Earth's Structure & Processes

____ faults are caused by compressional forces.

What type of earthquake wave can travel through both liquids and solids?

The most destructive seismic waves are

Bands of rock on the seafloor alternating magnetic orientation indicates the magnetic field

At least ____ seismographs are needed to accurately locate an earthquake epicenter

Plates slide past one another at

Which type of evidence was NOT used by Wegener to support his continental drift hypothesis?

Active volcanoes are most likely to form at

Most geologists rejected Wegener's idea of continental drift because

____ is the force that causes plates to move sideways past each other.

The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake is

____ are formed when two continental plates collide

A ____ forms where two oceanic plates collide

The type of seismic waves that arrive at the surface first and are compressional waves are

Primary waves ___ when they hit the liquid outer core.

The crust and upper mantle make up Earth's

Most geologists think that the movement of Earth's plates is caused by

Compared to P waves and S wave, surface waves move

Old oceanic crust is more dense than new oceanic crust because it is

Along a(n) ____ fault, the hanging wall moves downward in relation to the foot wall.

Once the elastic limit of rocks is passed, they break and move along surfaces called

Scientists think that convection currents flow in Earth's

Scientists discovered changes in Earth's interior by studying

____ faults are caused by tensional forces.

In what direction do seismic waves carry the energy of an earthquake?

In order to complete a convection current, the rising material must eventually _____ Earth

Seafloor spreading occurs because

At a(n) ____ fault, rocks on either side of the fault surface move past each other.

_____ is the force that pulls rocks apart.

The youngest rocks on the ocean floor are located where?

Plates of the lithosphere float on the

Secondary waves ___ when they hit the liquid outer core.

The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a trench and back into the mantle is

Along a(n) ____ fault, the hanging wall moves upward in relation to the foot wall.

_____ faults are caused by shear forces.

A person twice as far from an epicenter will notice the time between the arrival of P & S waves

_____ is the force that squeezes rocks together.

A collision between two pieces of continental lithosphere at a converging boundary produces a

Scientists believe that differences in ______ cause hot, plasticlike rock in the mantle to rise

A lack of explanation for cont. drift prevented scientists from accepting the supercontinent

When the force on rocks is great enough, they break, producing vibrations called

What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth's layers?