
3
A sampling distribution of at least 30 will be approx normal even if the population is not.
Conditional Probability
Law of Averages
Law of Large Numbers
Central Limit Theorem
4
The entire group of individuals which we are interested in knowing something about.
Sample
Population
Statistic
Parameter
5
The claim that we assume to be true that we are trying to find evidence against.
Null Hypothesis
Significance Test
Alternative Hypothesis
P-value
6
A fixed value (alpha) used as a cutoff to determine if a p-value is or is not statistically significant.
Significance Level
Confidence Interval
Significance Test
Confidence Level
7
The distribution of just one sample.
Population Distribution
Normal Distribution
Sample Distribution
Sampling Distrubution
8
In confidence intervals, the number of standard errors to be added/subtracted from the statistic (i.e. z* or t*)
Z-score
Margin of Error
Standard Error
Critical Value
9
An individual that falls well outside the pattern of data.
Deviation
Outlier
Residual
Skewed Data
10
A family of distributions like the Normal curve except with more variability in the samples (wider bell curve).
Approximately Normal Distributions
Chi-Square Distributions
Z-distributions
t-distributions
11
__% of all similar samples would produce a range of values that would capture the true parameter value.
Hypothesis Test
Specific Confidence Interval
Confidence Level
Critical Value
12
Making conclusions about a larger population based on sample data.
Experiments
Normal Distribution
Inference
Statistics
13
A number that describes some characteristic of a population.
Sample
Parameter
Critical Value
Statistic
14
The total value to be added/subtracted from a statistic to find a confidence interval max/min.
Standard Error
Z-score
Critical Value
Margin of Error
15
A procedure using a sample statistic to make a decision about the validity of a claim.
Confidence Level
Significance Test
Confidence Interval
Significance Level
16
An event that rarely would have happened just by chance (very low p-value).
Simulation
Confidence Interval
Statistically Significant
Significance Test
17
Occurs when we fail to reject the Null hypothesis when it was actually false.
Power
Type I Error
P-value
Type II Error
18
The probability that we reject the Null hypothesis when it was actually false.
p-value
Type I Error
Type II Error
Power
19
The probability that a statistic would be equal to a value (or more extreme) given the Null hypothesis is true.
Confidence Interval
P-value
Significance Test
Critical Value
20
The distribution of a statistic (x-bar or p-hat) for all possible samples of size n.
Population Distribution
Sampling Distribution
Sample Distribution
Normal Distribution
21
The standard deviation of a statistic used in a significance test or confidence interval.
Margin of Error
Critical Value
Standard Error
Z-score
22
The claim that we actually believe/want to be true that we are trying to find conclusive evidence for.
Alternative Hypothesis
P-value
Null Hypothesis
Significance Test
23
Occurs when we reject the Null hypothesis when it was actually true.
Type II Error
Type I Error
p-value
Power
24
The # of standard deviations an observation falls from the center of a Normal distribution.
Percentile
Standard Error
Z-score
t-score
